Recent Trends in Academic Library Materials Expenditures

published or submitted for publicatio

Non-linear optimization of the material constants in Ogden's strain-energy function for incompressible isotropic elastic materials

The Levenberg—Marquardt non—linear least squares optimization algorithm is adapted to compute the material constants in Ogden' s strain—energy function for incompressible isotropic elastic materials. In previous papers, three terms have been included in the strain-energy function. In the present paper, four terms are used and it is shown that the optimal values of the eight material constants, which are determined using the Levenberg—Marquardt algorithm, give a much closer fit to experimental data than the strain-energy function with three terms

When is choice a good thing?: An experimental study of the impact of choice on patient outcomes

The official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright @ Taylor & FrancisAlthough policy emphasises the benefits of choice, an increasing body of work points to times when choice may not always have positive consequences. The present experimental study aimed to explore the impact of choice on a number of patient outcomes in the health care setting. The study also explored the extent to which the influence of choice was affected by patient uncertainty and anticipated regret. Choice was conceptualized as consisting of two dimensions: ‘having choice’ which reflects the availability of a number of options and ‘making choice’ reflecting resolution and a desire for a choice to be made. Consecutive patients (n=427) from 4 General Practices in Surrey were asked to read one of 16 vignettes which varied in terms of 4 independent variables (having choice, making choice, uncertainty, anticipated regret) and to rate items relating to 4 outcome variables (patient satisfaction, perceived control, negative emotions, information seeking). The results showed that having more choice was consistently associated with more positive patient outcomes than having no choice. Having no choice was particularly detrimental for those experiencing anticipated regret and uncertainty. In contrast, whether or not a choice was made had no impact upon any of the outcome measures. In line with current policy having choice in the health care setting is related to improved patient outcomes. The results provide some insights into the factors which influence the direction of the impact of choice. They also indicate the importance of differentiating between ‘having choice’ and ‘making choice’.Funding received from ESRC award: RES-000-22-165

Preliminary Investigation of the Ground-Water Resources of Northern Searcy County, Arkansas

Two aquifers are extensively used by residents of small communities and rural areas in northern Searcy County, Arkansas. The Mississippian Boone-St. Joe aquifer is generally the less productive and the shallower of the two. Ground-water yields for the Boone-St. Joe range from 0.5 to 75 gpm with a median yield of 5 and a mean of 9.8 gpm. Well depths range from 100 to 754 feet with a median depth of 350 feet and a mean of 360 feet. Confined conditions are indicated by the greater depths, whereas the Boone-St. Joe aquifer is unconfined when exposed at the surface. Underlying the Boone-St. Joe aquifer is an aquifer zone composed of sands, sandy limestones, and/or dolomitic limestones below the Chattanooga Shale and above and including the Everton Formation. This aquifer can be composed of one or more of the following units: upper Everton, St. Peter, Clifty, Sylamore, Lafferty, St. Clair and/or Plattin. The range in yields for this aquifer is 1 to 80 gpm with a median yield of 9 and a mean of 17 gpm. Well depths range from 200 to 875 feet with a median and mean depth of 570 feet. A statistical correlation was found among well yields (gpm), regolith thickness, depth of well, and cave intersection by the well. The results indicate that greater yields can be obtained in areas of thicker regolith. Cave presence was also found to enhance yields. A strong relationship between cave presence and deeper regolith was observed. These three relationships demonstrate increased weathering, and thus water flow along fractures. The effect of joints closing off at depth produced a strong relationship between shallower wells and greater yields within the Boone-St. Joe aquifer

Hyperelastic cloaking theory: Transformation elasticity with pre-stressed solids

Transformation elasticity, by analogy with transformation acoustics and optics, converts material domains without altering wave properties, thereby enabling cloaking and related effects. By noting the similarity between transformation elasticity and the theory of incremental motion superimposed on finite pre-strain it is shown that the constitutive parameters of transformation elasticity correspond to the density and moduli of small-on-large theory. The formal equivalence indicates that transformation elasticity can be achieved by selecting a particular finite (hyperelastic) strain energy function, which for isotropic elasticity is semilinear strain energy. The associated elastic transformation is restricted by the requirement of statically equilibrated pre-stress. This constraint can be cast as \tr {\mathbf F} = constant, where $\mathbf{F}$ is the deformation gradient, subject to symmetry constraints, and its consequences are explored both analytically and through numerical examples of cloaking of anti-plane and in-plane wave motion.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure

Effect of Blood Ph and CO2 Tension on the Performance of the Heart-lung Preparation

Blood pH and carbon dioxide tension effect on performance of heart-lung preparatio

Effect of hypoxia on myocardium in heart-lung preparation

Effect of hypoxia on myocardium in starling heart lung preparations ventilated with mixtures of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxid

Preliminary Investigation of the Ground-Water Resources of Baxter, Fulton, Izard and Sharp Counties, Arkansas

One hundred and seventy-seven drillers\u27 well reports were used to investigate the groundwater resources of Baxter, Fulton, Izard, and Sharp counties. The most widely utilized aquifer zone is composed of the Cotter and Jefferson City dolomites. The well depths range from 30 to 740 ft. with a mean and median of 264 and 225 ft., respectively. The drillers\u27 yield estimates range from 1 to 50 gpm with a mean of 12.0 gpm and a median of 10 gpm. The piezometric surface has an average hydraulic gradient of 9 ft./mile with groundwater discharge occurring along the Spring and White Rivers. Overlying the Cotter-Jefferson City aquifer is the Powell Dolomite aquifer. Well depths range from 43 to 275 ft. with a mean and median of 137 and 114 ft., respectively. Driller estimated yields range from 7 to 40 gpm with a mean and median of 18 and 15 gpm, respectively. The Everton Aquifer is composed of a complex series of interfingering sandstones and carbonate layers that may act collectively or Individually as aquifers. Well depths in this aquifer range from 8 to 812 ft. with a mean of 338 ft. and a median of 500 ft. Yields range from 1 to 40 gpm with a mean and median of 11 and 7 gpm, respectively. The least productive and least utilized, but shallowest aquifer is the St. Peter Sandstone aquifer which has a depth range of 55 to 113 ft. with a mean and median of 80 and 85 ft., respectively. The yield ranges from 1 to 20 gpm with a mean and median of 9 and 5 gpm, respectively. The Spearman Rank Correlation procedure was used to compare well yields (gpm), well depth, regolith thickness, depth to water, and piezometric surface elevation of the Cotter-Jefferson City aquifer. At ∝ = 0.1, the following relationships were established: 1) greater yield at shallow well depths, 2) greater yield where the water table is closer to the surface, 3) thicker regolith in deeper wells, and thicker regolith with increased depth to water. These correlations indicate the strong control on water movement by fractures in the aquifer, and closing off of fractures at depth, and the control of regolith thickness by depth to water rather than fracture proximity

Use of Earth Resources Technological Satellite (ERTS) data in a natural resource inventory

There are no author-identified significant results in this report