ГОМЕОСТАЗ ПІДХОДІВ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ В КОРПОРАТИВНІЙ СИСТЕМІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОЕКТАМИ

Various approaches to management that are used by project managers in projects in companies have been analyzed. Three main approaches: operational, project-oriented and process-oriented that group most of the methods and controls used in the implementation of projects have been identified. The most typical use of dedicated approaches in the life cycle of the construction project has been consideredРозглянуто різні підходи до управління, які використовуються керівниками проектів при реалізації проектів в компаніях. Виділено і розглянуто три основні підходи: оперативний, проектний та процесний, які групують більшість методів і засобів управління вживаних при реалізації проектів. Розглянуто використання виділених підходів в процесі реалізації життєвого циклу будівельного проекту

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНОЇ ОБРОБКИ НА ЯКІСТЬ МЯСНИХ НАПІВФАБРИКАТІВ ТА ПРОДУКТІВ З ГІДРОБІОНТІВ

The process of meat and fish semi-finished products thermal treatment is inefficient in terms of energy costs and heavy losses of raw materials. Therefore improvement of processes of meat and fish semi-finished products thermal treatment  is an actual scientific task. It is possible to intensify process of thermal treatment by use of different physical methods therefore the purpose of work is research of influence of the rotating electromagnetic field on an intensification of meat and fish semi-finished products thermal treatment. For the solution of an objective researches of influence of a alternating magnetic field on an intensification of process of thermal treatment of semi-finished products of meat and fish raw materials and quality of finished products were conducted. Results of research showed that processing of meat and fish semi-finished products in an electromagnetic field allows to reduce duration of their thermal treatment and to increase quality of finished goods by reduction of a microbial contamination of semi-finished products and finished products.  Процесс тепловой обработки мясных и рыбных полуфабрикатов является  малоэффективным с точки зрения расхода энергоносителя и больших потерь сырья. Поэтому усовершенствование процессов тепловой обработки мясных и рыбных полуфабрикатов является актуальной научной задачей.Интенсифицировать процесс тепловой обработки можно путем использования разных физических методов, поэтому целью работы является исследование влияния вращающегося электромагнитного поля на интенсификацию тепловой обработки мясных и рыбных полуфабрикатов.Для решения поставленной задачи были проведены исследования влияния переменного электромагнитного поля на  интенсификацию процесса тепловой обработки полуфабрикатов из мясного и рыбного сырья и качество готовых изделий.Результаты исследования показали, что обработка мясных и рыбных полуфабрикатов в электромагнитном поле позволяет уменьшить длительность их тепловой обработки и повысить качество готовой продукции путем уменьшения микробиологического обсеменения полуфабрикатов и готовых изделий.Процес теплового оброблення м'ясних та рибних напівфабрикатів є  малоефективним з точки зору витрат енергоносіїв і великих втрат вихідної сировини. Тому удосконалення процесів теплового оброблення м’ясних та рибних напівфабрикатів є актуальною науковою задачею. Інтенсифікувати процес теплового оброблення можливо шляхом використання різних фізичних методів, тому метою роботи є дослідження впливу обертового електромагнітного поля на інтенсифікацію теплового оброблення м’ясних та рибних напівфабрикатів. Для вирішення поставленої задачі були проведені дослідження впливу змінного електромагнітного поля на  інтенсифікацію процесу теплового оброблення напівфабрикатів з м’ясної і рибної сировини та якість готових виробів. Результати дослідження показали, що оброблення м’ясних та рибних напівфабрикатів в електромагнітному полі дозволяє зменшити тривалість їх теплового оброблення та підвищити якість готової продукції шляхом зменшення мікробіологічного обсіменіння напівфабрикатів та готових виробів. &nbsp

Molecular alliance of Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and a short unmodified antisense oligonucleotide of its anti-apoptotic IAP-3 gene: A novel approach for gypsy moth control

Baculovirus IAP (inhibitor-of-apoptosis) genes originated by capture of host genes. Unmodified short antisense DNA oligonucleotides (oligoDNAs) from baculovirus IAP genes can down-regulate specific gene expression profiles in both baculovirus-free and baculovirus-infected insects. In this study, gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae infected with multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV), and LdMNPV-free larvae, were treated with oligoDNA antisense to the RING (really interesting new gene) domain of the LdMNPV IAP-3 gene. The results with respect to insect mortality, biomass accumulation, histological studies, RT-PCR, and analysis of DNA apoptotic fragmentation suggest that oligoRING induced increased apoptotic processes in both LdMNPV-free and LdMNPV-infected insect cells, but were more pronounced in the latter. These data open up possibilities for promising new routes of insect pest control using antisense phosphodiester DNA oligonucleotides

Molecular Alliance of Lymantria dispar Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus and a Short Unmodified Antisense Oligonucleotide of Its Anti-Apoptotic IAP-3 Gene: A Novel Approach for Gypsy Moth Control

Baculovirus IAP (inhibitor-of-apoptosis) genes originated by capture of host genes. Unmodified short antisense DNA oligonucleotides (oligoDNAs) from baculovirus IAP genes can down-regulate specific gene expression profiles in both baculovirus-free and baculovirus-infected insects. In this study, gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) larvae infected with multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV), and LdMNPV-free larvae, were treated with oligoDNA antisense to the RING (really interesting new gene) domain of the LdMNPV IAP-3 gene. The results with respect to insect mortality, biomass accumulation, histological studies, RT-PCR, and analysis of DNA apoptotic fragmentation suggest that oligoRING induced increased apoptotic processes in both LdMNPV-free and LdMNPV-infected insect cells, but were more pronounced in the latter. These data open up possibilities for promising new routes of insect pest control using antisense phosphodiester DNA oligonucleotides

Homeostasis of Approaches to Corporative System Management in Project Management

Various approaches to management that are used by project managers in projects in companies have been analyzed. Three main approaches: operational, project-oriented and process-oriented that group most of the methods and controls used in the implementation of projects have been identified. The most typical use of dedicated approaches in the life cycle of the construction project has been considere

Biological control of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar): an RNAi-based approach and a case for DNA insecticides

The discovery of the post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) mechanism, widely known as RNAi (RNA interference),has contributed towards the elucidation of the cellular machinery involved in the response against viral infections based on gene silencing, and in developmental regulation of translational suppression. The application of RNAi in insect pest management (IPM),and gene functional analysis, has been of enormous importance. Unfortunately, as RNAi has many times proven to be difficult to examine in Lepidoptera, focus has shifted to other potential post-genomic options in IPM. Special attention has afforded to novel DNA insecticides based on preparations of short single-stranded fragments of baculovirus anti-apoptosis genes, which represent a safe and relatively rapid alternative approach for IPM. This paper focuses on the draw backs and advantages of DNA insecticides used in gypsy moth control and based on RNAi

DNA insecticides: The effect of concentration on non-target plant organisms such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

The excessive use of pesticides is a problem in most parts of the world today because of their broad and unspecific target range that is considerably harmful. The accumulation of several chemical insecticide residues based on chlorpyrifos-methyl, organochlorine, different isomers of HCH, DDT etc., in Triticum aestivum L. plants can be dangerous. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop potential and safer alternative measures. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major cereal crop grown and used for food, animal feed, beverages and furniture accessories in most parts of the world. It also serves as a host to various insect pests. Our previous studies showed the insecticidal potency and specificity of short ssDNA oligonucleotides from the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP-2 and IAP-3) genes of Lymantria dispar multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (LdMNPV) against gypsy moth (L. dispar) larvae, a possible insect pest of non-host plants like wheat. Consequently, the present study analyzes the effects of ssDNA oligonucleotides used as DNA insecticides on wheat (T. aestivum) plant biomass, plant organs and some biochemical parameters as a marker of the safety margin on non-target organisms. The results obtained on plant biomass showed that groups treated with ssDNA oligonucleotides at concentrations of 0.01 pmol · μl-1, 0.1 pmol · μl-1 and 1 pmol · μl-1 varied in comparison with the control group, but remained harmless to plant growth and development, while the treatment concentration of 0.001 pmol · μl-1 did not affect the plant biomass. The glucose, protein and phosphorous biochemical parameters, analyzed after 21 days, showed that the ssDNA oligonucleotides used were equally safe. The data obtained for the plant organs (leaves and root lengths) indicate that the phenomenon of DNA insecticides can be further studied and developed for plant protection while improving the growth of plant organs even for a non-target organism such as wheat T. aestivum plants. © 2019 Polish Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

A primary attempt of Leptinotarsa decemlineata control using contact DNA insecticide based on short antisense oligonucleotide of its CYP6B gene

Effective control of Leptinotarsa decemlineata remains an urgent problem for agriculture worldwide. Minimization of the use of non-selective neonicotinoid insecticides, such as thiomethoxam, is an actual vector of development of potato cultivation. In this rapid communication, we show the prospect of the topical use of short unmodified antisense fragment of L. decemlineata CYP6B gene as a DNA insecticide. Investigated parameters, namely, number of larvae per plant, aboveground biomass, yield and number of potatoes produced per plant indicate the possibility of this post-genomic approach as a safe and effective method of L. decemlineata control