Similaridade genética entre açaizeiros (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) procedentes de Breves, Pará, Brasil baseada em marcadores RAPD.

Caracterizou-se a similaridade genética entre açaizeiros procedentes de Breves, Pará, Brasil por meio de marcadores RAPD. Amostras de folíolos de 25 indivíduos foram coletadas para a extração de DNA genômico e aplicação 22 primers. Os produtos foram separados em eletroforese horizontal e as imagens capturadas para análise. Foram amplificadas 107 bandas polimórficas. A similaridade genética média foi de 64% e possibilitou a separação de três grupos. Logo, açaizeiros procedentes desse local, mesmo sob a ação antrópica para palmito e frutos, apresentam pouca similaridade genética

Composição bromatológica da silagem de dez cultivares de mandioca.

A mandiocultura apresenta grande importância na região Nordeste, sobretudo por estar presente em todas as regiões a fazer parte tanto da cultura quanto da economia da região. Esta cultura apresenta uma gama de resíduos que podem ser utilizados na alimentação de animais. Um dos mais importantes é a maniva ou parte aérea que muitas vezes é desperdiçada no campo. Uma das maneiras de se aproveitar este material pode ser a ensilagem, que conservará o material para ser utilizado na época seca, onde há déficit de alimentos para os animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a qualidade bromatológica de silagens de mandioca oriundas de duas estações experimentais e de dez cultivares diferentes (Lagoão, BRS Verdinha, Irará, Caravela, 9783/13, BRS Poti Branca, BRS Tapioqueira, Amansa Burro e BRS Caipira) com idade de 10 meses. Foram utilizados para a confecção das silagens mini silos laboratoriais de PVC com 10 cm de diâmetro e 30 cm de comprimento, lacrados com tampas de PVC e presilhas de metal. O material vegetal da mandioca in natura foi colhido no mesmo dia da confecção das silagens. Para cada tratamento foram confeccionados seis mini silos, sendo 3 de cada local de colheita, totalizando 60 repetições, em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (DIC). Após 180 dias os silos foram abertos e analisados quanto a sua composição bromatológica. O genótipo influenciou os teores de proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido das silagens (P0,05). As cultivares Caravela e BRS Caipira apresentaram os melhores parâmetros bromatológicos entre as cultivares estudadas

Características morfoagronômicas e bromatológicas de acessos de nim indiano.

No Nordeste brasileiro, o nim foi amplamente difundido e utilizado na arborização urbana, na utilização de frutos em escala industrial e é também uma opção para lenha. Em 2009, a Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, acreditando no seu potencial para extração de óleo, implantou um Banco de Germoplasma da espécie, em Aracaju. Ainda em fase de ampliação, o BAG é avaliado constantemente. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar algumas características bromatológicas e morfológicas, no período de 2013-2014. Avaliou-se os teores de matéria seca, de proteína bruta e extrato etéreo, além da altura da planta (h), inserção da copa (IC), diâmetro do caule (DC), diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) e raio da copa (RC). Quanto aos descritores morfológicos avaliados, não houve diferença signifi cativa entre as espécies. A análise bromatológica resultou em 28,92% de matéria seca, 6,87% de proteína bruta e 16,97% de extrato etéreo

Exact Occupation Time Distribution in a Non-Markovian Sequence and Its Relation to Spin Glass Models

We compute exactly the distribution of the occupation time in a discrete {\em non-Markovian} toy sequence which appears in various physical contexts such as the diffusion processes and Ising spin glass chains. The non-Markovian property makes the results nontrivial even for this toy sequence. The distribution is shown to have non-Gaussian tails characterized by a nontrivial large deviation function which is computed explicitly. An exact mapping of this sequence to an Ising spin glass chain via a gauge transformation raises an interesting new question for a generic finite sized spin glass model: at a given temperature, what is the distribution (over disorder) of the thermally averaged number of spins that are aligned to their local fields? We show that this distribution remains nontrivial even at infinite temperature and can be computed explicitly in few cases such as in the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model with Gaussian disorder.Comment: 10 pages Revtex (two-column), 1 eps figure (included

Desempenho de cultivares de girassol no Nordeste brasileiro nos anos agrícolas de 2010 e 2011.

bitstream/item/75592/1/Cot-123.pd

Untreated severe dental decay: a neglected determinant of low Body Mass Index in 12-year-old Filipino children

Contains fulltext : 98500.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Dental decay is the most common childhood disease worldwide and most of the decay remains untreated. In the Philippines caries levels are among the highest in the South East Asian region. Elementary school children suffer from high prevalence of stunting and underweight.The present study aimed to investigate the association between untreated dental decay and Body Mass Index (BMI) among 12-year-old Filipino children. METHODS: Data collection was part of the National Oral Health Survey, a representative cross-sectional study of 1951 11-13-year-old school children using a modified, stratified cluster sampling design based on population classifications of the Philippine National Statistics Office. Caries was scored according to WHO criteria (1997) and odontogenic infections using the PUFA index. Anthropometric measures were performed by trained nurses. Some socio-economic determinants were included as potential confounding factors. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of caries (DMFT + dmft > 0) was 82.3% (95%CI; 80.6%-84.0%). The overall prevalence of odontogenic infections due to caries (PUFA + pufa > 0) was 55.7% (95% CI; 53.5%-57.9%) The BMI of 27.1% (95%CI; 25.1%-29.1%) of children was below normal, 1% (95%CI; 0.5%-1.4%) had a BMI above normal. The regression coefficient between BMI and caries was highly significant (p 0) as compared to those without odontogenic infections had an increased risk of a below normal BMI (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.19-1.80). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first-ever representative survey showing a significant association between caries and BMI and particularly between odontogenic infections and below normal BMI. An expanded model of hypothesised associations is presented that includes progressed forms of dental decay as a significant, yet largely neglected determinant of poor child development

Cell Walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Differentially Modulated Innate Immunity and Glucose Metabolism during Late Systemic Inflammation

BACKGROUND: Salmonella causes acute systemic inflammation by using its virulence factors to invade the intestinal epithelium. But, prolonged inflammation may provoke severe body catabolism and immunological diseases. Salmonella has become more life-threatening due to emergence of multiple-antibiotic resistant strains. Mannose-rich oligosaccharides (MOS) from cells walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown to bind mannose-specific lectin of Gram-negative bacteria including Salmonella, and prevent their adherence to intestinal epithelial cells. However, whether MOS may potentially mitigate systemic inflammation is not investigated yet. Moreover, molecular events underlying innate immune responses and metabolic activities during late inflammation, in presence or absence of MOS, are unknown. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a Salmonella LPS-induced systemic inflammation chicken model and microarray analysis, we investigated the effects of MOS and virginiamycin (VIRG, a sub-therapeutic antibiotic) on innate immunity and glucose metabolism during late inflammation. Here, we demonstrate that MOS and VIRG modulated innate immunity and metabolic genes differently. Innate immune responses were principally mediated by intestinal IL-3, but not TNF-α, IL-1 or IL-6, whereas glucose mobilization occurred through intestinal gluconeogenesis only. MOS inherently induced IL-3 expression in control hosts. Consequent to LPS challenge, IL-3 induction in VIRG hosts but not differentially expressed in MOS hosts revealed that MOS counteracted LPS's detrimental inflammatory effects. Metabolic pathways are built to elucidate the mechanisms by which VIRG host's higher energy requirements were met: including gene up-regulations for intestinal gluconeogenesis (PEPCK) and liver glycolysis (ENO2), and intriguingly liver fatty acid synthesis through ATP citrate synthase (CS) down-regulation and ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and malic enzyme (ME) up-regulations. However, MOS host's lower energy demands were sufficiently met through TCA citrate-derived energy, as indicated by CS up-regulation. CONCLUSIONS: MOS terminated inflammation earlier than VIRG and reduced glucose mobilization, thus representing a novel biological strategy to alleviate Salmonella-induced systemic inflammation in human and animal hosts