Motor learning and coordination in the Rotarod test.

<p><b>Left panel</b>: Motor learning curve of Tg<i>RCAN1</i> and wild type mice. Tg<i>RCAN1</i> did not show impairment in motor learning but when submitted to consecutive trials at increasing rotational speeds (7, 10, 14, 24 and 34 rpm) performance in the more demanding trials was slightly improved in transgenic vs. wild type mice. <b>Right panel</b>: Acceleration trials. No differences were detected between genotypes. Each data point represents the mean ± S.E.M. *P≤0.05. Abbreviations: NS: non significant; rpm: revolutions per min.</p

Genotyping and expression analysis of Tg<i>RCAN1</i> mice.

<p><b>A</b>) Schematic representation of the <i>PDGFβ/RCAN1</i> chimeric gene. <b>B</b>) Southern blot analysis of three independent transgenic lines (L21, L27 and L37). <b>C</b>) Expression of the transgene by RT-PCR analysis in hippocampus (Hp), cerebral cortex (Cx) and cerebellum (Cb) of Tg<i>RCAN1</i> and control mice. <b>D</b>) Western blot analysis and relative quantification of RCAN1 protein levels from adult wild type (WT n = 6) and transgenic mice (TgL37 n = 8), in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. α-Tubulin was used as an internal loading control. Bars show densitometric analysis of Rcan1 normalized against the α-tubulin band (Hp: hippocampus, Cx: cerebral cortex). Data are represented as mean ± S.E.M. *P<0.05, Student's t test.</p

SHIRPA primary behavioral screen.

<p>Data are given as percentage of animals showing a specific phenotype. NS: non significant.</p

Visuo-spatial learning in the Morris water maze.

<p>Morris water maze performance of Tg<i>RCAN1</i> and wild type animals during the learning sessions expressed as (<b>left panel</b>) latency (s) to reach the platform along the acquisition phase, cue and reversal sessions. A clear deficit was observed in Tg<i>RCAN1</i> in all learning phases; (<b>Right panel</b>) Cumulative search-error on training trials and a learning index (Gallagher's proximity index) computed from the trials over the course of training. This measure relies on a computation of distance from the platform during the trial <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0017010#pone.0017010-Arque1" target="_blank">[17]</a> and clearly indicated the use of poorer learning strategies in transgenic mice. White squares represent wild types and black squares represent Tg<i>RCAN1</i>. Data are represented as mean ± S.E.M. *P<0.05, **P<0.01.</p

Teaching Students Metacognitive study skills for success in education

The School of Communication Sciences and Disorders provided a 50-minute presentation to three different groups of students on the use of meta-cognitive study strategies to improve their academic performance. The presentation is based on the book Teach students how to learn by Saundra Y. McGuire. The preliminary results will be shared in regards to performance on examinations, quizzes, and signature assignments as well as qualitative comments that describe student perspectives

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Genome-wide miR-155 and miR-802 target gene identification in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model by miRNA sponges

Gene ontology analysis of predicted transcripts. (XLSX 104 kb

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. of Genome-wide miR-155 and miR-802 target gene identification in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model by miRNA sponges

a) Schematic representation of lentiviral vectors used to overexpress mmu-miR-155 and mmu-miR-802 (p-miR155 and p-miR802). b) Expression of mmu-miR155 and miR-802 in HeLa cells transfected with p-miR155 and p-miR802 (HeLa-miR-155-miR802). c) d2EGFP expression in HeLa and HeLa-miR-155-miR802 transduced with Lv-Control Lv-miR155T or Lv-miR155-802T. Top panel shows representative images of d2EGFP positive cells at 72-hours after transduction with 10 MOI of Lv-Control, LvmiR155Tor Lv-miR155-802T. Bottom panel shows the number of d2EGFP positive cells at different viraldoses. Image analysis was assessed using ImageJ software. Fig. S2. a) Principal component analysis of data obtained with the Agilent SurePrint G3 Mouse gene expression 8x60K Microarray (ID 028005). TheGEO accession number for our microarray data reported in this paper is GSE68074. Table of meandistances among the different genotypes and treatments. b) Prediction of miRNA targets based oncorrelation coefficients obtained from hippocampus treatment with sponge lentiviruses by different methods.Left panel shows the correlation prediction compared to the number of target sites predicted by TargetScan.Central panel shows the correlation prediction compared to the probability of conserved targeting(TargetScan PCT score). Right panel shows the correlation prediction compared to TargetScan contextscore. Fig. S3. a) Representation of Down’s syndrome gene expression dysregulation domanins (GEDDs)described by Letourneau and collaborators (black barplot overlay), and changes in expression in the miceorthologous genes observed in hippocampus upon the treatment with Lv-miR155-802T (grey barplotoverlay). Representation was performed using CIRCOS visualization package. b) Venn diagram of miRNApredicted targets on Lv-miR155-802T treated hippocampus based on the negative coefficients obtainedfrom miRComb analysis package for miR-155 (Corr_155 -) and miR-802 (Corr_802 -), genes that presenteda negative fold-change in between euploid and trisomic condition (TS/WT -) and genes that presented apositive fold-change in tisomic cells upon the XIST-induced HSA21 silencing (TS-XIST/TS +). (DOCX 3411 kb

Plasmids used in this study.

<p>Plasmids used in this study.</p

<i>Gaussia</i> luciferase encoding vectors used in this study.

<p><i>Gaussia</i> luciferase encoding vectors used in this study.</p

Bacterial luciferase encoding vectors used in this study.

<p>Bacterial luciferase encoding vectors used in this study.</p