Conceptual design and feasibility evaluation model of a 10 to the 8th power bit oligatomic mass memory. Volume 2: Feasibility evaluation model

The partially populated oligatomic mass memory feasibility model is described and evaluated. A system was desired to verify the feasibility of the oligatomic (mirror) memory approach as applicable to large scale solid state mass memories

Conceptual design and feasibility evaluation model of a 10 to the 8th power bit oligatomic mass memory. Volume 3: Operation manual

An operation manual is presented for the oligatomic mass memory feasibility model. It includes a brief description of the memory and exerciser units, a description of the controls and their functions, the operating procedures, the test points and adjustments, and the circuit diagram

Geology of a Kyanite Deposit Near Ennis, Montana

A deposit of kyanite, an aluminum silicate mineral used in the ceramic industry, occurs in the low foothills of the Gravelly range about 10 miles south of Ennis, Montana. This study deals primarily with the character and origin of the deposit, and its relationship to the surrounding rocks

Абетка опитувань населення про здоров’я

The aim of this paper is to introduce novice researchers to surveys as a method of data collection. It starts with the definition of a survey, its major purposes and types as well as changes in the goals surveys have helped to achieve over time. Advantages and disadvantages of surveys over population censuses and medical examinations are discussed. Approaches to questionnaire construction are introduced along with properties that questionnaires are evaluated for. Modes of administration, sample size issues, and data analysis approaches are also introduced. The primer is illustrated with examples of surveys conducted in different countries with various public health purposes.Статья представляет собой краткий учебник для начинающих исследователей, касающийся опросов населения как метода сбора данных. Она начинается с определения опросов, обозначения их важнейших задач и типов, а также обозначения того, как задачи опросов менялись со временем. Обсуждаются преимущества и недостатки опросов по сравнению с переписями населения и его медицинским обследованием. Также сообщается базовая информация о подходах к построению опросников и тех характеристиках, по которым оценивается их качество. Обсуждаются способы проведения опросов, подходы к определению размеров выборки, а также анализу собранных данных. Статья проиллюстрирована примерами опросов, которые проводились в разных странах и решали различные задачи здравоохранения. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: опросы населения, сбор данных, размер выборки, одномоментный, лонгитюдный, описательный, аналитический, опросы знание-отношение-поведение, перепись населения, валидность, надежность, этика, вопросы, способы проведения опроса.Стаття стосується опитувань населення як методу збору даних і має на меті познайомити з темою дослідників-початківців. У ній наведено визначення поняття опитувань, зазначені найважливіші їхні типи та завдання, а також те, як ці завдання змінювалися у часі. Автор обговорює переваги та недоліки опитувань у порівнянні з переписом населення та його медичними обстеженнями. Обговорено підходи до побудови опитувальників, а також їхні властивості, за якими оцінюють їхню якість. Наведено способи застосування опитувань, а також підходи до визначення розміру вибірки та аналізу зібраних даних. Статтю проілюстровано прикладами опитувань населення, проведених у різних країнах з метою вирішення різних завдань охорони здоров’я. КЛЮЧОВІ СЛОВА: опитування населення, збір даних, розмір вибірки, крос-секційний, лонгітюдний, описовий, аналітичний, опитування щодо знань-ставлення-поведінки, перепис населення, валідність, надійність, шляхи застосування

Intersectional Feminism and Diverse Perspectives in Contemporary Romance

The lack of intersectional feminism and diverse perspectives has long been a critique of the literary canon. While the Academy has shifted toward a more progressive course of literary study in recent decades, there are still some genres that are treated as undeserving of scholarly analysis in spite of their unique and diverse perspectives. The contemporary romance genre embodies the very intersectional feminism that the traditional literary canon lacks, yet it is still treated as unworthy of consideration. Contemporary romance novels such as The Kiss Quotient by Helen Hoang, Take a Hint, Dani Brown by Talia Hibbert and The Bromance Book Club by Lyssa Kay Adams all incorporate diverse perspectives and epitomize intersectional feminism. These novels explore sexual identity, race, disabilities, autism and a plethora of other perspectives that are severely underrepresented in both general media and academic literature. Despite the shift in canon in recent decades, there is still a sense of intellectual gatekeeping that designates the romance genre as inferior despite the many ways it realizes intersectionality. In this paper I will explore the reasons why traditional academia fails to consider contemporary romance as a valid study of intersectional feminism and diverse perspectives. Through research on the evolution of the contemporary romance genre and landmark intersectional feminist texts I am exploring the merits of studying contemporary romance as a source of intersectionality and diverse perspectives in literature. In addition to the novels mentioned, I will focus my research on texts such as Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own as well as essays from intersectional feminist writers such as Audre Lorde and Adrienne Rich. This research illuminates the need for traditional academia to consider contemporary romance as a valid format to explore and realize the intersectional and feminist perspectives that are currently underrepresented in the Academy

Бар’єри та рішення на шляху створення та поширення наукового знання в бідних країнах

Andreeva recently discussed several “challenges for research in poor countries” (Andreeva, 2012). Below is a list of some of these challenges and my comments.   For many public health studies in low- or middle-income countries, population surveys are the only affordable means of data collection.   Population surveys are valuable sources of health information. For example, surveys have estimated the prevalence, severity, and treatment of mental disorders in various countries, including Ukraine (WHO, 2004). But population surveys can be very expensive, so alternative approaches to data collection should not be overlooked. Some other methods are case control studies, ecologic studies, and qualitative research designs such as focus groups. A case control design was used by Donetsk State Medical University to investigate contraceptive practices and factors behind contraceptive preferences of Ukrainian women (Mogilevkina, 2003). For a case control study of diphtheria vaccine efficacy in Ukraine, demographic and vaccination data were gathered from health center records (Tsu, 2000). Focus group methods were used by the Ukraine Institute for Public Health Policy and others to investigate the obstacles to antiretroviral therapy perceived by HIV-infected injection drug users (Mimiaga, 2010) and in a separate study on the topics of everyday understanding of health and the factors influencing it (Abbott, 2006).   Another challenge faced by survey scientists is related to the validity of self-reported data.   Validity is central to all research. According to Bonita et al (2006, page 57), “A study is valid if its results correspond to the truth.” Self-reports can be satisfactory data sources if investigators take sufficient care in their design and use (Schaeffer, 2003). For example, before conducting health surveys in low and middle-income countries with questionnaires that were developed for use in high-income countries, researchers may first want to use focus group interview methods to gauge what the survey questions mean to people in the target countries (Kitzinger, 1995). If necessary, focus groups can be used to help researchers to modify question wording appropriately. In any case, for many health measures, it is difficult to think of an alternative to self-reports. The recent finding that fewer teenagers in the United States are driving after drinking, for example, comes from risk behavior data collected from thousands of high school students through national surveys (Shults, 2012). Due to high subscription fees, many researchers in low- and medium income countries lack access to necessary literature.   This is a serious obstacle but it has a partial, temporary solution. In 2002 the Access to Research in Health Programme (HINARI) was established by the World Health Organization in partnership with major publishers (http://www.who.int/hinari/en/ accessed 4 Oct 2012). This venture provides free or low cost online access to the major journals in biomedical and related social sciences to local, not-for-profit institutions in developing countries. Some 8,500 journals and 7000 e-books (in 30 different languages) are now available to health institutions in more than 100 countries. To move access to global knowledge beyond HINARI, an international team of editors, researchers, and authors has proposed that WHO take the lead in championing the goal of “health information for all” (Godlee, et al., 2004). Besides HINARI, researchers in some developing countries have gained access to scientific literature through partnerships with foreign researchers as, for example, in projects supported by the Fogarty International Center of the US National Institutes of Health (http://www.fic.nih.gov, accessed 4 Oct 2012). For persons interested in tobacco control, an inventory of financial and structural resources to support global tobacco control research and research capacity in developing countries is available (Lando, et al., 2005).   Many decisions in low and middle income countries are still opinion-based.   Alas this is also all too often the case in the US and Europe. For example, little policy has developed in response to the growing threat from climate change to the health and the environment. The process from the discovery of scientific knowledge to its effects on human behavior is usually long and unpredictable. Current epidemiology training focuses on epidemiologic methods, with little attention on how the science of epidemiology is translated into effective health policy (Brownson, 1998, page 377). Actually, research findings always have some degree of uncertainty, and policy choices depend on many social, cultural, and economic factors, including people’s opinions and beliefs. Fortunately, expert guidance is available on ways to communicate research findings to the public and policymakers that increase the chance that good science will result in good public health (Nelson, 2011; Remington, et al., 2011; Brownson, et al., 2011). A somewhat contrary view is that researchers are not responsible for the translation of their findings into public policy and should enter the political fray cautiously (Rothman & Poole, 1985). The golden standard of studies generating such evidence is randomized controlled trials.   Bonita et al (2006, page 95) distinguish between various study designs by ranking their ability to provide evidence for causality between an exposure and a disease: “strong” for randomized controlled trials, “moderate” for cohort and case-control studies, and “weak” for cross-sectional and ecological studies. However, Steven N Goodman of Stanford University and Gerald J Dal Pan of the US Food and Drug Administration, speakers at the 2012 American College of Epidemiology Annual Meeting, indicated that the traditional hierarchy of scientific evidence may be too simple. They argued that experiments have more limits than generally appreciated, and evidence from observational studies can also be “golden”.In any case, research conclusions have historically lacked widespread credibility in the scientific community until they have been confirmed by multiple studies using different study designs in different populations.   They consider this as public health surveillance rather than data for testing research hypotheses about effects of the intended policy measures.   I would agree that some surveys, such as the tobacco prevalence survey in several eastern European countries, including Ukraine (Andreeva, et al., 2010), are a type of public health surveillance. However, such data collection activities differ from traditional disease surveillance systems that detect and investigate new cases of notifiable diseases, including tuberculosis, measles, and others (Bonita, et al., 2006). For several decades, the US Agency for International Development has funded the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) that collect nationally-representative household data for a wide range of monitoring and evaluation indicators on population, health, and nutrition (http://measuredhs.com/accessed 3 Oct 2012). These surveys have been completed in Ukraine and a half dozen other countries of the former Soviet Union, and all DHS countries, especially ones with repeated surveys, have results that can be assessed with relevance to a health policy. I am reluctant to classify prevalence surveys as “descriptive” or “analytic” without more information about the specific survey. In the US, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveys--conducted annually in the 50 states with coordination and support from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention--have been used for both description and analysis. Smart people from poor countries will definitely benefit from considerate reviews of their studies by more experienced researchers.   A core principle of global health is that the knowledge and experience of every country, regardless of income level, is required for truly effective public health science and action. Journals have a mission, and they will publish work from any country if it fits their mission. Some journals explicitly invite submissions from developing countries including papers from authors whose mother language is not English. On the other hand, journals have major limits (Nordstrom, 2008). To protect their resources, they routinely reject some manuscripts without circulating them for external review because the editor determines they have little chance of acceptance. Most journals have no paid staff, and most peer reviewers are volunteers. An editor of one western journal has candidly discussed the challenges and opportunities of reviewing and publishing research manuscripts from developing countries (Malone, 2012)

Energy Levels of the SI28 and the Alpha Particle Model

The alpha particle model presupposes the nucleus to be composed of alpha particles bound by harmonic forces in some equilibrium configuration. These alpha particles may not retain their identity but may exchange like nucleons. This model receives additional support in that alpha nuclei have higher binding energies than neighboring nuclei. Nearly 90% of the total nuclear binding energy is accounted for in the alpha particles. A more objectionable defect arises in the requirement that the amplitudes of vibration be as large as the nucleus itself. This precludes consideration of the alpha particles as distinct entities. The alpha particle model further presumes that the lower excited states arise form excitations of the 3N-3 rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom. With reasonable assumptions, results very nearly in agreement with experiment were obtained. The availability of more recent and complete experimental data prompted a calculation of the lower lying energy levels in this paper. The body-centered octahedron (Oh), the body-centered tetragonal bipyramid (D4h), the distorted body-centered tetragonal bipyramid (D2d), the pentagonal bipyramid (D5h), the one-face centered distorted octahedron (C3v), the one-face centered distorted trigonal prism (D3h) and the body-centered trigonal anti-prism (D3d) are the proposed structures for Si. Finally, the nuclear dimensions and normal vibrations were examined to see whether the values implied in each assignment were reasonable

Intersectional Feminism and Diverse Perspectives in Contemporary Romance

The lack of intersectional feminism and diverse perspectives has long been a critique of the literary canon. While the Academy has shifted toward a more progressive course of literary study in recent decades, there are still some genres that are treated as undeserving of scholarly analysis in spite of their unique and diverse perspectives. The contemporary romance genre embodies the very intersectional feminism that the traditional literary canon lacks, yet it is still treated as unworthy of consideration. Contemporary romance novels such as The Kiss Quotient by Helen Hoang, Take a Hint, Dani Brown by Talia Hibbert and The Bromance Book Club by Lyssa Kay Adams all incorporate diverse perspectives and epitomize intersectional feminism. These novels explore sexual identity, race, disabilities, autism and a plethora of other perspectives that are severely underrepresented in both general media and academic literature. Despite the shift in canon in recent decades, there is still a sense of intellectual gatekeeping that designates the romance genre as inferior despite the many ways it realizes intersectionality. In this paper I will explore the reasons why traditional academia fails to consider contemporary romance as a valid study of intersectional feminism and diverse perspectives. Through research on the evolution of the contemporary romance genre and landmark intersectional feminist texts I am exploring the merits of studying contemporary romance as a source of intersectionality and diverse perspectives in literature. In addition to the novels mentioned, I will focus my research on texts such as Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, Virginia Woolf’s A Room of One’s Own as well as essays from intersectional feminist writers such as Audre Lorde and Adrienne Rich. This research illuminates the need for traditional academia to consider contemporary romance as a valid format to explore and realize the intersectional and feminist perspectives that are currently underrepresented in the Academy

Universal Response Methods

The purpose of this research was to identify which student response system when used during formative assessment would increase student engagement and learning. Students responded utilizing the Socrative application on iPads and individual white boards with markers on student response cards. The participants in this study were a group of five male students ages 1114 enrolled in a selfcontained (setting IV), emotional and behavioral program. We used various data collection methods to gather evidence that included ontask behavior, questions answered correctly, questions attempted, time spent in class, and student reflections. Our data showed that students were more inclined to be successful using the Socrative program than the response cards during formative assessment. Our findings indicate that students preferred Socrative over the response card method. Data also supported that students were more engaged and were more likely to answer questions correctly when using Socrative. Keywords: formative assessment, student response systems, student response cards, Socrativ