Note on Invariants of the Weyl Tensor

Algebraically special gravitational fields are described using algebraic and differential invariants of the Weyl tensor. A type III invariant is also given and calculated for Robinson-Trautman spaces.Comment: 3 pages, no figures, corrected expression (12

Statics and kinetics at the nematic­-isotropic interface: effects of biaxiality

We use the Landau-de Gennes theory of a nematic liquid crystal to investigate anew aspects of the properties of the interface between the isotropic and nematic liquid crystal phases of the same fluid. The equations of the static interface have been solved, both numerically and using asymptotic analysis, with an emphasis on the effect of inclusion of the order parameter biaxiality on the physical properties. We have compared the results of the exact solutions to the commonly used de Gennes ansatz, which assumes positive and uniform unixiality through the interface. Although the de Gennes ansatz in general gives good results, when bend and splay elastic constants dominate over the twist constants, it can lead to errors of up to 10% in the surface energy. The asymptotic analysis also shows that, by contrast with the de Gennes ansatz, the order parameter wings in the isotropic phase exhibit negative order parameter, with principal axis perpendicular to the surface. For moving interfaces, using an approximation which at this stage does not yet include hydrodynamic coupling, we have compared our results with the analogue of the de Gennes ansatz used by the present authors in an earlier paper. We find that including biaxiality leads to larger effects in the dynamic than in the static properties, and that whereas this is essentially a perturbation to the energy, the velocity of the moving interface can be significantly slowed down. The slowing down effects are strongly correlated with surface biaxiality, but both effects seem to be diminished when the isotropic phase is advancing

The Influence of Tofu Pulp Flour Substitution on Protein Content and Acceptability Level of Chicken Nugget

This research has been carried out at the Food and Beverage Laboratory of UPT of Testing and Goods Quality Certification (PSMB) of Riau Province from April to September 2018. The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of tofu pulp flour substitution on protein content and determine the panelist acceptability level of chicken nugget produced. The research design used was a Complete Random Design (CRD) with 4 treatments of tofu pulp flour substitution which were 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% with two replications. Protein content was analyzed by Kjedahl method and panelist acceptability level used organoleptic test. Analysis of protein content data was carried out by using the One Way Anova test and level of acceptability usedthe Kruskal-Wallis test with a level of 5%, respectively. The research result of protein content analysis showed that there was no significant influence of tofu pulp flour substitution on protein content (p 0.116 > 0.05). Organoleptic test result obtained the most preferred chicken nugget was substitution of 10% tofu pulp flour. Data analysis showed no significant difference between the aroma and the texture of chicken nuggetproduced (p > 0.05). Meanwhile an analysis of the chicken nugget taste showed there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two groups of tofu pulp flour, so that the analysis continued with the Man-Whitney test and the result of the group that had a difference in taste was between the tofu pulp flour substitution group with 0% and 30% and between groups which tofu pulp flour substitution of 10% and 30%. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that tofu pulp flour can be used as a substitution in chicken nugget processing without reducing its nutritional value. Keywords: tofu pulp flour, chicken nugget, protein content, organoleptic tes

Analisis Perbedaan Kinerja Keuangan Bank Syariah Murni dengan Bank Syariah Campuran pada Tahun 2011 dengan Menggunakan Metode Camel : Studi Kasus pada Bank Syariah Diseluruh Dunia

The development of Islamic banking is currently experiencing a rapid progress. Because Islamic banks are considered not susceptible to the mortgage crisis that hit financial markets around the world in 2008, there is a rapid development of Islamic banking. Consequently, many conventional banks are open or convert Islamic business. The rapid development of the bank is also marked by the performance and health of the bank.This research aims to determine the differences of financial performance between pure Islamic banking and a hybrid Islamic banking (Islamic branches of conventional bank) in 2011 around the world. Method of research from this thesis is using the method of hypothesis testing which conducted by non-parametric statistics testing, Two Independent Sample Test: Mann-Whitney U. The result showed that there is a significant difference regarding financial performance between pure Islamic banking and hybrid Islamic banking all around the world, especially from the ratio of KAP, BOPO and FDR. CAR, NPM and ROA ratio showed that there is no significant difference regarding financial performance of pure Islamic banking and hybrid Islamic banking

Spatial Evidence for Transition Radiation in a Solar Radio Burst

Microturbulence, i.e. enhanced fluctuations of plasma density, electric and magnetic fields, is of great interest in astrophysical plasmas, but occurs on spatial scales far too small to resolve by remote sensing, e.g., at ~ 1-100 cm in the solar corona. This paper reports spatially resolved observations that offer strong support for the presence in solar flares of a suspected radio emission mechanism, resonant transition radiation, which is tightly coupled to the level of microturbulence and provides direct diagnostics of the existence and level of fluctuations on decimeter spatial scales. Although the level of the microturbulence derived from the radio data is not particularly high, /n^2 ~ 10^{-5}$, it is large enough to affect the charged particle diffusion and give rise to effective stochastic acceleration. This finding has exceptionally broad astrophysical implications since modern sophisticated numerical models predict generation of much stronger turbulence in relativistic objects, e.g., in gamma-ray burst sources.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, ApJL accepte

Neutrino oscillation probabilities: Sensitivity to parameters

We study in detail the sensitivity of neutrino oscillation probabilities to the fundamental neutrino parameters and their possible determination through experiments. The first part of the paper is devoted to the broad theme of isolating regions in the neutrino (and anti-neutrino) energy and propagation length that are sensitive to the oscillation parameters. Such a study is relevant to neutrinos both from the Earth's atmosphere or from a neutrino factory. For completeness we discuss the sensitivity, however small, to the parameters involved in a three-generation framework, and to the Earth matter density profile. We then study processes relevant to atmospheric neutrinos which are sensitive to and allow precision measurements of the mixing angle theta_23 and mass-squared difference delta_32 apart from the mixing angle theta_13. Crucial to this analysis is charge identification; detectors having this capability can isolate these matter effects. In particular, we address the issue of using matter effects to determine whether the mixing angle theta_23 is maximal, and, if not, to explore how well its octant can be determined. When realistic detector resolutions are included, we find that deviations of about 15% (20%) from a maximal value of sin^2 theta_23=1/2 can be measured at 95% (99%) CL provided theta_13 is non-zero, sin^2 theta_13 >= 0.015, and the neutrino mass ordering is normal, with fairly large exposures of 1000 kton-years.Comment: 37 pages Latex file, 30 eps figure files; minor typos fixe

Spatially resolved microwave pulsations of a flare loop

A microwave burst with quasi-periodic pulsations was studied with high spatial resolution using observations with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH). We found that the time profiles of the microwave emission at 17 and 34 GHz exhibit quasi-periodic (with two well defined periods P 1 = 14–17 s and P 2 = 8–11 s) variations of the intensity at different parts of an observed flaring loop. Detailed Fourier analysis shows the P 1 spectral component to be dominant at the top, while the P 2 one near the feet of the loop. The 14–17 s pulsations are synchronous at the top and in both legs of the loop. The 8–11 s pulsations at the legs are well correlated with each other but the correlation is not so obvious with the pulsations at the loop top. For this P 2 spectral component, a definite phase shift, P 2 /4 ≈ 2.2 s, between pulsations in the northern leg and loop top parts of the loop have been found. The length of the flaring loop is estimated as L = 25 Mm (≈34 ) and its average width at half intensity at 34 GHz as about 6 Mm (≈8 ). Microwave diagnostics shows the loop to be filled with a dense plasma with the number density n 0 ≈ 10 11 cm −3, penetrated by the magnetic field changing from B 0 ≈ 100 G near the loop top up to B 0 ≈ 200 G near the north footpoint. A comparative analysis of different MHD modes of the loop demonstrates the possibility of the simultaneous existence of two modes of oscillations in the loop: the global sausage mode, with the period P 1 = 14–17 s and the nodes at the footpoints, and a higher harmonics mode (possibly with the radial wave number l > 1), with P 2 = 8–11 s