POLICRYPS-based electrically switchable Bragg reflector

The formation and characterization of a switchable volume reflective element fabricated from a polymer liquid crystal (LC) polymer slice (POLICRYPS) structure by holographic photopolymerization at high temperature (65 °C) using a photosensitive/nematic liquid crystal prepolymer mixture is reported. The submicron Bragg structure formed consists of periodic continuous polymeric walls separated by periodic LC channels. The phase separated NLC self-aligns in a homeotropic alignment between the polymer walls as indicated by polarizing optical microscopy analysis (Maltese cross). The resulting periodic grating structure results in a Bragg reflection notch upon illumination with white light due to the periodic variation in refractive index. Electro-optical experiments realized through in-plane electrodes and temperature experiments confirm that the multilayer structure acts as a Bragg mirror whose reflection efficiency can be controlled by either a small (∼3V/μm) electric field or temperature

The Medieval British Legacy of the Founding Myth of Britain

The Medieval British Legacy of the Founding Myth of Britain” examines the historiographical development of the founding myth of Britain between the 9th and 14th centuries. This study begins with an overview of the Latin, Anglo-Norman French, Middle English, and Middle Welsh texts that transmit this founding myth across medieval Britain. The stylistic features and the motivations of the authors who are adapting this myth are addressed but the main objective of this overview is to introduce the texts in question and to start establishing the intertextual relationships between these works. The textual examination of the historiographical development of the founding myth focuses on how the figures of Brutus and Corineus are manipulated within the narrative and to what effect. This analysis starts with Brutus who becomes the eponymous founder of Britain and attention is given to Brutus’s legendary ancestry which is revised to give him a more prominent and legitimate position on the world stage. From here, the circumstances surrounding Brutus’s conception, the prophecy of his life, his act of patricide, and subsequent exile from Italy are discussed to reveal how Brutus’s legacy is gradually diminished over time by altering narrative details and omitting information. The conditions surrounding Brutus’s rise to power and his motivations for joining the Trojan cause are the next topics of concern before attention shifts to his martial exploits, the prophecy that he receives from the goddess Diana, and the scarcity of details concerning Brutus’s reign as the first king of Britain. An examination of Corineus and the role he plays in the founding myth of Britain follows starting with his introduction to the narrative and the nature of his relationship with Brutus. Corineus’s martial exploits and his wrestling match with the giant Goemagog as are also addressed along with the circumstances surrounding the founding of Cornwall. Ultimately, this dissertation provides new insights into the transmission and development of the founding myth of Britain and the intertextual relationships of the works that preserve and perpetuate this myth. These insights are the product of studying how the narratives surrounding the figures of Brutus and Corineus are manipulated by later adaptors and how the legacies of these men are used to shape the founding and construction of Britain

Welsh Manipulations of the Matter of Britain

Welsh Manipulations of the Matter of Britain examines the textual relationships between Geoffrey of Monmouth\u27s Historia regum Britanniae and the Welsh Brut y Brenhinedd in the Cotton Cleopatra manuscript. This thesis initially provides an overview of the existing scholarship surrounding the Welsh translations of Geoffrey\u27s Historia with a specific focus on the Cotton Cleopatra Brut. The textual examination of the two histories begins with an extended commentary on the general textual variations between the two texts before concentrating on the specific changes that were made in the Cotton Cleopatra to reflect the adapter\u27s pro-Welsh nationalistic and political biases. The general alterations allow the Cotton Cleopatra adapter to express his Welsh sympathies rather subtlety but these biases become more readily apparent with the examination of the changes made to the narratives of the early Trojans, the martial prowess of the Trojans and their British descendants, and the decline and eventual subjugation of Britain. The political contexts of the separate texts are also examined in terms of how the separate narratives were shaped by contemporary events. Ultimately, this thesis shows how the Cotton Cleopatra Brut is essentially a propaganda piece was modified by its translator to reflect and inflame the pro-Welsh nationalistic sentiments that developed shortly after the Edwardian conquest of Wales

An Access Control Model for Protecting Provenance Graphs

Postprin

Caddo Lake Archaeology: Phase I of Archaeological Investigations Along Harrison Bayou, Harrison County, Texas

An important part of the mission of the Caddo Lake Institute, Inc. and its Caddo Lake Scholars Program is the preservation and protection of the unique and irreplaceable cultural heritage of Caddo Lake and its bioregion, the Big Cypress Bayou watershed. The archaeology team of the Scholars Program is meeting these objectives with the initiation of the Harrison Bayou project by: (a) offering archaeological education and training of teachers, students, and potential mentors, (b) through fieldwork and research, identifying, assessing, and designating archaeological, historical, and cultural resources of the Caddo Lake bioregion, and ( c) formulating and implementing strategies for protecting the bioregion\u27s significant cultural resources

Archaeological Survey Investigations of Private Land within the boundaries of the proposed Lower Bois d’Arc Creek Reservoir Project, Fannin County, Texas

At the request of a private landowner that has property within the boundaries of the proposed Lower Bois d’Arc Creek Reservoir in Fannin County, we completed volunteer archaeological survey investigations on a portion of this tract of private land on July 18, 2015. The proposed Lower Bois d’Arc Creek Reservoir is to be more than 16,500 acres in size; the project sponsor is the North Texas Municipal Water District, and the Tulsa District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is currently reviewing the project sponsor’s application for a Department of the Army permit under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act to construct the reservoir and associated facilities. Although the project area associated with the proposed reservoir is more than 17,000 acres, only 5,000 acres of the proposed project have received an archaeological survey. Based on consultation between the project sponsor, the Texas Historical Commission, and the Tulsa District, the remainder of the project area will apparently not receive archaeological survey investigations. The private lands we have investigated along Bois d’Arc Creek in the proposed reservoir area have not been examined previously by a professional archaeological survey team; these lands will be inundated by the flood pool of the reservoir as currently proposed. The landowner had contacted the Tulsa District in 2008 to inform them that there were archaeological sites on the property, but the Tulsa District has yet to follow up on that information

Loss of visual working memory within seconds: The combined use of refreshable and non-refreshable features

We re-examine the role of time in the loss of information from working memory, the limited information accessible for cognitive tasks. The controversial issue of whether working memory deteriorates over time was investigated using arrays of unconventional visual characters. Each array was followed by a post-perceptual mask, a variable retention interval (RI), and a recognition probe character. Dramatic forgetting across an unfilled RI of up to 6 s was observed. Adding a distracting task during the RI (repetition, subtraction, or parity judgment using spoken digits) lowered the level of recall, but not increasingly so across RIs. Also, arrays of English letters were not forgotten during the RI unless distracting stimuli were included, in contrast to the finding for unconventional characters. The results suggest that unconventional visual items include some features inevitably lost over time. Attention-related processing, however, assists in the retention of other features, and of English letters. We identify important constraints for working memory theories and propose that an equilibrium between forgetting and reactivation holds, but only for elements that are not inevitably lost over time

Control of the plasmonic resonance of a graphene coated plasmonic nanoparticle array combined with a nematic liquid crystal

We report on the fabrication and characterization of a switchable plasmonic device based on a conductive graphene oxide (cGO) coated plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) array, layered with nematic liquid crystal (NLC) as an active medium. A monolayer of NPs has been immobilized on a glass substrate through electrostatic interaction, and then grown in place using nanochemistry. This monolayer is then coated with a thin (less then 100nm) cGO film which acts simultaneously as both an electro-conductive and active medium. The combination of the conductive NP array with a separate top cover substrate having both cGO and a standard LC alignment layer is used for aligning a NLC film in a hybrid configuration. The system is analysed in terms of morphological and electro-optical properties. The spectral response of the sample characterized after each element is added (air, cGO, NLC) reveals a red-shift of the localized plasmonic resonance (LPR) frequency of approximately 62nm with respect to the NP array surrounded by air. The application of an external voltage (8Vpp) is suitable to modulate (blue shift) the LPR frequency by approximately 22nm

Functional Evaluation of Bacteriophage T4 Rad50 Signature Motif Residues

The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is essential to maintaining the integrity of the genome, and organisms have evolved a conserved mechanism to facilitate their repair. In eukaryotes, archaea, and some bacteriophage, a complex made up of Mre11 and Rad50 (MR complex), which are a nuclease and ATPase, respectively, is involved in the initial processing of DSBs. Rad50 is a member of the ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) protein superfamily, the members of which contain an important Signature motif that acts in trans to complete the dimeric ATP binding site. To explore the functional relevance of this motif, four of its five residues were mutated in bacteriophage T4 Rad50, and their respective ATPase and nuclease activities were evaluated. The mutations reveal the functional roles of the Signature motif in ATP binding, hydrolysis, and cooperativity. In several mutants, the degree of DNA activation of ATP hydrolysis activity is reduced, indicating that the Signature motif is involved in allosteric signal transmission between the DNA and ATP binding sites of the MR complex. ATP hydrolysis is not required for nuclease activity when the probe is near the beginning of the DNA substrate; however, when an internal probe is used, decreases in ATPase activity have substantial effects on nuclease activity, suggesting that ATP hydrolysis is involved in translocation of the complex. Unexpectedly, the ATP hydrolysis and nuclease activities are not directly correlated with each other, and each mutation appears to differentially affect the exonuclease activity of Mre11

Insulated Blackness: The Cause for Fracture in Black Political Identity

The Black Political Identity is often treated as a monolith in American politics, with interest groups and political parties employing blanket policy solutions to appease and engage African Americans. However, observations and scholarship show that Black Americans are not monolithic, possessing divergent views about social policies, so much so that some Black Americans can hold political positions that are oppositional to collective Black advancement. Therefore, this work theorizes the concept of insulated Blackness – the extent to which self-identified African Americans oppose pro-Black remedial policies and/or disagree with commonly held ideologies about the Black condition, as a result of an existence insulated from frequent experiences of racial discrimination. This analysis will use the 2016 American National Election Study to assess experientially constructed political Blackness in terms of policies and ideologies considered synonymous with Blackness. The analysis also presents predicted probability models that demonstrate that political Blackness is rooted in the heightened racial discrimination experiences. We conclude that self-identified Blacks may exist outside of the identity of political Blackness because they perceive they are insulated from racial discrimination