Partial ownership arrangements in the Japanese automobile industry; 1990-2000

The end of the 1990’s saw a number of foreign automobile manufacturers become the largest shareholders in several Japanese automobile manufacturers. It seems logical to conclude that a firm only enters into a partial ownership arrangement (POA) if it is profit maximizing. However, research to date has treated POAs as if exogenous to the model. This paper develops a model that assumes POAs are determined endogenously. Data for the Japanese automobile industry are then used to investigate the factors that determine whether a firm enters into a POA, and the effects a POA has on the price-cost margin. The findings of this paper suggest that while both foreign and domestic firms take an interest in product mix when exploring POAs in the Japanese market, they have differing profit incentives. Furthermore, the level of ownership has a positive effect on POAs.partial ownership arrangements, price-cost margin, technology transfers

Joint numerical range and its generating hypersurface

AbstractIn this paper, we study the joint numerical range of m-tuples of Hermitian matrices via their generating hypersurfaces. An example is presented which shows the invalidity of an analogous Kippenhahn theorem for the joint numerical range of three Hermitian matrices

Convexity of the Krein space tracial numerical range and Morse theory

In this paper we present a Krein space convexity theorem on the tracial-numerical range of a matrix. This theorem is the analogue of Westwick's theorem. The proof is an application of Morse theory

The numerical range of some periodic tridiagonal operators is the convex hull of the numerical ranges of two finite matrices

In this paper we prove a conjecture stated by the first two authors in \cite{IM} establishing the closure of the numerical range of a certain class of $n+1$-periodic tridiagonal operators as the convex hull of the numerical ranges of two tridiagonal $(n+1) \times (n+1)$ matrices. Furthermore, when $n+1$ is odd, we show that the size of such matrices simplifies to $\frac{n}{2}+1$

Roadside LiDAR Assisted Cooperative Localization for Connected Autonomous Vehicles

Advancements in LiDAR technology have led to more cost-effective production while simultaneously improving precision and resolution. As a result, LiDAR has become integral to vehicle localization, achieving centimeter-level accuracy through techniques like Normal Distributions Transform (NDT) and other advanced 3D registration algorithms. Nonetheless, these approaches are reliant on high-definition 3D point cloud maps, the creation of which involves significant expenditure. When such maps are unavailable or lack sufficient features for 3D registration algorithms, localization accuracy diminishes, posing a risk to road safety. To address this, we proposed to use LiDAR-equipped roadside unit and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication to accurately estimate the connected autonomous vehicle's position and help the vehicle when its self-localization is not accurate enough. Our simulation results indicate that this method outperforms traditional NDT scan matching-based approaches in terms of localization accuracy.Comment: Accepted by 2023 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and its Emerging Application

The numerical range of periodic banded Toeplitz operators

We prove that the closure of the numerical range of a $(n+1)$-periodic and $(2m+1)$-banded Toeplitz operator can be expressed as the closure of the convex hull of the uncountable union of numerical ranges of certain symbol matrices. In contrast to the periodic $3$-banded (or tridiagonal) case, we show an example of a $2$-periodic and $5$-banded Toeplitz operator such that the closure of its numerical range is not equal to the numerical range of a single finite matrix.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur