931 research outputs found
The Response of Federal Transfers to Measures of Social Need in Russia's Regions
Do Russian federal expenditures serve to reduce regional inequality, to insure against exogenous shocks, or to compensate regions for low tax capacity? Do sub-national governments appear to engage in strategic behavior in attempting to influence central governmental transfers? Using a panel data base coving Russia’s regions during the period after the Russian financial crisis, we find that federal administrative employment in a region has a strong positive effect on federal transfers to the region, but that there is little evidence that federal expenditures serve to reduce levels of regional inequality and no evidence that changes in federal transfers respond to changes in “social needs” during the period studied.
Sensory Competition in the Face Processing Areas of the Human Brain
The concurrent presentation of multiple stimuli in the visual field may trigger mutually suppressive interactions throughout the ventral visual stream. While several studies have been performed on sensory competition effects among non-face stimuli relatively little is known about the interactions in the human brain for multiple face stimuli. In the present study we analyzed the neuronal basis of sensory competition in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study using multiple face stimuli. We varied the ratio of faces and phase-noise images within a composite display with a constant number of peripheral stimuli, thereby manipulating the competitive interactions between faces. For contralaterally presented stimuli we observed strong competition effects in the fusiform face area (FFA) bilaterally and in the right lateral occipital area (LOC), but not in the occipital face area (OFA), suggesting their different roles in sensory competition. When we increased the spatial distance among pairs of faces the magnitude of suppressive interactions was reduced in the FFA. Surprisingly, the magnitude of competition depended on the visual hemifield of the stimuli: ipsilateral stimulation reduced the competition effects somewhat in the right LOC while it increased them in the left LOC. This suggests a left hemifield dominance of sensory competition. Our results support the sensory competition theory in the processing of multiple faces and suggests that sensory competition occurs in several cortical areas in both cerebral hemispheres
Az ATP-szenzitĂv káliumion-csatorna nyitĂłk neuroprotektĂv hatásának vizsgálata ĂşjszĂĽlött malacban = The neuroprotective effect of ATP-sensitive potassium channel openers in piglets
A pályázat cĂ©lja az mitokondriális ATP-szenzitĂv káliumcsatorna (mitoKATP) nyitĂłk közĂ© tartozĂł diazoxid direkt Ă©s indirekt neuroprotektĂv hatásának vizsgálata volt az ĂşjszĂĽlött malacban. A pályázattal kapcsolatos kutatások során az alábbi lĂ©nyeges megállapĂtásokat tettĂĽk: 1. A diazoxid direkt protektĂv hatást fejt ki hippocampus CA1 piramissejtek mitokondriumaiban in vivo globális iszkĂ©mia/reperfĂşziĂłt (I/R) követĹ‘en. 2. A diazoxid I/R után protektĂv hatást fejt ki a vaszkuláris endotĂ©lium-fĂĽggĹ‘ Ă©rreakciĂłra is. 3. A diazoxid malac cerebrovaszkuláris agyi endotĂ©lsejtekben depolarizálja a mitokondriumokat egybehangzĂłan a diazoxid mitoKATP nyitĂł hatásával. Továbbá, az 5-hidroxidekanoát (5HD), a mitoKATP gátlĂłszere antagonizálta mind a neuronokon mind vaszkuláris endotheliumon kialakulĂł protektĂv hatást. 4. A ciklooxigenáz (COX)-2 gátlĂł NS-398 nem hoz lĂ©tre a diazoxidhoz hasonlĂł protektĂv hatást. 5. A diazoxid vizsgálata közben Ăşj megállapĂtásokat tettĂĽnk a diazoxid neuro-vaszkuláris protektĂv hatásához kapcsolĂłdĂł cerebrovaszkuláris reakciĂłk mechanizmusárĂłl. | The project aimed to study the possible direct and indirect neuroprotective effect of diazoxide ? a mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium (mitoKATP) channel opener- in newborn pigs. Our major findings were the following: 1. Diazoxide exerts direct neuronal effects in vivo. Diazoxide has been shown to prevent swelling and Ca2+ accumulation in mitochondria of CA1 pyramidal cells following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). 2. Diazoxide also preserves the endothelium-dependent pial arteriolar reactions following I/R. 3. In primary piglet cerebrovascular endothelial cell cultures, diazoxide significantly depolarized mitochondria in accordance with effect on mitoKATP channels. Further, 5-hydroxydecanoate(5HD) ? a mitoKATP inhibitor ? antagonized the protective effects of diazoxide both on the neurons and vascular endothelial cells. 4. In contrast to diazoxide, NS-398 ? a selective cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 inhibitor) did not prevent the attenuation of hypercapnia-induced vasodilation after I/R. 5. We made new observations on the mechanism of various cerebrovascular reactions related to the neuronal-vascular protective effect of diazoxide
Regulating health communication in the post-truth era
As a global epidemic of the social media age, COVID-19 has also resulted in an “infodemic”, that means the uncontrolled spreading of false information about the health situation. Spreading of health information is a special intersection point of the freedom of speech, freedom of science and the fundamental right to life and health. The paper analyses the European and Hungarian legal framework of the health communication from multiple perspectives. The regulatory challenges and solutions are different concerning the professional health communication, the commercial communication and the health communication by laypersons. As with all forms of misinformation, private regulations of the platform operators have a significant regulatory role to play in relation to health disinformation. As a result of the analysis, the paper provides a detailed regulatory map that also covers private regulation solutions and explores the factors that need to be considered when designing a comprehensive future regulation
HidrogĂ©nhĂd-kötĂ©s hatása a nĂlusvörös Ă©s az N-(4-piridil)-1,2- naftálimid fluoreszcenciás sajátságaira
A molekulaszerkezet és a gerjesztett állapot energiavesztési
módjai közötti kapcsolat tanulmányozása iránt világszerte
széleskörű érdeklődés tapasztalható, hiszen a feltárt
eredmények nemcsak elméleti szempontból fontosak, hanem
elĹ‘segĂtik a fĂ©ny hatására lejátszĂłdĂł folyamatok gazdaságos
megvalĂłsĂtását is. A hidrogĂ©nhĂd-kötĂ©s alapvetĹ‘ szerepet
játszik például biológiai folyamatokban, önszerveződő
szupramolekuláris rendszerekben vagy molekulák szelektĂv
kötődésekor. A szakirodalomban mégis alig találhatók olyan
munkák, melyek szisztematikusan tanulmányozták volna
a hidrogĂ©nhĂd-kötĂ©s hatását gerjesztett állapotbĂłl kiindulĂł
folyamatokra. Nem ismertek általános törvényszerűségek,
melyek alapján megjĂłsolhatĂł lenne, hogy a hidrogĂ©nhĂdkomplex
kĂ©pzĹ‘dĂ©s mikĂ©nt mĂłdosĂtja a gerjesztett molekulák
energiavesztési folyamatainak fő irányát és kinetikáját.
Az utóbbi években végzett kutatásainkkal e kérdések
megválaszolásához kĂvántunk hozzájárulni
Isoperimetrically optimal polygons in the triangular grid with Jordan-type neighbourhood on the boundary
Sorbent Mass Variation Method: A New Possibility for the Determination of Binding Isotherms.
Measurement of equilibrium mass fraction of a surfactant as a function of the sorbent mass fraction was performed on gel sorbent-solution systems in order to determine binding isotherms and to calculate fundamental characteristics of the solvation layer. With application of this new method, it was possible to calculate specific solvation/sorption capacity and absolute average local composition of the solvation layer. It has been pointed out by systematic variation of the composition (hydrophobicity) and degree of cross-linking of the gel sorbents that the ratio of components in the solvation layer can be constant in a given range of equilibrium mass fraction of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and that the specific solvation/sorption capacity of gel sorbents can be much greater than that of activated carbon type adsorbents. On the basis of a mixed sorbent model, it turned out from calculations that there is no preferential binding of SDS close to the chemical cross-links and that the surfactant molecules prefer vinyl acetate groups as binding sites. The density of cross-links regulates the aggregation number of the bound surfactant as well. For loose gels, both binding isotherms and swelling curves show that the surfactant-polymer interaction is a strongly cooperative process. The result of these experiments may influence the general concept of solvation/sorption isotherms and all related phenomena
Examination of Social Innovation Potential Characteristics in the Example of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
This study defines a process-oriented framework for measuring social innovation. The paper presents a practical example of measuring social innovation potential. We introduce the indicator groups used and their contents. Through a map interpretation we demonstrate the spatial representation of the input, output, impact and complex indicators. The objective of this approach is to draw attention to the settlements/groups of settlements where the socio-economic bases of social innovations can best be found in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County
ProfesszionalizáciĂł- Ă©s professziĂłelmĂ©letek a segĂtĹ‘ hivatások tĂĽkrĂ©ben
A tanulmány kĂ©t professziĂł, a szociális munka Ă©s a pedagĂłgushivatás sajátosságait elemzi. A kĂ©t szakterĂĽlet közti hasonlĂłságok Ă©s kĂĽlönbsĂ©gek feltárását a professziĂłdiskurzusban fellelhetĹ‘ elmĂ©letekbe ágyazva vĂ©geztem el. A tanulmány a segĂtĹ‘ szakmák lĂ©nyegĂ©re fĂłkuszálĂł teoretikus kĂ©rdĂ©sekben kĂván szakirodalmi áttekintĂ©st nyĂşjtani. A dolgozat cĂ©lja egyrĂ©szt a professzionalizáciĂłval, professziĂłkkal foglalkozĂł elmĂ©letek irányzatainak elkĂĽlönĂtĂ©se, másrĂ©szt pedig annak bemutatása, hogy a pedagĂłgus- Ă©s szociális munkás hivatásokkal mint professziĂłkkal kapcsolatban milyen dilemmák, nehĂ©zsĂ©gek jelentkeznek az elmĂ©letek Ă©rtelmezĂ©se, alkalmazhatĂłsága terĂ©n. 
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