Participants of the Delphi consultation.

<p>Participants of the Delphi consultation.</p

STROBE-nut: An extension of the STROBE statement for nutritional epidemiology.

<p>STROBE-nut: An extension of the STROBE statement for nutritional epidemiology.</p

Additional file 2: of Evaluation of the international standardized 24-h dietary recall methodology (GloboDiet) for potential application in research and surveillance within African settings

Evaluation questionnaire in English. (PDF 505 kb

Nachhaltigkeit in der Gemeinschaftsverpflegung : das Forschungsprojekt NAHGAST

<p>Means are adjusted for age, sex, height, weight and energy and weighted for day and season of recall (N = 34,436). The reference circle of the radius (100%) correspond to the ‘EPIC means’ and the spikes indicate the deviation of the specific nutrient mean in quintiles of pattern scores from the reference ‘EPIC means’.</p

Combined Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Prospective Change in Body Weight and Waist Circumference in Participants of the EPIC-PANACEA Study

<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The evidence that individual dietary and lifestyle factors influence a person’s weight and waist circumference is well established; however their combined impact is less well documented. Therefore, we investigated the combined effect of physical activity, nutrition and smoking status on prospective gain in body weight and waist circumference.</p> <h3>Methods</h3><p>We used data of the prospective EPIC-PANACEA study. Between 1992 and 2000, 325,537 participants (94,445 men and 231,092 women, aged between 25–70) were recruited from nine European countries. Participants were categorised into two groups (positive or negative health behaviours) for each of the following being physically active, adherent to a healthy (Mediterranean not including alcohol) diet, and never-smoking for a total score ranging from zero to three. Anthropometric measures were taken at baseline and were mainly self-reported after a medium follow-up time of 5 years.</p> <h3>Results</h3><p>Mixed-effects linear regression models adjusted for age, educational level, alcohol consumption, baseline body mass index and follow-up time showed that men and women who reported to be physically active, never-smoking and adherent to the Mediterranean diet gained over a 5-year period 537 (95% CI −706, −368) and 200 (−478, −87) gram less weight and 0.95 (−1.27, −0.639) and 0.99 (−1.29, −0.69) cm less waist circumference, respectively, compared to participants with zero healthy behaviours.</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The combination of positive health behaviours was associated with significantly lower weight and waist circumference gain.</p> </div

Inventory on the dietary assessment tools available and needed in africa: a prerequisite for setting up a common methodological research infrastructure for nutritional surveillance, research, and prevention of diet-related non-communicable diseases

<p><i>Objective:</i> To carry out an inventory on the availability, challenges, and needs of dietary assessment (DA) methods in Africa as a pre-requisite to provide evidence, and set directions (strategies) for implementing common dietary methods and support web-research infrastructure across countries. <i>Methods:</i> The inventory was performed within the framework of the “Africa's Study on Physical Activity and Dietary Assessment Methods” (AS-PADAM) project. It involves international institutional and African networks. An inventory questionnaire was developed and disseminated through the networks. Eighteen countries responded to the dietary inventory questionnaire. <i>Results:</i> Various DA tools were reported in Africa; 24-Hour Dietary Recall and Food Frequency Questionnaire were the most commonly used tools. Few tools were validated and tested for reliability. Face-to-face interview was the common method of administration. No computerized software or other new (web) technologies were reported. No tools were standardized across countries. <i>Conclusions:</i> The lack of comparable DA methods across represented countries is a major obstacle to implement comprehensive and joint nutrition-related programmes for surveillance, programme evaluation, research, and prevention. There is a need to develop new or adapt existing DA methods across countries by employing related research infrastructure that has been validated and standardized in other settings, with the view to standardizing methods for wider use.</p

The associations between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and percent of weight change at 5 years were investigated using a multinomial logistic regression model.

<p>The percent of weight change at 5 years was estimated as (weightat 5 years minus weight at baseline/weight at baseline)*100, and expressed as a percentage. Weight change during the follow-up was categorized according to tertiles considering the middle category as the reference category (i.e. stable weight at 5 years in %, -1.59;2.83%). The highest tertile (3, weight gain in %, >2.83%) and the lowest (1, weight loss in %, <-1.59%) were compared to the reference category. Exposure variables (fatty acid concentrations 2 log-transformed) were modeled as continuous variables. The model was adjusted by length of follow-up, age, energy and alcohol intakes, smoking status, physical activity, and region. Analyses were carried out for women and men separately.</p

The EPIC regions (n = 16) were ordered from South to North.

<p>These geographical regions were designated by grouping some of the 23 EPIC centers together: France (Paris and surroundings), Northern Italy (Varese), Central Italy (Florence), Southern Italy (Naples), Northern Spain (San Sebastian, Navarra, Asturias), South-Eastern Spain (Murcia), Southern Spain (Granada), Greece (Athens and other regions), Northern Sweden (Umeå), Southern Sweden (Malmö), Denmark (Aarhus and Copenhagen), UK (Oxford, the health conscious group, vegans and ovo-lacto-vegetarians), UK (Cambridge, the General population), The Netherlands (Utrecht and Bilthoven), former East Germany (Potsdam), and South-West Germany (Heidelberg).</p

Association of the fatty acid pattern score with incidence of type 2 diabetes: EPIC -InterAct (<i>n</i> = 27,296).

<p>Association of the fatty acid pattern score with incidence of type 2 diabetes: EPIC -InterAct (<i>n</i> = 27,296).</p

Principal components and clusters of 27 fatty acids in the EPIC-InterAct sub-cohort (<i>n</i> = 15,919).

<p>Top: The proportion of total variance of 27 fatty acids explained by each principal component. Bottom: Hierarchical cluster tree on the left and factor loadings (measures of contributions of fatty acids to principal components) on the right.</p