A study on radiological outcomes of accelerometer based hand held navigation system in total knee arthroplasty

Background: The goal of obtaining more accurate component alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has led to the development of techniques like portable accelerometer-based handheld navigation system, computer assisted system, patient specific instrumentation. Among which hand held navigation has showed promising results for achieving accurate resection and alignment and only few studies were done to assess radiological outcome or the effective component alignment using portable accelerometer-based hand held navigation system in TKA.Methods: TKA using portable accelerometer-based hand held navigation system (Smith and Nephew- knee align) was done on 25 knees with primary osteoarthritis. Preoperative and post-operative mechanical axis and component alignments were measured using hip-to-ankle radiographs.Results: Among the femoral components, 92.0% were placed within 90°±2° to the femoral mechanical axis in the coronal and   96.0% of the tibial components were placed within 90°±2° to the mechanical axis in the coronal plane, 94.3% of the TKAs had an overall lower extremity alignment within 3° of neutral to the mechanical axis, based on postoperative hip-to-ankle radiographs.Conclusions: The degree of accuracy in positioning the femoral and tibial component in TKA using portable accelerometer-based hand held navigation system (knee align) is very much promising and is an effective intraoperative tool for reducing the proportion of outliers for component placement and thus decreasing the chances of instability and early wear and tear of the components in TKA

Functional outcomes after modified Sauve-Kapandji arthrodesis for distal radioulnar joint dysfunction

Background: The distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) dysfunction manifests as pain, weakness and reduced range of motion. There are various treatments for DRUJ dysfunction. Modified Sauvé-Kapandji procedure involves arthrodesis of the distal radioulnar joint combined with the creation of a pseudarthrosis of the distal ulna to maintain forearm pronation and supination, and stabilization of proximal ulnar stump. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure for patients with DRUJ dysfunction.Methods: Fourteen patients with DRUJ dysfunction were treated by modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure and followed up for 2 years post-operatively. Functional assessment was evaluated according to modified mayo wrist score (MMWS) system and severity of pain by visual analog scale. Posteroanterior and lateral radiographs were used to assess fusion.Results: There was a significant improvement in VAS of wrist pain (p<0.001) and MMWS (p<0.001) at 2 years follow up. Excellent outcome was reported in 64.3% (n=9) patients. Radiographic fusion was seen in all 14 cases.Conclusions: The modified Sauve-Kapandji procedure for DRUJ dysfunction is a safe and effective procedure with excellent radiological fusion and significant improvement in functional outcomes.

Is large femoral head a better option than a conventional femoral head primary total hip arthroplasty in Indian population

Background: Study aimed to assess and compare the functional outcome in patients underwent the large femoral head THA and conventional femoral head THA.Methods: It is a comparative prospective cross sectional study conducted among the patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty through postero-lateral approach at department of orthopaedics Vydehi institute of medical sciences, Bengaluru during the period of July 2017 to July 2019. Patients aged between 18-80years of both genders undergoing Primary THA for Osteoarthritis (OA), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), Post traumatic arthritis, Avascular necrosis (AVN), Acute fracture neck of femur, Non-union fracture neck of femur (NOF). Patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty in Intertrochanteric fracture, Acetabular fracture and patients undergoing Revision Hip Arthroplasty were excluded from study. Patients were grouped as the ones treated with large femoral head THA and conventional femoral head THA.Results: This series consisted of 36 patients with 44 diseased hips treated with primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). Out of 36 patients, 9 patients (25%) belonged to an age group of below 30 years of age, 10 patients (27.8%) belonged to the age group between 31-40 years of age, 8 patients (22.2%) belonged to the age group 41-51 years of age and 9 patients (25%) belonged to age group of 51-60 years of age. The mean level of Modified Harris Hip score and improvement of movements in all planes was found to be statistically significantly in the patients treated with large femoral head primary THA compared to those treated with conventional method. (p<0.001)Conclusions: Study has shown improved functional outcome (Modified harris hip score) and range of movement in the patients treated with the large femoral head primary THA as compared to those treated with a conventional femoral head

A clinical study to evaluate the effect of Dashamoola Trivrit Taila Paana in Kashtartava w.s.r. Dysmenorrhoea

Dysmenorrhoea means difficult menstruation but the term is used to mean painful menstruation, but a more practical definition includes cases of painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities.[1] Kashtartava is Pratyama Laxana of various Yonivyapads like - Vatala, Paripluta, Udavartini, Mahayoni, Antarmukhi, Sukimukki and also in Vataja Artava Dhushti, Khsina Artava Dhushuti, Asrgdara that affects approximately 50% of menstruating women. It is common reason for losing time at school or work or for visiting the family doctor. Pain is the biggest problem since the beginning of mankind. Morbid Vata Dosha especially Apana Vata is causative factor of Kashtartava. Drugs which have Vatahara Artava Doshahara properties are beneficial. Considering the morbidity and the complications that are caused by Kashtartava, combination of above herbal preparation has been tried here. Here, in this study Dashmoola Trivrit Taila having property of Shula Prashamana Vatanulomana and Vatashamaka is indicated in the form of Paana

A green chemistry-based classification model for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles

The assessment of the implementation of green chemistry principles in the syntheses of nanomaterials is a complex decision-making problem that necessitates the integration of several evaluation criteria. Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA) provides support for such a challenge. One of its methods – Dominance-based Rough Set Approach (DRSA) – was used in this research to develop a model for the green chemistry-based classification of silver nanoparticle synthesis protocols into preference-ordered performance classes. DRSA allowed integration of knowledge from both peer-reviewed literature and experts (decision makers, DMs) in the field, resulting in a model composed of decision rules that are logical statements in the form: “if conditions, then decision”. The approach provides the basis for the design of rules for the greener synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Decision rules are supported by synthesis protocols that enforce the principles of green chemistry to various extents, resulting in robust recommendations for the development and assessment of silver nanoparticle synthesis that perform at one of five pre-determined levels. The DRSA-based approach is transparent and structured and can be easily updated. New perspectives and criteria could be added into the model if relevant data were available and domain-specific experts could collaborate through the MCDA procedure

Co-constructive development of a green chemistry-based model for the assessment of nanoparticles synthesis

Nanomaterials (materials at the nanoscale, 10−9m) are extensively used in several industry sectors due to the improved properties they empower commercial products with. There is a pressing need to produce these materials more sustainably. This paper proposes a Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA) approach to assess the implementation of green chemistry principles as applied to the protocols for nanoparticles synthesis. In the presence of multiple green and environmentally oriented criteria, decision aiding is performed with a synergy of ordinal regression methods; preference information in the form of desired assignment for a subset of reference protocols is accepted. The classification models, indirectly derived from such information, are composed of an additive value function and a vector of thresholds separating the pre-defined and ordered classes. The method delivers a single representative model that is used to assess the relative importance of the criteria, identify the possible gains with improvement of the protocol’s evaluations and classify the non-reference protocols. Such precise recommendation is validated against the outcomes of robustness analysis exploiting the sets of all classification models compatible with all maximal subsets of consistent assignment examples. The introduced approach is used with real-world data concerning silver nanoparticles. It is proven to effectively resolve inconsistency in the assignment examples, tolerate ordinal and cardinal measurement scales, differentiate between inter- and intra-criteria attractiveness and deliver easily interpretable scores and class assignments. This work thoroughly discusses the learning insights that MCDA provided during the co-constructive development of the classification model, distinguishing between problem structuring, preference elicitation, learning, modeling and problem-solving stages

Magnetically recoverable TiO2-WO3 photocatalyst to oxidize bisphenol A from model wastewater under simulated solar light

A novel magnetically recoverable, visible light active TiO2-WO3 composite (Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-WO3) was prepared to enable the photocatalyst recovery after the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under simulated solar light. For comparison, the photocatalytic activity of other materials such as non-magnetic TiO2-WO3, Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2, TiO2, and the commercial TiO2 P25 was also evaluated under the studied experimental conditions. The structure and morphology of the synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and electron dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and magnetic properties of the samples were determined. The Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2-WO3 and TiO2-WO3 led to a BPA degradation of 17.50 and 27.92 %, respectively, after 2 h of the simulated solar light irradiation. Even though their activity was lower than that of P25, which degraded completely BPA after 1 h, our catalysts were magnetically separable for their further reuse in the treatment. Furthermore, the influence of the water matrix in the photocatalytic activity of the samples was studied in municipal wastewater. Finally, the identification of reaction intermediates was performed and a possible BPA degradation pathway was proposed to provide a better understanding of the degradation process

Wireless Communications at 60 GHz: A Single-Chip Solution on CMOS Technology

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Environmentally friendly synthesized and magnetically recoverable designed ferrite photo-catalysts for wastewater treatment applications

Fenton processes are promising wastewater treatment alternatives for bio-recalcitrant compounds. Three different methods (i.e., reverse microemulsion, sol-gel, and combustion) were designed to synthesize environmentally friendly ferrites as magnetically recoverable catalysts to be applied for the decomposition of two pharmaceuticals (ciprofloxacin and carbamazepine) that are frequently detected in water bodies. The catalysts were used in a heterogeneous solar photo-Fenton treatment to save the cost of applying high-energy UV radiation sources, and was performed under a slightly basic pH to avoid metal leaching and adding salts for pH adjustment. All the developed catalysts resulted in the effective treatment of ciprofloxacin and carbamazepine in both synthetic and real domestic wastewater. In particular, the sol-gel synthesized ferrite was more magnetic and more suitable for reuse. The degradation pathways of both compounds were elucidated for this treatment. The degradation of ciprofloxacin involved attacks to the quinolone and piperazine rings. The degradation pathway of carbamazepine involved the formation of hydroxyl carbamazepine and dihydroxy carbamazepine before yielding acridine by hydrogen abstraction, decarboxylation, and amine cleavage, which would be further oxidized