8,713 research outputs found
Small scale noise and wind tunnel tests of upper surface blowing nozzle flap concepts. Volume 1. Aerodynamic test results
The results and analyses of aerodynamic and acoustic studies conducted on the small scale noise and wind tunnel tests of upper surface blowing nozzle flap concepts are presented. Various types of nozzle flap concepts were tested. These are an upper surface blowing concept with a multiple slot arrangement with seven slots (seven slotted nozzle), an upper surface blowing type with a large nozzle exit at approximately mid-chord location in conjunction with a powered trailing edge flap with multiple slots (split flow or partially slotted nozzle). In addition, aerodynamic tests were continued on a similar multi-slotted nozzle flap, but with 14 slots. All three types of nozzle flap concepts tested appear to be about equal in overall aerodynamic performance but with the split flow nozzle somewhat better than the other two nozzle flaps in the landing approach mode. All nozzle flaps can be deflected to a large angle to increase drag without significant loss in lift. The nozzle flap concepts appear to be viable aerodynamic drag modulation devices for landing
Pairing instabilities in quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases
We study non-equilibrium dynamics of ultracold two-component Fermi gases in
low-dimensional geometries after the interactions are quenched from weakly
interacting to strongly interacting regime. We develop a T-matrix formalism
that takes into account the interplay between Pauli blocking and tight
confinement in low-dimensional geometries. We employ our formalism to study the
formation of molecules in quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases near Feshbach
resonance and show that the rate at which molecules form depends strongly on
the transverse confinement. Furthermore, Pauli blocking gives rise to a sizable
correction to the binding energy of molecules.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Influence of self-gravity on the runaway instability of black hole-torus systems
Results from the first fully general relativistic numerical simulations in
axisymmetry of a system formed by a black hole surrounded by a self-gravitating
torus in equilibrium are presented, aiming to assess the influence of the torus
self-gravity on the onset of the runaway instability. We consider several
models with varying torus-to-black hole mass ratio and angular momentum
distribution orbiting in equilibrium around a non-rotating black hole. The tori
are perturbed to induce the mass transfer towards the black hole. Our numerical
simulations show that all models exhibit a persistent phase of axisymmetric
oscillations around their equilibria for several dynamical timescales without
the appearance of the runaway instability, indicating that the self-gravity of
the torus does not play a critical role favoring the onset of the instability,
at least during the first few dynamical timescales.Comment: To appear on Phys.Rev.Let
Secure Grouping Protocol Using a Deck of Cards
We consider a problem, which we call secure grouping, of dividing a number of
parties into some subsets (groups) in the following manner: Each party has to
know the other members of his/her group, while he/she may not know anything
about how the remaining parties are divided (except for certain public
predetermined constraints, such as the number of parties in each group). In
this paper, we construct an information-theoretically secure protocol using a
deck of physical cards to solve the problem, which is jointly executable by the
parties themselves without a trusted third party. Despite the non-triviality
and the potential usefulness of the secure grouping, our proposed protocol is
fairly simple to describe and execute. Our protocol is based on algebraic
properties of conjugate permutations. A key ingredient of our protocol is our
new techniques to apply multiplication and inverse operations to hidden
permutations (i.e., those encoded by using face-down cards), which would be of
independent interest and would have various potential applications
Quantizing Majorana Fermions in a Superconductor
A Dirac-type matrix equation governs surface excitations in a topological
insulator in contact with an s-wave superconductor. The order parameter can be
homogenous or vortex valued. In the homogenous case a winding number can be
defined whose non-vanishing value signals topological effects. A vortex leads
to a static, isolated, zero energy solution. Its mode function is real, and has
been called "Majorana." Here we demonstrate that the reality/Majorana feature
is not confined to the zero energy mode, but characterizes the full quantum
field. In a four-component description a change of basis for the relevant
matrices renders the Hamiltonian imaginary and the full, space-time dependent
field is real, as is the case for the relativistic Majorana equation in the
Majorana matrix representation. More broadly, we show that the Majorana
quantization procedure is generic to superconductors, with or without the Dirac
structure, and follows from the constraints of fermionic statistics on the
symmetries of Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonians. The Hamiltonian can always be
brought to an imaginary form, leading to equations of motion that are real with
quantized real field solutions. Also we examine the Fock space realization of
the zero mode algebra for the Dirac-type systems. We show that a
two-dimensional representation is natural, in which fermion parity is
preserved.Comment: 26 pages, no figure
The cross-frequency mediation mechanism of intracortical information transactions
In a seminal paper by von Stein and Sarnthein (2000), it was hypothesized
that "bottom-up" information processing of "content" elicits local, high
frequency (beta-gamma) oscillations, whereas "top-down" processing is
"contextual", characterized by large scale integration spanning distant
cortical regions, and implemented by slower frequency (theta-alpha)
oscillations. This corresponds to a mechanism of cortical information
transactions, where synchronization of beta-gamma oscillations between distant
cortical regions is mediated by widespread theta-alpha oscillations. It is the
aim of this paper to express this hypothesis quantitatively, in terms of a
model that will allow testing this type of information transaction mechanism.
The basic methodology used here corresponds to statistical mediation analysis,
originally developed by (Baron and Kenny 1986). We generalize the classical
mediator model to the case of multivariate complex-valued data, consisting of
the discrete Fourier transform coefficients of signals of electric neuronal
activity, at different frequencies, and at different cortical locations. The
"mediation effect" is quantified here in a novel way, as the product of "dual
frequency RV-coupling coefficients", that were introduced in (Pascual-Marqui et
al 2016, http://arxiv.org/abs/1603.05343). Relevant statistical procedures are
presented for testing the cross-frequency mediation mechanism in general, and
in particular for testing the von Stein & Sarnthein hypothesis.Comment: https://doi.org/10.1101/119362 licensed as CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0
International license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Toshisada Nishida (1941â2011): Chimpanzee Rapport
Frans de Waal pays tribute to pioneering primatologist Toshisada Nishida, who transformed our understanding of chimpanzee behavior and culture and galvanized efforts to ensure their conservation
Universal Fermi gases in mixed dimensions
We investigate a two-species Fermi gas in which one species is confined in a
two-dimensional plane (2D) or one-dimensional line (1D) while the other is free
in the three-dimensional space (3D). We discuss the realization of such a
system with the interspecies interaction tuned to resonance. When the mass
ratio is in the range 0.0351<m_2D/m_3D<6.35 for the 2D-3D mixture or
0.00646<m_1D/m_3D<2.06 for the 1D-3D mixture, the resulting system is stable
against the Efimov effect and has universal properties. We calculate key
quantities in the many-body phase diagram. Other possible scale-invariant
systems with short-range few-body interactions are also elucidated.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figure
Generation of a TALEN-mediated, p63 knock-in in human induced pluripotent stem cells
The expression of p63 in surface ectodermal cells during development of the cornea, skin, oral mucosa and olfactory placodes is integral to the process of cellular self-renewal and the maintenance of the epithelial stem cell status. Here, we used TALEN technology to generate a p63 knock-in (KI) human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cell line in which p63 expression can be visualized via enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression. The KI-hiPS cells maintained pluripotency and expressed the stem cell marker gene, ÎNp63α. They were also able to successfully differentiate into functional corneal epithelial cells as assessed by p63 expression in reconstructed corneal epithelium. This approach enables the tracing of p63-expressing cell lineages throughout epithelial development, and represents a promising application in the field of stem cell research
Virtual Meeting Rooms: From Observation to Simulation
Much working time is spent in meetings and, as a consequence, meetings have become the subject of multidisciplinary research. Virtual Meeting Rooms (VMRs) are 3D virtual replicas of meeting rooms, where various modalities such as speech, gaze, distance, gestures and facial expressions can be controlled. This allows VMRs to be used to improve remote meeting participation, to visualize multimedia data and as an instrument for research into social interaction in meetings. This paper describes how these three uses can be realized in a VMR. We describe the process from observation through annotation to simulation and a model that describes the relations between the annotated features of verbal and non-verbal conversational behavior.\ud
As an example of social perception research in the VMR, we describe an experiment to assess human observersâ accuracy for head orientation
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