12 research outputs found
Π Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ
ABSTRACT For almost two centuries there has been a certain transformation of the system of passenger service on Russian railways, which includes such purely commercial aspect as marketing, relations with the client, selling tickets, cash proceeds, and construction of all related technological processes. The authors trace evolution, gradual qualitative growth of the Β«ticket industryΒ», which has become in the electronic network era a fundamentally different technology, half virtual, if we mean contact with a customer, a consumer of transportation services. Keywords: railway, history, ticket, technology of sale, ticket evolution and its production, electronic age.ΠΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³Π». ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Π΅ ΠΠΠ€ (Π°Π½Π³Π». Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ).ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠ°, Π° ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ Β«Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΈΒ», ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ
Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ³
The influence of silver nanoparticles in vitro on expression of lymphocyte activation molecular markers in patients with viral keratitis
Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 30 Π½ΠΌ in vitro. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² CD7 ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ (21,1Β±2,6) Π΄ΠΎ (27,4Β±1,7) %; CD25 Ρ (19,2Β±1,1) Π΄ΠΎ (26,8Β±1,2) % ΠΈ CD45 Ρ (22,3Β±1,1) Π΄ΠΎ (31,1Β±1,8) % (Ρ<0,05). ΠΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π‘D5, CD38, CD54, CD95, CD150. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° Ρ (58,5Β±3,9) Π΄ΠΎ (79,4Β±4,1) % (Ρ<0,05). Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ° 30 Π½ΠΌ in vitro Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² CD7, CD25, CD45 ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ².Herpetic lesions of the eye is a major cause of infectious corneal blindness. Viral
lesion of eyeball surface often has chronic process. Using of traditional drugs does not always
provide a positive therapeutic effect and prevents recurrence, determining the relevance of new
approaches to the treatment of viral pathologies of the cornea. The research was conducted with 33 patient with herpetic keratitis. It
was in vitro investigated the expression of molecular markers of activation of lymphocytes (CD 5, CD7,
CD25, CD38, CD45, CD54, CD95, CD150) peripheral blood and phagocytic activity of neutrophils before
and after cultivation with a colloidal solution of 30 nm silver nanoparticles
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A Scoping Review of Quality of Life Questionnaires in Glaucoma Patients
PRECIS: Multiple questionnaires exist to measure glaucoma's impact on quality of life (QoL). Selecting the right questionnaire for the research question is essential, as is patients' acceptability of the questionnaire to enable collection of relevant patient-reported outcomes.
PURPOSE: QoL relating to a disease and its treatment is an important dimension to capture. This scoping review sought to identify the questionnaires most appropriate for capturing the impact of glaucoma on QoL.
METHODS: A literature search of QoL questionnaires used in glaucoma, including patient-reported outcomes measures, was conducted and the identified questionnaires were analyzed using a developed quality criteria assessment.
RESULTS: Forty-one QoL questionnaires were found which were analyzed with the detailed quality criteria assessment leading to a summary score. This identified the top 10 scoring QoL questionnaires rated by a synthesis of the quality criteria grid, considering aspects such as reliability and reproducibility, and the authors' expert clinical opinion. The results were ratified in consultation with an international panel of ophthalmologists (N=49) from the Educational Club of Ocular Surface and Glaucoma representing 23 countries.
CONCLUSIONS: Wide variability among questionnaires used to determine vision related QoL in glaucoma and in the responses elicited was identified. In conclusion, no single existing QoL questionnaire design is suitable for all purposes in glaucoma research, rather we have identified the top 10 from which the questionnaire most appropriate to the study objective may be selected. Development of a new questionnaire that could better distinguish between treatments in terms of vision and treatment-related QoL would be useful that includes the patient perspective of treatment effects as well as meeting requirements of regulatory and health authorities. Future work could involve development of a formal weighting system with which to comprehensively assess the quality of QoL questionnaires used in glaucoma
Catering students
According to the survey of students of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (pfur), revealed that to improve the catering students, according to the students, the need for food organization in canteens, organizing conditions for preparing food in the hostels, organizing time for meals at lunch time, the introduction of the post of a dietarian and a gastroenterologist at the PFUR clinic β 25. Required health education to students on the issue of the rational nutrition and a healthy lifestyle, which can be implemented in a variety of ways
Comparative analysis of the severity of auditory acuity of students of conservatories and professional musical community
The results of comparative analysis of auditory acuity of 68 students of the Moscow Conservatory and 32 professional orchestral musicians of the Russian Federation with the results of the severity of hearing of students and teachers of other Moscow Universities are presented in the article. Revealed hearing problems require preventive measures. The greatest attention should be paid to the musicians, playing on wind and percussion instruments because their hearing suffers the most
The hemostatic system in neonates whose mothers took antiepileptic agents during pregnancy
Objective: to study the frequency of thrombohemorrhagic events and the specific features of hemostatic parameters in neonatal infants whose mother have received antiepileptic agents (AEA) during pregnancy.Subjects and methods. One hundred and eighty-seven newborn infants were followed up. There was an absolute preponderance of valproic acid and carbamazepine among the drugs taken by the pregnant women. Hemostatic parameters were examined in the umbilical cord blood of 16 fullterm neonates. A control group consisted of 11 full-term neonatal infants of non-epileptic mothers who had received no AEA during pregnancy. The clinical follow-up showed no thrombohemorrhagic events in all 187 cases. A hemostatic study revealed a proportional reduction in the levels of procoagulants and physiological anticoagulants and an increase in the content of von Willebrand factor in Groups 1 and 2 (a control group). Overall, the hemostatic parameters in Groups 1 and 2 of the newborns did not significantly differ from those in healthy full-term neonates
Comparing the microflora of the conjunctiva and contact lens in therapeutic soft contact lens wearers
Background: More than 125 million (2%) people worldwide wear contact lenses (CL).
Rates of CL-associated infections increase with an increase in frequency of wear of CL.
Purpose: To compare the bacterial and fungal microflora of the conjunctiva and contact
lens in therapeutic soft contact lens (SCL) wearers.
Material and Methods: We examined the microflora of the conjunctival surface in
80 therapeutic SCL wearers and of the SCL surface in 235 relevant lenses. Monthly
therapeutic SCLs that were discarded after being replaced were sent for bacteriological
and mycological culture. We used only the data for the years 2016 through 2019 in the
analysis.
Results: Pathogenic and/or opportunistic agents were found in samples from 121 SCL
(51.5%). Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal species were found in 63.5%, 29.5%,
and 7.0%, respectively, of the 121 SCL. Mixed microflora was evident in 14.1% of the
121 SCL. Organisms were isolated from the conjunctiva of 51 (63.8%) of 80 patients.
Gram positive, Gram negative and fungal species were found in 75.0%, 20.0%, and 5.0%,
respectively, of patients. Mixed microflora was evident in 14.1% of patients.
Conclusion: Organisms were isolated from the conjunctiva of 51 (63.8%) of 80 therapeutic
SCL wearers and from 121 (51.5%) of 235 SCL (p = 0.06). Conjunctival swabs and
SCL swabs harbored pathogenic microorganisms on 26.2% and 26.9% of occasions,
respectively. On 32.5% of occasions, there was a difference in species isolated from
conjunctival swabs and SCL swabs. This stresses the need for microbiological studies of
the conjunctiva and contact lenses in SCL wearers
The clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of the deja vu phenomenon in epilepsy
Objective: to study the clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of the deja vu phenomenon in epilepsy. Patients and methods. The manifestations of the dΠjΠ vu phenomenon were compared in 154 examinees in two groups: 1) 139 healthy individuals and 2) 25 patients with epilepsy (mean age 25.17Β±9.19 years; women, 63.2%) The characteristics of the phenomenon were determined, by questioning the examinees; 12β16-hour ambulatory electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring was made. Results. The deja vu phenomenon occurred with cryptogenic and symptomatic focal epilepsy with equal frequency; however, the phenomenon was also seen in the idiopathic generalized form of the latter and could be concurrent virtually with any types of seizures and observedΒ as an individual seizure and in the structure of a partial and secondarily generalized seizure. In epileptic patients, the main clinical characteristics of the deja vu vu phenomenon are its frequency, fear before its onset, and emotional coloring. The most important criterion is aΒ change in the characteristics of deja vu vu: prolongation, more frequencies, and the emergence of negative emotions. On EEG, the phenomenon was characterized by the onset of polyspike activity in the right temporal leads and, in some cases, ended with slow-wave, theta-delta activity in the right hemisphere