Detection of the Onset of Ischemia and Carcinogenesis by Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor-Based In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging

An animal model for the early detection of common fatal diseases such as ischemic diseases and cancer is desirable for the development of new drugs and treatment strategies. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that regulates oxygen homeostasis and plays key roles in a number of diseases, including cancer. Here, we established transgenic (Tg) mice that carry HRE/ODD-luciferase (HOL) gene, which generates bioluminescence in an HIF-1-dependent manner and was successfully used in this study to monitor HIF-1 activity in ischemic tissues. To monitor carcinogenesis in vivo, we mated HOL mice with rasH2 Tg mice, which are highly sensitive to carcinogens and are used for short-term carcinogenicity assessments. After rasH2-HOL Tg mice were treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, bioluminescence was detected noninvasively as early as 9 weeks in tissues that contained papillomas and malignant lesions. These results suggest that the Tg mouse lines we established hold significant potential for monitoring the early onset of both ischemia and carcinogenesis and that these lines will be useful for screening chemicals for carcinogenic potential

2型糖尿病入院患者の食後血糖値に影響を及ぼす栄養素等の要因

本研究は2型糖尿病患者の食後血糖値に影響する栄養素について明らかにすることを目的とした。対象は入院中の2型糖尿病患者で、食前および食後の血糖測定を実施した22名であった。分析は食後血糖値を従属変数に、エネルギー、たんぱく質、脂質、炭水化物、食物繊維、年齢、BMI、HbA1c、食前血糖値を独立変数とした重回帰分析を用いた。結果は全体としては食後血糖に影響する有意な要因は認められなかった。一方、朝食においてHbA1cと食物繊維に有意な値が認められた。すなわち、2型糖尿病入院患者において、食後血糖値を抑制する栄養素として最も影響を及ぼすのは食物繊維であると考えられる

パラジウム ショクバイ ニヨル ブタジエン ト ダイニキュウ アミン ノ テロメル カ

Abstract　In the presence of sodium borohydride and palladium catalysts, butadiene reacts with secondary amines such as diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, di-n-butylamine,morpholine, piperidine, and pyrrolidine to form corresponding 2,7-octadienyl-amine derivatives in good yields. In the reaction with primary amines such as, n- and iso-propylamines, and n- and iso-butylamines, sodium borohydride and palladium catalysts showed the same catalytic behavior, but a quite low catalytic activity.　A reaction intermediate involving a four-coordinated palladium system derived from the complex of palladiun(O) is postulated.　　水素化ホウ素ナトリウムおよびパラジウム錯体の存在で，ブタジエンほジエチルアミン，ジ－ｎ－プロピルアミンジ－ｎ－ブチルアミン，モルホリン，ピペリジン，ピロノジンのような第二級アミンと反応し，オクタ－2，7－ジエニル誘導体を良好な収率で生じた。　ｎ－プロピルアミン，ｎ－ブチルアミンのような第一級アミンも同じように反応し，相当するオクタ－2，7－ジエニル誘導体を生ずるが，触媒反応は第二級アミンに比し，活性ではなかった。４配位のＰｄ（Ｏ）錯体の反応中間体を経て反応は進むと考えられる