9,485 research outputs found
Gravitational Wave Emission from the Single-Degenerate Channel of Type Ia Supernovae
The thermonuclear explosion of a C/O white dwarf as a Type Ia supernova (SN
Ia) generates a kinetic energy comparable to that released by a massive star
during a SN II event. Current observations and theoretical models have
established that SNe Ia are asymmetric, and therefore--like SNe II--potential
sources of gravitational wave (GW) radiation. We perform the first detailed
calculations of the GW emission for a SN Ia of any type within the
single-degenerate channel. The gravitationally-confined detonation (GCD)
mechanism predicts a strongly-polarized GW burst in the frequency band around 1
Hz. Third-generation spaceborne GW observatories currently in planning may be
able to detect this predicted signal from SNe Ia at distances up to 1 Mpc. If
observable, GWs may offer a direct probe into the first few seconds of the SNe
Ia detonation.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by Physical Review Letter
Low Energy States of : Elements on the Doubly-Magic Nature of Ni
Excited levels were attributed to Ga for the first time
which were fed in the -decay of its mother nucleus Zn produced in
the fission of U using the ISOL technique. We show that the structure
of this nucleus is consistent with that of the less exotic proton-deficient
N=50 isotones within the assumption of strong proton Z=28 and neutron N=50
effective shell effects.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX 4, 5 figures (eps format
Evolution of condensate fraction during rapid lattice ramps
Combining experiments and numerical simulations, we investigate the
redistribution of quasi-momentum in a gas of atoms trapped in an optical
lattice when the lattice depth is rapidly reduced. We find that interactions
lead to significant momentum redistribution on millisecond timescales, thereby
invalidating previous assumptions regarding adiabaticity. We show that this
phenomenon is driven by the presence of low-momentum particle-hole excitations
in an interacting system. Our results invalidate bandmapping as an equilibrium
probe in interacting gases.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Effectiveness of a treadmill-based aerobic exercise intervention on pain, daily functioning, and quality of life in women with primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a treadmill-based aerobic exercise intervention on pain and associated symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea.
Methods: Seventy women with primary dysmenorrhea were included in the study. The experimental group underwent supervised aerobic training for 4 weeks followed by unsupervised home exercise for the next 6 months. The control group continued usual care. The primary outcome was pain. Secondary outcomes included quality of life (QoL), daily functioning, and sleep.
Results: After the 4-week training, compared to the control group exercise significantly improved primary outcomes pain quality (mean difference (MD) -1.9, 95% CI 3.8 to -0.04, p < 0.05), and intensity (MD -4.7, 95% CI -9.3 to -0.09, p < 0.05), but not present pain. Significant effects were also reported for pain interference (MD -1.7, 95% CI -3.4 to -0.02, p < 0.05) at 4 weeks; the other outcomes did not significantly differ between groups at this time. During the follow-up period of 7-months, the effect on pain improved to 22 mm (95% CI 18 to 25). Significant benefits of exercise were maintained up to 7-months for present pain, QoL and daily functioning.
Conclusion: Exercise has significant effects on primary dysmenorrhea-related pain, QoL and function
Elimination of Herpes Simplex Virus-2 and Epstein-Barr Virus With Seraph 100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: An Explorative Study in a Patient With Acute Liver Failure
OBJECTIVES
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 is a rare cause of hepatitis that can lead to acute liver failure (ALF) and often death. The earlier the initiation of acyclovir treatment the better the survival. With regard to ALF, controlled randomized data support the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) both as bridge to recovery or transplantation-possibly by modulating the systemic inflammatory response and by replacing coagulation factors. Seraph 100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter (Seraph; Ex Thera Medical, Martinez, CA), a novel extracorporeal adsorption device, removes living pathogens by binding to a heparin-coated surface was shown to efficiently clear HSV-2 particles in vitro. Here, we tested the combination of Seraph with TPE to reduce a massive HSV-2 viral load to reach a situation in that liver transplantation would be feasible.
DESIGN
Explorative study.
SETTING
Academic tertiary care transplant center.
PATIENT
Single patient with HSV-2-induced ALF.
INTERVENTIONS
TPE + Seraph 100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
We report Seraph clearance data of HSV-2 and of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in vivo as well as total viral elimination by TPE. Genome copies/mL of HSV-2 and EBV in EDTA plasma were measured by polymerase chain reaction every 60 minutes over 6 hours after starting Seraph both systemically and post adsorber. Also, HSV-2 and EBV were quantified before and after TPE and in the removed apheresis plasma. We found a total elimination of 1.81 Ă e HSV-2 copies and 2.11 Ă e EBV copies with a single TPE (exchange volume of 5L; 1.5Ă calculated plasma volume). Whole blood clearance of HSV-2 in the first 6 hours of treatment was 6.64âmL/min (4.98-12.92âmL/min). Despite much lower baseline viremia, clearance of EBV was higher 36.62âmL/min (22.67-53.48âmL/min).
CONCLUSIONS
TPE was able to remove circulating HSV-2 copies by 25% and EBV copies by 40% from the blood. On the other hand, clearance of HSV-2 by Seraph was clinically irrelevant, but Seraph seemed to be far more effective of removing EBV, implicating a possible use in EBV-associated pathologies, but this requires further study
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