685 research outputs found
Robustness of cultural communities in an open-ended Axelrod's model
We consider an open-ended set of cultural features in the Axelrod's model of
cultural dissemination. By replacing the features in which a high degree of
consensus is achieved by new ones, we address here an essential ingredient of
societies: the evolution of topics as a result of social dynamics and debate.
Our results show that, once cultural clusters have been formed, the
introduction of new topics into the social debate has little effect on them,
but it does have a significant influence on the cultural overlap. Along with
the Monte-Carlo simulations, we derive and numerically solve an equation for
the stationary cultural overlap based on a mean-field approach. Although the
mean-field analysis reproduces qualitatively the characteristic phase
transition of the Axelrod's model, it underestimates the cultural overlap,
highlighting the role of the local interactions in the Axelrod's dynamics, as
well as the correlations between the different cultural features.Comment: 6 pages and 5 figure
A networked voting rule for democratic representation
We introduce a general framework for exploring the problem of selecting a
committee of representatives with the aim of studying a networked voting rule
based on a decentralized large-scale platform, which can assure a strong
accountability of the elected. The results of our simulations suggest that this
algorithm-based approach is able to obtain a high representativeness for
relatively small committees, performing even better than a classical voting
rule based on a closed list of candidates. We show that a general relation
between committee size and representatives exists in the form of an inverse
square root law and that the normalized committee size approximately scales
with the inverse of the community size, allowing the scalability to very large
populations. These findings are not strongly influenced by the different
networks used to describe the individuals interactions, except for the presence
of few individuals with very high connectivity which can have a marginally
negative effect in the committee selection process.Comment: Submitted for publicatio
Analysis of a networked social algorithm for collective selection of a committee of representatives
A recent work by Hern\'andez et al. introduced a networked voting rule
supported by a trust-based social network, where indications of possible
representatives were based on individuals opinions. Individual contributions
went beyond a simple vote-counting and were based on proxy voting. These
mechanisms generated a high level of representativeness of the selected
committee, weakening the possibility of relations of patronage. By
incorporating the integrity of individuals and its perception, here we address
the question of the trustability of the resulting committee. Our results show
that this voting rule provides high representativeness for small committees
with a high level of integrity. Furthermore, the voting system displays
robustness to a strategic and untruthful application of the voting algorithm.Comment: 7 pages and 8 figures. Submitted for publication. arXiv admin note:
text overlap with arXiv:1801.0539
VipariNama: Combining CRISPR and systemic virus-based vectors for rapid phenotyping of complex plant traits
A breeder's panacea would be to manipulate plant traits to their gusto e piacere(taste and pleasure). Tolerance to drought and salinity, resistance to pests and pathogens, selectiveresistance to herbicides, increased yield through timed flowering, and better nutritional or productive traits are some of the attributes crop breeders continuously aim to improve. The development of recent genome editing tools, most notable CRISPR/Cas9, promises faster and less expensive crop breeding. Many traits, including plant height and flowering time, are controlled by complex, multiloci genetic programs with both activation and repression mechanisms to tune plant development (Eshed and Lippman, 2019). Thus, there is a need for tools that allow rapid evaluation of spatial and temporal phenotypic outcomes resultingfrom gene expression level reprogramming.Fil: Calla, Bernarda. University of Illinois. Urbana - Champaign; Estados UnidosFil: Moreno, Javier Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; Argentin
Waking up for defense! Melatonin as a regulator of stomatal immunity in plants
Melatonin is a tryptophan-derived compound discovered in the late 1950s as a molecule produced by the pineal gland of most vertebrates. Melatonin gained notoriety in the 1970s when it was demonstrated that its production increased in humans during the night in a rhythmic fashion associated with sleep synchronization (Xie et al., 2017). Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule produced by bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. In plants, melatonin regulates a wide range of processes, such as seed germination, root and shoot growth, and production of secondary metabolites, and is involved in circadian cycle regulation (Arnao and Hernández-Ruiz, 2019). The recent identification of a melatonin receptor named PHYTOMELATONIN RECEPTOR1 (AtPMTR1) in the plant model Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) demonstrated that melatonin also governs an AtPMTR1-dependent mechanism of stomatal closure (Wei et al., 2018). As stomatal closure is a well-known process utilized by plants to restrain the invasion of pathogens, usually referred to as stomatal immunity (Melotto et al., 2006), melatonin is now gaining attention for its capacity to mediate responses to biotic stress in plants (Moustafa-Farag et al., 2020). Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms of melatonin regulation of plant immunity remain largely unknown.Fil: Moreno, Javier Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Lattarulo Campos, Marcelo. Universidade Do Estado de Mato Grosso (unemat)
Gearing up the clock of hypocotyl growth!
To anticipate daily changes imposed by Earth?s ro-tation, organisms from all domains of life have evolvedan endogenous 24-h timer with daily rhythmic func-tions: the circadian clock. In plants, the first organisms where circadian dynamics were observed, the circadianclock processes daylength information to regulate awide range of physiological and developmental re-sponses (Greenham and McClung, 2015). Under nor-mal photoperiodic conditions, hypocotyl elongationis a robust response that can be observed to monitorthe circadian regulation of plant growth (Nusinowet al., 2011). However, the regulatory networks con-trolling this physiological mechanism remain poorlyunderstood.Fil: Moreno, Javier Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Campos, Marcelo Lattarulo. Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato; Brasi
Strongly Damped Wave Equations With Stepanov Type Nonlinear Forcing Term
In this paper we investigate the existence and uniqueness of weighted pseudo almost automorphic mild solution for a class of strongly damped wave equations where the semilinear forcing term is a Stepanov weighted pseudo almost automorphic function
Molecular mechanisms involved in functional macroevolution of plant transcription factors
Transcription factors (TFs) are key components of the transcriptional regulation machinery. In plants, they accompanied the evolution from unicellular aquatic algae to complex flowering plants that dominate the land environment. The adaptations of the body plan and physiological responses required changes in the biological functions of TFs. Some ancestral gene regulatory networks are highly conserved, while others evolved more recently and only exist in particular lineages. The recent emergence of novel model organisms provided the opportunity for comparative studies, producing new insights to infer these evolutionary trajectories. In this review, we comprehensively revisit the recent literature on TFs of nonseed plants and algae, focusing on the molecular mechanisms driving their functional evolution. We discuss the particular contribution of changes in DNA-binding specificity, protein–protein interactions and cis-regulatory elements to gene regulatory networks. Current advances have shown that these evolutionary processes were shaped by changes in TF expression pattern, not through great innovation in TF protein sequences. We propose that the role of TFs associated with environmental and developmental regulation was unevenly conserved during land plant evolution.Fil: Romani, Facundo Alihuen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Moreno, Javier Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; Argentin
Plataforma gamificada para la práctica de programación en el ámbito universitario
Los interlocutores existentes en el sistema educativo actual han sufrido un cambio generacional muy importante en cuanto a lo comunicacional. Es importante conocer el entorno tecnológico que hoy rodea a los alumnos de los distintos niveles educativos. Lo cual implica considerar desde un niño que está en el nivel inicial hasta un adolescente que comienza una educación superior. Esto permitirá reconocer a los nativos digitales, como sujetos que necesitan un cambio de paradigma, en la metodología aplicada en el modo de exponer y recibir el conocimiento. El avance de los métodos colaborativos, el aprendizaje basado en problema, el empleo de juegos y técnicas de gamificación, la utilización de las TIC (tecnologías de la información y comunicación), señalan la obligatoriedad de aceptar un cambio impuesto socioculturalmente, para no perder la atención y el interés de aprender por parte del alumno.
La presente tesis plantea la necesidad de abordar el concepto de gamificación que propone utilizar técnicas de juegos en ámbitos no lúdicos, lo que implica analizar mecanismos de implementación de desafíos, premios, niveles alcanzados, etc. teniendo como enfoque principal la motivación de los alumnos, con el objetivo de conseguir la interacción de los alumnos más allá del espacio físico del aula. Para ello se evalúan distintos frameworks, en los cuales se pueda, construir técnicas de Gamificación y aprendizaje basado en juegos; junto con la construcción de software que podrá ser accesible desde internet, utilizándolo tanto en computadoras como dispositivos móviles. Como principal objetivo, el proponer, la forma entretenida, en apoyo, a la construcción del conocimiento. Con el propósito de mejorar, la motivación y el interés del alumnado, se pone en práctica, la teoría sobre esta nueva forma de compartir el conocimiento. La aplicación, con el nombre, “PROGRAMADOS”, un programa, desarrollado íntegramente en la Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, por un grupo de investigación del cual formo parte, que permite aplicar las herramientas especiales que ofrece la gamificación. Creado y diseñado especialmente para motivar a los alumnos, que comienzan el estudio de la lógica de la programación, en sus conceptos iniciales. Elementos de programación una materia del ciclo básico de las carreras de Ingenierías, de esta universidad, comienza a implementar esta plataforma, en forma no obligatoria, con resultados muy positivos, desde el segundo cuatrimestre del año 2016, a la fechaFil: Moreno, Edgardo Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Matanza; Argentina
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