132 research outputs found
The Connection Between Race and Performance of NBA Draft Picks
This paper examines the relationship between race and performance in terms of one of the highest forms of efficiency in basketball, field goal percentage, based on college statistics, with regard to draft position, career earnings and NBA win shares
Correction to: Bilingualism is associated with a delayed onset of dementia but not with a lower risk of developing it: A systematic review with meta-analyses
The original version of this article unfortunately contained the following mistakes. 1. In the Results section under the paragraph Disease Severity, the sentence “The PIs ranged between -0.47 and 0.57 MMSE points” should read -0.49 and 0.59 MMSE points. 2. In Figs. 3, 5, and 7, the labels “favour bilinguals” and “favours monolinguals” should be inverted. Therefore, it should be “favours monolinguals” and “favours bilinguals”. Please see below for the correct figures. © 2020, The Author(s)
Strong Fiber from Uniaxial Fullerene Supramolecules Aligned with Carbon Nanotubes
Carbon nanotube (CNT) wires approach copper's specific conductivity and
surpass carbon fiber's strength, with further improvement anticipated with
greater aspect ratios and incorporation of dopants with long-range structural
order. Fullerenes assemble into multitudes of process-dependent supramolecular
crystals and, while initially insulating, they become marginally conductive (up
to 0.05 MSm) and superconductive (K with K and 28K
with Rb) after doping. These were small (100's m long), soft (hardness
comparable to indium), and typically unaligned, which hindered development of
fullerene based wires. Individual fullerenes were previously incorporated into
CNT fibers, although randomly without self-assembly into supramolecules. Here,
a simple variation in established CNT acid extrusion creates a fiber composed
of uniaxial chains of aligned fullerene supramolecules, self-assembled between
aligned few-walled CNT bundles. This will provide a testbed for novel fullerene
wire transport and prospects in CNT wire advancement
Catching Element Formation In The Act
Gamma-ray astronomy explores the most energetic photons in nature to address
some of the most pressing puzzles in contemporary astrophysics. It encompasses
a wide range of objects and phenomena: stars, supernovae, novae, neutron stars,
stellar-mass black holes, nucleosynthesis, the interstellar medium, cosmic rays
and relativistic-particle acceleration, and the evolution of galaxies. MeV
gamma-rays provide a unique probe of nuclear processes in astronomy, directly
measuring radioactive decay, nuclear de-excitation, and positron annihilation.
The substantial information carried by gamma-ray photons allows us to see
deeper into these objects, the bulk of the power is often emitted at gamma-ray
energies, and radioactivity provides a natural physical clock that adds unique
information. New science will be driven by time-domain population studies at
gamma-ray energies. This science is enabled by next-generation gamma-ray
instruments with one to two orders of magnitude better sensitivity, larger sky
coverage, and faster cadence than all previous gamma-ray instruments. This
transformative capability permits: (a) the accurate identification of the
gamma-ray emitting objects and correlations with observations taken at other
wavelengths and with other messengers; (b) construction of new gamma-ray maps
of the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies where extended regions are
distinguished from point sources; and (c) considerable serendipitous science of
scarce events -- nearby neutron star mergers, for example. Advances in
technology push the performance of new gamma-ray instruments to address a wide
set of astrophysical questions.Comment: 14 pages including 3 figure
Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor (MAGIS-100)
MAGIS-100 is a next-generation quantum sensor under construction at Fermilab
that aims to explore fundamental physics with atom interferometry over a
100-meter baseline. This novel detector will search for ultralight dark matter,
test quantum mechanics in new regimes, and serve as a technology pathfinder for
future gravitational wave detectors in a previously unexplored frequency band.
It combines techniques demonstrated in state-of-the-art 10-meter-scale atom
interferometers with the latest technological advances of the world's best
atomic clocks. MAGIS-100 will provide a development platform for a future
kilometer-scale detector that would be sufficiently sensitive to detect
gravitational waves from known sources. Here we present the science case for
the MAGIS concept, review the operating principles of the detector, describe
the instrument design, and study the detector systematics.Comment: 65 pages, 18 figure
Treatment planning for MR-guided SBRT of pancreatic tumors on a 1.5 T MR-Linac: A global consensus protocol
Background and purpose: Treatment planning for MR-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pancreatic tumors can be challenging, leading to a wide variation of protocols and practices. This study aimed to harmonize treatment planning by developing a consensus planning protocol for MR-guided pancreas SBRT on a 1.5 T MR-Linac. Materials and methods: A consortium was founded of thirteen centers that treat pancreatic tumors on a 1.5 T MR-Linac. A phased planning exercise was conducted in which centers iteratively created treatment plans for two cases of pancreatic cancer. Each phase was followed by a meeting where the instructions for the next phase were determined. After three phases, a consensus protocol was reached. Results: In the benchmarking phase (phase I), substantial variation between the SBRT protocols became apparent (for example, the gross tumor volume (GTV) D99% ranged between 36.8 – 53.7 Gy for case 1, 22.6 – 35.5 Gy for case 2). The next phase involved planning according to the same basic dosimetric objectives, constraints, and planning margins (phase II), which led to a large degree of harmonization (GTV D99% range: 47.9–53.6 Gy for case 1, 33.9–36.6 Gy for case 2). In phase III, the final consensus protocol was formulated in a treatment planning system template and again used for treatment planning. This not only resulted in further dosimetric harmonization (GTV D99% range: 48.2–50.9 Gy for case 1, 33.5–36.0 Gy for case 2) but also in less variation of estimated treatment delivery times. Conclusion: A global consensus protocol has been developed for treatment planning for MR-guided pancreatic SBRT on a 1.5 T MR-Linac. Aside from harmonizing the large variation in the current clinical practice, this protocol can provide a starting point for centers that are planning to treat pancreatic tumors on MR-Linac systems
Cold atoms in space: community workshop summary and proposed road-map
We summarise the discussions at a virtual Community Workshop on Cold Atoms in Space concerning the status of cold atom technologies, the prospective scientific and societal opportunities offered by their deployment in space, and the developments needed before cold atoms could be operated in space. The cold atom technologies discussed include atomic clocks, quantum gravimeters and accelerometers, and atom interferometers. Prospective applications include metrology, geodesy and measurement of terrestrial mass change due to, e.g., climate change, and fundamental science experiments such as tests of the equivalence principle, searches for dark matter, measurements of gravitational waves and tests of quantum mechanics. We review the current status of cold atom technologies and outline the requirements for their space qualification, including the development paths and the corresponding technical milestones, and identifying possible pathfinder missions to pave the way for missions to exploit the full potential of cold atoms in space. Finally, we present a first draft of a possible road-map for achieving these goals, that we propose for discussion by the interested cold atom, Earth Observation, fundamental physics and other prospective scientific user communities, together with the European Space Agency (ESA) and national space and research funding agencies.publishedVersio
Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry:Workshop Summary
This document presents a summary of the 2023 Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry Workshop hosted by CERN. The workshop brought together experts from around the world to discuss the exciting developments in large-scale atom interferometer (AI) prototypes and their potential for detecting ultralight dark matter and gravitational waves. The primary objective of the workshop was to lay the groundwork for an international TVLBAI proto-collaboration. This collaboration aims to unite researchers from different institutions to strategize and secure funding for terrestrial large-scale AI projects. The ultimate goal is to create a roadmap detailing the design and technology choices for one or more km-scale detectors, which will be operational in the mid-2030s. The key sections of this report present the physics case and technical challenges, together with a comprehensive overview of the discussions at the workshop together with the main conclusions
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