Coping strategies of ambulatory burn patients during daily dressing changes

The purpose of this study was to describe the coping strategies used by ambulatory burn patients for management of pain during dressing changes. The sample consisted of 136 ambulatory burn patients (N = 136) who attended an outpatient Burn Clinic at a Southwestern medical center. Coping strategies were measured using the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (Rosenstiel & Keefe, 1983) and the Helpfulness of Prayer Scale (Saudia, Kinney, Brown & Young-Ward, 1991); The most frequently used coping strategies used by ambulatory burn patients were coping self-statements (87.5%, n = 119) and praying/hoping (71.3%, n = 97). There was no significant difference in reported levels of pain among subjects who prayed (n = 56) and subjects who did not pray (n = 80) before or during dressing changes (t =.988, {dollar}p = .325).{dollar} Patients who used pain medications had significantly higher levels of pain (mean = 5.92) than patients who did not use pain medication (mean = 4.02) before their dressing changes (t = 3.47, {dollar}p = .001).{dollar} The level of pain experienced by patients was weakly correlated to the degree (depth) of the burn {dollar}(r = .230,\ p = .007).{dollar}

Influence of female age of Trichogramma cacoeciae and host eggs age on its parasitic effectiveness

Σε εργαστηριακά πειράματα εξετάστηκε η επίδραση της ηλικίας των αυγών του εντόμου L botrana ως προς την αποδοχή τους για παρασιτισμό από το ωοπαράσιτοειδές T. cacoecciae. Θηλυκά άτομα του T. cacoecciae παρασιτούν σε μικρότερο βαθμό τα αυγά ηλικίας 4 ημερών από ότι αυγά ηλικίας 1 ή 2 ημερών. Επίσης, η διάρκεια ανάπτυξης ως την ενηλικίωση του Τ. cacoecciae σε 4 ημερών αυγά του L botrana ήταν ση μαντικά μεγαλύτερη από ότι σε αυγά μικρότερης ηλικίας. Επιπλέον, εξετάστηκε και η επίδραση της ηλικίας των παρασιτοειδών ως προς την ικανότητα παρασιτισμού αυγών του L botrana. Η ηλικία του παρασιτοειδούς επηρέασε σημαντικά τον αριθμό των παρασιτισμένων αυγών του L botrana. Περισσότερα αυγά παρασιτίστηκαν όταν χρησιμοποιήθηκαν θηλυκά άτομα του T. cacoecciae ηλικίας 4 ημερών.Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of female age of Trichogramma cacoeciae (Marchai) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and egg age of Lobesia bot rana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on parasitoid effectiveness. It was found that T. cacoecciae females parasitize more frequently 4 days old L. boi rana eggs than younger ones. Furthermore, developmental time of their offspring retarded and percentage of viable eggs decreased when parasitoid larvae fed with older eggs. 7*. cacoecciae females that were 4 days old were more effective in parasitising L. botrana eggs. Rearing the paras ito ids on Sitôt roga ce rea lei la eggs for one generation resulted in a decreased number of parasitised eggs of L boi rana than when reared on Ephestia kit eh niella eggs. The implications of these results in selecting a candidate species for biological control are discussed

First record of Capparimyia savastani in Greece

Κατά τη διάρκεια του θέρους του έτους 2008 παρατηρήθηκε εκτεταμένη προσβολή σε ανθοφόρους οφθαλμούς φυτών κάπαρης (Capparis sp.) στο νησί της Μήλου. Από ενήλικα άτομα που προήλθαν από δείγματα προσβεβλημένων φυτών διαπιστώθηκε ότι πρόκειται για το είδος Capparimyia savastani (Martelli) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Η παρουσία του εντόμου αυτού καταγράφεται για πρώτη φορά στην Ελλάδα. Το έντομο αυτό προβάλλει τους ανθοφόρους οφθαλμούς φυτών που ανήκουν στο γένος Capparis και φαίνεται ότι μπορεί να προκαλέσει εκτεταμένες ζημιές σε καλλιεργούμενα και αυτοφυή φυτά κάπαρης.During the summer of 2008 extensive infestation was observed on edible flower buds of wild and cultivated caper plants (Capparis sp.) in Milos island. Larvae were taken from infested plants and kept in laboratory conditions at 24±1oC, 70±5% RH, and under a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h until adult’s emergence. Adults were identified as the species Capparimyia savastani (Martelli) (Diptera: Tephritidae). The presence of this species is recorded for the first time in Greece. The larvae of C. savastani fed on flower buds of caper plants and it appears to be capable to cause extensive damage on cultivated and wild caper

Nursing Information Behavior (NIB) in the Pandemic: Resilience of a Knowledge Base

Health care assumed epic proportions in 2020 as the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic swept the globe, crossing all social, geographic, economic and political lines. A key component of care at every phase of the pandemic has been home care nursing. A virtual domain analysis clinic (DAC) was constructed around the focus of nursing information behavior (NIB). An important question for research was the extent to which the ontological base underlying NIB might be the subject of conceptual evolution during the pandemic. The clinic began by using domain analytical techniques to extract a NIB taxonomy from a key text; the taxonomy was then mapped to an international nursing classification and published online where it could be available for scholarship. As the pandemic evolved the DAC employed ethnographic techniques to discover ways in which the knowledge base represented by the pandemic was affected over time. The knowledge base of NIB is resilient. The taxonomy of the domain originally drawn from research and mapped to a classification of practice is sustainably efficacious throughout this project. The analysis of video transcripts reveals ethnographic contexts emerging over the course of the pandemic that provide new contours for the knowledge base. Beyond the resilient core lies a rich panoply of emergent vocabulary. The vocabulary of the pandemic itself becomes part of the knowledge base of the home care nurse. The rise of an emotional layer beyond the core vocabulary of NIB reveals the contours of the social impact of the pandemic as vocabulary concerning the very human psychological and social impacts enter the knowledge base with terms forming a credo of moral fiber, hope, dedication and determination

Determination of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larval instars and age based on head capsule width and larval weight

Προνύμφες του Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) εκτράφηκαν σε χώρο με 26°C, φωτόφαση 16 ωρών και σχετική υγρασία 60-75%. Μετρήθηκαν, ανά προνυμφικό στάδιο, το πλάτος της κεφαλικής κάψας και το βάρος κάθε προνύμφης 2-3 ημέρες μετά την έκδυση, με σκοπό τον προσδιορισμό του προνυμφικού σταδίου και της ηλικίας. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε επί πλέον το βάρος της προνύμφης γιατί δεν είναι ασφαλής ο προσδιορισμός των προνυμφικών σταδίων μόνο από το πλάτος της κεφαλικής κάψας, καθόσον υπάρχει αλληλεπικάλυψη μεταξύ πλάτους ενός σταδίου και του προηγούμενου και επόμενου του, και ακόμη παρατηρείται διαφορετικός αριθμός σταδίων μεταξύ των προνυμφών. Η ανάπτυξη συμπληρώνεται σε 5 προνυμφικά στάδια στο 75% των προνυμφών, σε 6 στο 24% και σε 7 στο1%. Το πλάτος της κεφαλικής κάψας ήταν αρκετό για τη διάκριση των προνυμφών της Ιου σταδίου μόνο και το μέγιστο πλάτος ήταν 0,4mm. Το βάρος της προνύμφης ήταν ικανό μόνο του να προσδιορίσει προνύμφες 1ης και 2ης ηλικίας. Η διαφορά μεταξύ Ιου και 2ου σταδίου ήταν lmg και μεταξύ 2ου και 3ου σταδίου 5,5mg. Συσχέτιση και ανάλυση παραλλακτικότητας των δύο παραμέτρων μας δίνει τη δυνατότητα προσδιορισμού όλων των προνυμφικών σταδίων μιας προνύμφης με πιθανότητα 96,9%,.καθώς και την ηλικία της σε ημέρες από την εκκόλαψη.Larνae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were reared in laboratory conditions (26°C, 16:8 L:D) and measurements of larval head capsule width, and body weight, were used in order to determine the boundaries of larval instars. Larvae of Η. armigera completed development in 5 to 7 instars. Head capsule width could predict the larval instar only for Ll. The upper boundary of head width for L1 was 0.4mm. Body weight could predict both L1 and L2 larval instars. Boundaries between L1-L2 instars were found to be 1 mg and for L2-L3 5,5 mg. Correlation and regression analysis suggest that a combination of head capsule width and body weight can predict both larval instars and chronological age under constant conditions in the laboratory

CT-NIB Taxonomy for Nursing Information Behavior: KO in the Pandemic

As COVID-19 emerged on the world stage a challenge arose to help inform the knowledge base in home health-care nursing. Connecting current experience with the Pajarillo theory The Nub of Nursing Information Behavior (NIB was a first step. To provide a taxonomy of NIB, standard domain analytical tools for ontology extraction were employed using Pajarillo\u27s text. Analysis generated frequency distributions of terms and phrases which were then sorted and disambiguated to generate a list of phenomena. Co-word analysis generated visualizations to suggest regions that might constitute facets and sub-facets. Facet analysis yielded six major facets and 17 sub-facets. The NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses and Classification was mapped to the core taxonomy. The Core Taxonomy of Nursing Information Behavior (CT-NIB) was published online on 12 May 2020. An update including the mappings to the NANDA classification constituted version 1.1, which was made available 26 June 2020

Shifting Taxonomies in Home Care Nursing Information Behavior: Patients, Pandemic, Community

IKOS has continued to monitor the nursing information behavior (NIB) of home care nurses. In earlier reports we described how we developed an online taxonomy of NIB. We then took on a qualitative analysis of video representations of home care nursing in the pandemic. Merging the codes from two rounds of open coding yielded a set of categories (or axes) that could be used to construct a narrative analysis. Contextual quotations from the video transcripts further reveal the intensity of the potential taxonomic extension. The importance of this research for knowledge organization is the understanding we develop concerning shifting taxonomies in the NIB environment

Egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) in olive groves of the Mediterranean region

A survey of egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) was carried out in olive groves in Portugal, Greece, Egypt, and Tunisia during the years 2002–2004. Parasitoids were obtained either by exposing sentinel eggs (Sitotroga cerealella Olivier or Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) on olive trees or by collecting eggs of lepidopterous olive pests. Parasitized egg samples were reared separately in the laboratory for emergence of parasitoids. These were further reared in separate lines and processed by morphological and molecular biology techniques for species characterization. The recorded fauna of Trichogramma parasitoids in olive groves was species poor and consisted of species mainly known from the Mediterranean region. Trichogramma bourarachae Pintureau and Babault was found in Tunisia and Egypt, T. cordubensis Vargas and Cabello, and T. euproctidis Girault in Egypt, Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal in Portugal, Greece, Egypt, Tunisia and Trichogramma nerudai Pintureau and Gerding in Portugal. Apart from that, Trichogramma oleae Voegele´ and Pointel was collected in Tunisia. This species is probably not indigenous, but has established after several releases of a French strain were made in recent years. For selected strains, the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) region of rDNA was determined and deposited in the GenBank database. Differences in important biological attributes were found among collected strains of T. bourarachae, suggesting the existence of biotypes. The results contribute to the limited knowledge on distribution and biodiversity of the genus Trichogramma in the Mediterranean region. They can be helpful for the preservation and use of indigenous Trichogramma species in biological control of lepidopterous pests in olive and other local crops

Add-on topiramate in the treatment of refractory partial-onset epilepsy: Clinical experience of outpatient epilepsy clinics from 11 general hospitals

SummaryAn open, prospective, observational study was performed to assess efficacy and adverse-event profile of topiramate as add-on therapy in epilepsy. Outpatient neurology clinics from 11 general hospitals in Greece participated in the study. In total, 211 patients with treatment resistant partial-onset seizures who met the inclusion criteria, were studied. After baseline evaluation, topiramate was given at a target dose of 200mg/day over a 1-month titration period. In the subsequent maintenance period, the topiramate dose could be varied according to the clinical results. Patients were followed for in total 6 months, with monthly visits and regular physical, neurological and laboratory examinations. Seizure frequencies decreased to 35–40% of baseline values following 3 months of treatment and remained relatively constant thereafter. The average monthly seizure frequency over the 6-month study period was 4.61, compared to 9.21 at baseline. The number of responders (patients with at least 50% reduction in seizure frequency) followed a similar pattern, i.e., increase during the first 3 months levelling off at a final 80–85% response rate. Of those completing the study, 30% had been seizure-free for at least 3 months and 12% for 5 months. Topiramate was well tolerated, no deviations in laboratory values were found. Adverse events appeared to occur less frequently, and antiepileptic effects were more pronounced in this prospective open-label study than in earlier reports from randomised controlled trials. The nature of the patient population and the application of individualised dose optimisation are proposed as contributing factors to explain the favourable results of this study