Prior upper body exercise reduces cycling work capacity but not critical power

Purpose: This study examined whether metabolite accumulation, induced by prior upper body exercise, affected the power–duration relationship for leg cycle ergometry

Unified Supersymmetric Model of Naturally Small Dirac Neutrino Masses and the Axionic Solution of the Strong CP Problem

Using the particle content of the fundamental {27} supermultiplet of E_6, naturally small Dirac neutrino masses are obtained in the context of SU(3)_C times SU(2)_L times U(1)_Y times U(1)_{chi}, where U(1)_{chi} comes from the decomposition E_6 to SO(10) times U(1)_{psi}, then SO(10) to SU(5) times U(1)_{chi}. New observable consequences are predicted at the TeV scale. An axionic solution of the strong CP problem may be included at no extra cost.Comment: 10 pages, no figure, Eqs.(16)-(20) are correcte

Softly Broken A_4 Symmetry for Nearly Degenerate Neutrino Masses

The leptonic Higgs doublet model of neutrino masses is implemented with an A_4 discrete symmetry (the even permutation of 4 objects or equivalently the symmetry of the tetrahedron) which has 4 irreducible representations: 1, 1', 1'', and 3. The resulting spontaneous and soft breaking of A_4 provides a realistic model of charged-lepton masses as well as a nearly degenerate neutrino mass matrix. Phenomenological consequences at and below the TeV scale are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, no figur

Exploring psychological characteristic of problem financial trading: The effect of self-control and dispositional greed

Abstract While an increasing body of literature has noted the preponderance of gambling within various financial markets, limited research has been done on the psychological characteristics of traders, such as levels of self-control (i.e., ability to regulate behaviors and emotions) and dispositional greed (i.e., a strong desire to acquire more). Such characteristics may place traders at a disproportionate risk for trading financial assets more problematically. The proposed study explores the association between self-control and problem financial trading and the role of dispositional greed in mediating their association. Participants who identified as having engaged in financial trading during the past year (N = 504; 67.1% male; M = 39.4 years, SD = 12.6) were recruited via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete an online survey. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that self-control is partially negatively related to problematic financial trading behaviors (B = -.21, p \u3c .001; 95%CI[-.28, -.14]). Furthermore, self-control is related to less problem financial trading behaviors through a decrease in dispositional greed (B = -.05, p = .004; 95%CI[-.08, -.02]). These findings are the among the first to explore the interplay between self-control and dispositional greed. The implications of these findings will be discussed. Implication The present study is the first to explore self-control and dispositional greed in relation to problematic financial trading. Findings speak to the unique interplay between self-control and dispositional greed among financial traders, and provide a foundation for further research in this area

Algebraic description of anharmonic stretching vibrations

A U(2) algebraic model is presented to describe stretching vibrations of XY$_n$ (n=2, 3, and 4) systems, where anharmonic interactions between the bond modes are considered. This model in a limit corresponds to an anharmonically coupled local mode model. As an example, the model for a molecule XY$_4$ is applied to recently observed spectra of methane in both gas and liquid phases, and the results obtained are in good agreement with the experiments

Localized electronic states and photoemission superconducting condensate in Bi2_{2}Sr2_{2}Ca1_{1}Cu2_{2}O8+x_{8+x}

We present the first detailed angle-resolved photoemission evidence that there are two types of carriers that contribute to the photoemission superconducting condensate in $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{1}Cu_{2}O_{8+x}$. Our data indicate that both itinerant and somewhat localized normal state carriers can contribute to the formation of Cooper pairs.Comment: APS_Revtex, 11 pages, including 3 figures, available upon request. UW-Madison preprint#

A contribution to understanding the complex nature of peisleyite

The type specimen of peisleyite has been reinvestigated by a combination of scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Morphological investigation showed that mats of peisleyite crystals, individually <3 μm across, are intergrown with wavellite veinlets to form the white cryptocrystalline material that is typical of 'peisleyite'. New EPMA data (mean of 12 analyses) gave the empirical formula of peisleyite as (Na_(1.69)Ca_(0.18))_(Σ1.87)(Al_(9.04)Fe_(0.03))_(Σ9.07)[(P_(6.28)S_(1.38)Si_(0.25))O_4]_(Σ7.91)(OH)_(6.66)·27.73H_2O, or ideally Na_2Al_9[(P,S)O_4]_8(OH)_6·28H_2O. The associated wavellite was found to be F-rich. Synchrotron powder data were indexed and refined and gave the following unit cell: P1, a = 9.280(19), b = 11.976(19), c = 13.250(18) Å, α = 91.3(1), β = 75.6(1), γ = 67.67(1)º, V = 1308(5) Å3 and Z = 4. These data are significantly different to those reported in the original description of peisleyite

Response [letter to Editor-in-Chief in response to Chiappa et al.]

We thank Chiappa et al. (4,5) for commending our work (2,3,7), which we reciprocate in light of their thought provoking research that sparked the ensuing trans-Atlantic debate on the effects of inspiratory muscle loading on lactate clearance after exercise. Specifically, despite using similar methodologies, Chiappa et al. (4,5) have twice shown accelerated lactate clearance with inspiratory loading, whereas we have twice shown no effect (2,7). We hypothesized that these discrepancies may be due to interstudy differences in participant endurance training status, as evidenced by higher V˙O2peak and faster blood lactate recovery kinetics in our participants. We were thus intrigued by the authors’ unpublished data showing, in sedentary individuals, no effect of inspiratory loading on lactate clearance. In their accompanying figure, the authors also present novel data showing a significant correlation between maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and changes in the area under the blood [Laj] curve with inspiratory loading. This observation informed their hypothesis that the efficacy of inspiratory loading is influenced by inspiratory muscle mass rather than training status

Dispositional Greed, Dark Trait, and Problem Gambling

Abstract Dispositional Greed refers to a person\u27s innate traits and capacity for greed. Researchers can separate the influence of personality from that of the environment on greedy behavior using the Dispositional Greed Scale. Prior research has not yet explored dispositional greed in relation to problem gambling, and whether it is predictive of problem gambling above and beyond the dark traits (i.e., psychopathy [callousness and cynicism], Machiavellianism [strategic exploitation and deception], and narcissism [inflated sense of one’s own importance]). Thus, the present study aims at investigating dispositional greed with the scope of the dark traits to yield an application that sufficiently forecasts expectancy and risk of problem gambling. An online survey was given to gamblers (N = 709; 59.2% male; M = 40.4 years; SD = 12.8) recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Using the multiple regression analysis, the results showed that greed and two sinister characteristics—psychopathy and Machiavellianism—significantly influenced the degree of problem gambling. Indicating that a person\u27s problem gambling severity increases when they have a stronger dispositional trait for psychopathy or greed, however the opposite is true for the Machiavellianism trait, in that the problem gambling scores declined as Machiavellianism grew. The present study is one of the few exploratory research projects that probe into the inclusion of dispositional greed in the dark triads\u27 list of factors that increase the probability of problem gambling. Findings add to our understanding of risky gambling behaviors and suggest that further study on the part of dispositional greed is necessary. Additionally, it identifies a potential point of intervention and prevention for harmful gambling behavior