Juglone Effects by Dual Way on mTOR Gene Expression, Which Plays Central Role in Cell Growth, Survival and Metabolism, in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines

Background/Aims: Juglone, as a naphthoquinone, has been shown to have cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in various cancer cells and besides this effects it was reported to have anti-invasive and anti-metastatic effects in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells in our previous studies. In this study, we investigated the effects of juglone on GRP75, TFAM and mTOR genes encoding key proteins associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and activation in PANC-1 and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells since mitochondria has central roles in cancer cell survival, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Methods: In our study; 5, 10, 15 and 20 μM juglone doses were selected as the application doses considering the IC50 value determined after MTT test results and the expressions of the target genes were analyzed by qPCR method after application of juglone doses for 24 hours. Results: Our study results revealed that juglone had an opposite and strong effects on mTOR expression in both cell lines. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that juglone has a developable potential and is a promising theurapeutic agent to develop new strategies for the battle with cancer with those effects on mTOR gene which plays a central role in cellular homeostasis and several cellular events including cell growth, survival and metabolism

Production and characterization of bulgur bran hemicelulose based nanocelulose reinforced biodegradable films

YÖK Tez No: 634533Günümüzde gıda ambalajlama uygulamalarında kullanılan birçok malzeme fosil yakıtlardan üretilmektedir. Bu malzemeler, yenilenemeyen ve gerçek anlamda biyolojik olarak bozunamayan özellikte olup, büyük çevresel sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Petrol gibi fosil yakıtlardan üretilen sentetik ambalaj malzemelerine en iyi alternatif ise biyoplastikler olarak görülmektedir. Biyoplastik üretimi için kullanılan kaynaklardan biri de lignoselülozik materyallerdir. Lignoselülozik biyokütlenin yapısı selüloz, hemiselüloz ve ligninden oluşmakta ve doğada çok yüksek miktarda bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada lignoselülozik kaynak olarak, ülkemizde bulgur üretiminden yılda 100.000 tondan fazla miktarda elde edilen ve düşük katma değere sahip olan bulgur kepeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgur kepeği yapısından hemiselüloz fraksiyonu alkali özütleme tekniği ile ayrılmış ve biyobozunur film hammaddesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Biyofilmlerin ticarileşmesinde önemli bir engel olan suda çözünürlük oranının düşürülmesi ve filmlerin mekanik özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla kristal (CNC) ve fibril (CNF) formda nanoselüloz katkılama yapılmıştır. Sitrik asitin biyofilmler üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Tepki yüzey metodolojisi (TYM) ve Box-Behnken deney tasarımı kullanılarak sitrik asit, CNC ve CNF katkılama oranları, biyofilmlerin suda çözünürlük değerinin azaltılması hedefine yönelik olarak optimize edilmiştir. Optimizasyon sonucunda %10 (a/a) CNC ve %10 (a/a) CNF katkılanan biyofilmlerin suda çözünürlük değerlerinin katkısız filmlere oranla %21,2 azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sitrik asit katkılanması ise suda çözünürlük değerini arttırmıştır. Son aşamada ise, optimum noktada üretilen biyofilmler karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, nanoselüloz katkısının filmlerin mekanik özelliklerini iyileştirdiği, suda çözünürlüğü, su buharı iletim hızını, su buharı geçirgenliğini ve ışık geçirgenliğini azalttığı, termal özellikleri, biyobozunma süresini ve asit-baz dayanımını arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Nanoselüloz katkılamanın filmlerin homojen yapısını bozmadığı da taramalı elektron mikroskopisi (SEM) analiziyle tespit edilmiştir.Today, many materials used in food packaging applications are produced from fossil fuels. These materials are non-renewable and not truly biodegradable, and cause major environmental problems. The best alternative to synthetic packaging materials produced from fossil fuels such as petroleum is considered as bioplastics. One of the sources used for bioplastics production is lignocellulosic materials. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and is present at very high amounts in nature. In this study, bulgur bran was used as a lignocellulosic source, which is obtained more than 100,000 tons per year from bulgur production in our country and has low added value. Hemicellulose fraction was separated from bulgur bran structure by alkali extraction technique and used as biodegradable film raw material. Nanocelluloses in crystal (CNC) and fibril (CNF) form were incorporated in order to reduce the water solubility, which is an important obstacle in the commercialization of biofilms, and to improve the mechanical properties of the films. The effect of citric acid on biofilms was also investigated. Using the response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design, incorporation amounts of citric acid, CNC and CNF have been optimized for the aim of reducing the water solubility of biofilms. As a result of the optimization, it was determined that the water solubility of 10% (w/w) CNC and 10% (w/w) CNF-added biofilms was decreased by 21.2% compared to films without additive. Incorporation of citric acid increased the water solubility. At the last stage, biofilms produced at the optimum point were characterized. As a result, it has been determined that the nanocellulose incorporation improves mechanical properties of the films, reduces water solubility, water vapor transmission rate, water vapor permability and light transmittance, increases thermal properties, biodegradation time and acid-base durability. It was also determined by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis that the incorporation of nanocelluloses did not disrupt the homogeneous structure of the films. Keywords: Bulgur bran, alkaline extraction, hemicellulose, nanocellulose, biodegradable film, response surface methodology

Analysis of Computed Tomography Images of Lung Cancer Patients with The Marker Controlled Based Method Akciğer Kanseri Hastalarının Bilgisayarlı Tomografi Görüntülerinin İşaretçi Kontrollü Havza Yöntemi ile Analizi

© 2022 IEEE.In this study, it was aimed to obtain the tumor region from computed tomography images after a number of pre-processes using the Marker-Controlled watershed segmentation. In accordance with this purpose, tumor segmentation was performed using four different data sets. Segmentation success was analyzed with the Jaccard index method in terms of similarity rates to the reference images. The index was calculated as average 0.8231 for the RIDER lung CT dataset, 0.8365 for the lung 1 dataset, 0.8578 for the lung 3 dataset and 0.8641 for the LIDC-IDRI dataset. Our current work on the practical and successful segmentation of lung tumor has been promising for next steps

Bulgur bran as a biopolymer source: Production and characterization of nanocellulose-reinforced hemicellulose-based biodegradable films with decreased water solubility

WOS:000694802000002Bulgur bran is a lignocellulosic side-stream of bulgur production factories. Separation of bulgur bran into cel-lulose- and hemicellulose-rich fractions paved the way of utilization of this under-exploited agro-industrial biomass. Although hemicellulose-based biodegradable food packaging films provide significant advantages, their high water solubility and low mechanical strength are obstacles to their commercialization. To overcome these bottlenecks, commercial cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) were incorporated into the hemicellulose matrix. Besides, addition of citric acid (CA) was investigated for its plasticizing effect. To minimize the film water solubility (FWS) statistical optimization by Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) was employed. The proposed full-quadratic model was found to have high accuracy (R2 =0.9877) within 95 % confidence interval. The results revealed that 10 % (w/w) CNC- and 10 % (w/w) CNF- incorporated films exhibited 21.3 % reduction in FWS compared to neat films. CNC- and CNF-reinforced films showed a compact structure in SEM analysis. CNC and CNF as fillers in the hemicellulose network markedly improved the tensile strength of the films. Nanocellulose incorporation caused a decrease in water vapor permeability (WVP), light transmittance, total color difference and biodegradability of the films. The properties of nanocellulose-reinforced and neat films were also compared using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dif-ferential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Presence of nano-celluloses in the films increased the glass transition temperature (Tg) by around 15 ◦C as shown by DSC analysis

Comparison of two diagnostic criteria in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in a tertiary adult allergy clinic

Background: Anaphylaxis is a very dynamic issue with its incidence and trigger profile changing over the years. We aimed to compile the characteristics of anaphylaxis cases diagnosed in our clinic prospectively and to make a comparison between diagnostic criteria proposed by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN) and World Allergy Organization (WAO). Method: Three-item diagnostic criteria recommended by NIAID/FAAN (2006) were used in the diagnosis of anaphylaxis. The clinical features of the cases, risk factors, etiologies, severity of anaphylaxis, and treatment approach were determined. The same patients were also classified by current WAO diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 204 patients (158F/46 M, median age 45.3 years) were included. Drugs (65.2%), venom (9.8%) and food allergies (9.3%) were the top 3 etiologies. Among drug triggers, chemotherapeutics were the most common (17.7%), followed by antibiotics (15.3%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (14.2%). The patients were mostly diagnosed with the second criterion (84.8%), followed by the first criterion (11.8%) and the third criterion (3.4%) of the NIAID/FAAN criteria. In terms of WAO criteria, 82.8% of the patients were diagnosed with the first criterion, and 14.3% with the second criterion while 2.9% of the patients did not meet the WAO criteria. The severity of anaphylaxis was evaluated as grade-2, 3 and 4 in 30.9%, 64.2%, and 4.9% of the patients, respectively. Adrenaline was administered to 31.9% of the patients especially who had angioedema and bronchospasm (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Our data suggest that covering more details in patient's history may prevent possible underdiagnosis and WAO diagnostic criteria seem to be insufficient in some patients. We believe that our results will contribute to the literature on anaphylaxis and would be groundwork for future studies

Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Presenting with Hypertension and Acute Renal Failure

Abdominal aort anevrizması, aortik plaklardaki inflamatuar hücrele- rin retroperitoneal bölgeye kaçağına bağlı olarak nadir olarak retro- peritoneal fibrozise neden olabilir. Biz de abdominal aort anevrizma- sı ve buna sekonder retroperitoneal fibrozisi hipertansiyon ve akut böbrek yetmezliği ile prezente olan hastayı sunmayı amaçladıkAbdominal aortic aneurysm can rarely cause retroperitoneal fibrosis secondary to the leakage of inflammatory cells from aortic plaques to the retroperitoneal area. In this study, we present a case with severe hy- pertension and acute renal failure secondary to retroperitoneal fibrosis related to abdominal aortic aneurys

Determinations of the effects antifouling copper pyrithione on total hemocyte counts of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis)

WOS: 000431396400003In the present study, total hemocyte counts of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Black mussel), indicator species for marine pollution, was investigated after exposed to 10 and 30 mu g/L sublethal CuPT for 24 and 96 hours. The total hemocyte counts were significantly decreased at group exposed to CuPT for control group. Total hemocyte counts are good biomarker for determining the effects of antifouling agents and other contaminants to the marine ecosystems