27 research outputs found
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ± ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΊ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠ½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ²Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΌΡ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ.In the article, the method of numerical calculation of dependence of the current of a high voltage glow discharge electron gun from the parameters of the electromagnetic valve as the element of a gas-dynamic control system is considered. The analytical relation has been obtained which allows to approximate with the high accuracy the dependence of the current of an electron gun from the voltage on the coil of an electromagnetic valve. Obtained results are very interesting to the engineers in the area of designing of electron-beam equipment.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Mechanisms of peroxisome proliferator-induced DNA hypomethylation in rat liverβ
Genomic hypomethylation is a consistent finding in both human and animal tumors and mounting experimental evidence suggests a key role for epigenetic events in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, it has been suggested that early changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications may serve as sensitive predictive markers in animal testing for carcinogenic potency of environmental agents. Alterations in metabolism of methyl donors, disturbances in activity and/or expression of DNA methyltransferases, and presence of DNA single-strand breaks could contribute to the loss of cytosine methylation during carcinogenesis; however, the precise mechanisms of genomic hypomethylation induced by chemical carcinogens remain largely unknown. This study examined the mechanism of DNA hypomethylation during hepatocarcinogenesis induced by peroxisome proliferators WY-14,643 (4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-pyrimidynylthioacetic acid) and DEHP (di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate), agents acting through non-genotoxic mode of action. In the liver of male Fisher 344 rats exposed to WY-14,643 (0.1% (w/w), 5 months), the level of genomic hypomethylation increased by ~2-fold, as compared to age-matched controls, while in the DEHP group (1.2% (w/w), 5 months) DNA methylation did not change. Global DNA hypomethylation in livers from WY-14,643 group was accompanied by the accumulation of DNA single-strand breaks, increased cell proliferation, and diminished expression of DNA methyltransferase 1, while the metabolism of methyl donors was not affected. In contrast, none of these parameters changed significantly in rats fed DEHP. Since WY-14,643 is much more potent carcinogen than DEHP, we conclude that the extent of loss of DNA methylation may be related to the carcinogenic potential of the chemical agent, and that accumulation of DNA single-strand breaks coupled to the increase in cell proliferation and altered DNA methyltransferase expression may explain genomic hypomethylation during peroxisome proliferator-induced carcinogenesis
Hepatic epigenetic phenotype predetermines individual susceptibility to hepatic steatosis in mice fed a lipogenic methyl-deficient diet
The importance of epigenetic changes in etiology and pathogenesis of disease has been increasingly recognized. However, the role of epigenetic alterations in the genesis of hepatic steatosis and cause of individual susceptibilities to this pathological state are largely unknown
Simulation of energetic efficiency of triode high voltage glow discharge electron sources with account of temperature of electrons and its mobility in anode plasma
The article proposes an iterative technique of calculation of energetic efficiency of triode high voltage glow discharge electron sourcesβ, based on taking into account the influence of heating of anode plasma by the accelerated electrons of electron beam and by the slow secondary discharge electrons, reflected from the anode. The increase of temperature of anode plasma influences itsβ volume, as well as the concentration and mobility of ionsβ in it. Therefore, the proposed model allows obtaining the corrected values of discharge current and energetic efficiency of electron sources by taking into account the thermodynamic parameters of anode plasma. In addition, one of the advantages of proposed iterative calculation technique is that the model is closed and self-consistent, therefore, it does not demand use of approximated data about the thermodynamic parameters of discharge plasma from references
Numerical simulation of distribution of electric field and particle trajectories in electron sources based on high-voltage glow discharge
A new method is suggested for numerical simulation of self-congruent electron-ion optics in electron sources based on high-voltage glow discharge. The method uses the tubes of current and permits to consider the impact of recharges and the spread of electrons in velocities on the focal energetic parameters of the shaped electron beam. The simulation results are included
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Simulink Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°
Means of simulation of electronic circuits in software package Simulink are considered in the article using the model of a transistor amplifier as an example, assembled as a common-emitter circuit. It is shown, that for making models of electronic components mathematical blocks are very important, and for simulation of electrical connections the blocks of electrical and electronic components are convenient to use. For simulation of complex electronic systems the block-hierarchical approach is very suitable. It is shown, that the means of simulation in software package Simulink are very effective for making the models of electronic circuits and that they can be the real alternative to CAD software for the modern electronic circuits simulation.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Simulink Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Simulink ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Simulink Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡ ΡΠ· Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈ, Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·βΡΠ΄Π½Π°Π½Ρ Π·ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΡΠ΄. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Simulink Ρ Π΄ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ Π°Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ
ΠΠ»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
An algorithm of calculation of the focal distance of a hollow conical electron beam, formed by high voltage glow discharge electron guns, as well as the calculation of the diameter and thickness of a focal ring of such a beam, are considered in the article. The proposed algorithm is based on the model of free moving of electrons in the anode plasma and formed on the base of the laws of electron optics with using the methods of discrete mathematics and minimax analysis. Obtained simulation results allow to find the important regularities, which characterized the dependencies of focal parameters of a hollow conical electron beam, formed by the high voltage glow discharge electron guns, on the constructive parameters of electrodesβ system of the electron gun.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ.Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π² Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΡ ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ²
The method for interpolating the dependence of the electron beam radius on the cutting plane position by the longitudinal coordinate, based on using the special class of interpolation functions, was investigated in this article. The roots of n-th order from the polynomials of the same order are used as the class of interpolation functions, which correspond to the ravine dependence of the radius of a short-focus electron beam on the distance of propagation. The results of testing have shown that, depending on choosing the set of basic points, including its position relatively to the minimum and their quantity, the relative interpolation error is between 0,7% and 8%. Obtained results of mathematical simulation of focal parameters of electron beams have the significant practical importance for the specialists, involved in the development and introduction into industrial production of modern highly effective electron-beam technological equipment.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ n ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ, Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ
0,7β8%. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ², Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΡΠ° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π·ΡΡΠ·Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ. Π―ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ, ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π΄ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠ΄ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ n Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ, Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΌΡΠΌΡ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ
0,7 β 8%. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠΊΡΠ² Ρ Π²ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π½Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²ΠΎ
Π‘ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ
The system of constructive geometrical parameters of the model of electrodesβ systems of high voltage glow discharge electron guns, producing the profile electron beams with the ring-like focus, is considered in the article. The distinguishing feature of a proposed model is taking the slope angle of generating line of the conic anode surface relatively to the electrodesβ system symmetry axis as the basic parameter. The set of inequalities has been constructed which defines the geometrical, physical and computing limitations on the constructive parameters of a simulated system, as well as its technological tolerable limits. The complete, closed and consistent system of geometrical parameters of a model of electrodesβ systems of high voltage glow discharge electron guns, producing profile electron beams with the ring-like focus, have been created as a result of conducted research. Formed limitations to the constructive modelβs parameters, written as the set of inequalities, have been used in the software application, intended for simulation of high voltage glow discharge electron guns electrodesβ systems, for the purpose of control of input model parameters at the first step of a computer simulation.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ» Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
. ΠΒ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π°Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°, Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.Π ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π· ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΄ΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΎ ΡΠΊ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½Ρ, ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΡ
. Π―ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ· ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ
Π³Π°ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ, Π· ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏβΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ
Analytical calculations of anode plasma position in high-voltage discharge range in case of auxiliary discharge firing
We consider the mathematical model of triode high-voltage glow discharge range in case of auxiliary discharge firing. On a basis of analysis of elementary processes of charged particles interaction in a discharge range we obtain analytical relation, which allows to obtain the anode plasma position with regard to the cathode. Obtained results can be used for analysis of analysis of energy balance in a discharge range and self-maintained electron-ion optics of high voltage glow discharge electron sources in case of electrical control of electron beam current