Analysis of socioeconomic factors that dampen the flow of foreign direct investment

It is difficult to neglect the prominence of socio-economic factors that dampen the flow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to a country, inspite of either being developed or developing. This study, however, looked into such factors that affect FDI inflows towards Pakistan.This study gains appreciable position due to an attempt of looking into the theoretical perception, some of whom are tested while others are not, that explain such determinants of FDI.Exercising Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique of investigation on data ranging from 1974 to 2014 along with Error Correction Model (ECM) and bound test, some interesting facts, apart from conventional, though not in Pakistan or either quite rare, are found on the socioeconomic variables mix chosen in this research.It is suggested that the government is to look for specific policies to cater the problem of corruption that is found as a major hinge in the way of FDI inflows

Cancer biomarker development from basic science to clinical practice

The amount of published literature on biomarkers has exponentially increased over the last two decades. Cancer biomarkers are molecules that are either part of tumour cells or secreted by tumour cells. Biomarkers can be used for diagnosing cancer (tumour versus normal and differentiation of subtypes), prognosticating patients (progression free survival and overall survival) and predicting response to therapy. However, very few biomarkers are currently used in clinical practice compared to the unprecedented discovery rate. Some of the examples are: carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) for colon cancer; prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate; and estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 for breast cancer. Cancer biomarkers passes through a series of phases before they are used in clinical practice. First phase in biomarker development is identification of biomarkers which involve discovery, demonstration and qualification. This is followed by validation phase, which includes verification, prioritisation and initial validation. More large-scale and outcome-oriented validation studies expedite the clinical translation of biomarkers by providing a strong ‘evidence base’. The final phase in biomarker development is the routine clinical use of biomarker. In summary, careful identification of biomarkers and then validation in well-designed retrospective and prospective studies is a systematic strategy for developing clinically useful biomarkers

Inter Relationship between Team Conflict Management, Employee Satisfaction and Organizational Performance

Team work in competitive environment has attained greater Importance for organizations to enhance their performance. This paper is described the team conflict management with its antecedence like trust, task interdependence and managerial coping skill, whereas dependent variables i.e. team conflict management styles, employees satisfaction and organizational performance has been chosen as outcomes. To evaluate the deduction of other studies have been made part of this paper. This paper is conceptual in nature henceforth, relations between independently and dependent variables have been described. Studies proved that there is a strong relation between team conflict management with employee’s satisfaction and organizational Performance. It is recommended that to Executives, Managers Trust and Task interdependence between the team members have positive impact on TCMS (Team conflict management styles). Present paper provides the solution to handle the conflicts within the team and with the team. Future research is directed for its empirical testing of TCMS model†should be replaced with sound implication

Prevalence of Poor Sleep and Relationship of Physical Exercise with Sleep among Male Adult Exercisers

Physical exercise has been suggested to show beneficial effects for various diseases and also for sleep. This study aims to assess the prevalence of sleep problems, and the relationship of physical exercise with sleep health among adult male exercisers. A total of 199 randomly selected athletes (all males) took part in this study. All participants responded to a questionnaire consisted of items related to demographic information that also included sports participation level, and playing experience. Self-reported sleep quality and physical exercise were using PQSI and three items concerning exercise frequency, intensity, and duration. The analysis revealed following main findings: 1) a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and sleep medication, 2) a significantly negative relationship between sports/ exercise participation level and sleep disturbance, 3) an 3.7 average global score of PSQI in total sample, 4) Exercise frequency was negatively correlated with daytime dysfunction whereas exercise intensity was negatively correlated with sleep disturbance and sleep efficiency but positively correlated with daytime dysfunction, 5) and prevalence of poor sleep in 22 % participants. There is some possibility to suggest that exercise may improve sleep health among adult male exercisers. The increased exercise frequency more positive impact to improve sleep but the relationship between exercise intensity and sleep remains inconclusive. existence of sleep problems in athletic population essentially require further attention for reducing the prevalence of poor sleep using other approaches along with continue doing exercise for good sleep

Foreign capital inflows and employment : evidence from South Asian countries

This study is conducted to enlighten the first-line issue of Foreign Capital Inflows (FCI) and employment in South Asian countries such as Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. These countries are inclined to have heavy FCI, since realize the deficiency of capital as root cause of their macroeconomic problems. The study reveals that FCI are evident in their escalation towards South Asian countries however, are less prompt in the evacuation of depressed state of employment. The study was to analyze secondary data for two periods i.e. 1972 to 2014 and 1980 to 2014. Autoregressive distributed lag, impulse response and variance decomposition, fully modified ordinary least square, seemingly unrelated regression, and Granger causality analyses were performed to validate and measure the effects of FCI onto the level of employment. The analyses of autoregressive distributed lag reveal assorted outcomes of each category of FCI at either of the countryside whereas analytics of fully modified ordinary least square divulge worker remittances as the only form of FCI that ascertain positive relationship with employed labor force of South Asian countries. The results of impulse response and variance decomposition also illustrate different impacts of each of the component of FCI whereby Granger causality analyses confirm the causality between employed labor force and the components of FCI. At large, seemingly unrelated regression results suggest that the combined effects of FCI are significant and positive while South Asian countries are segregated. The study concludes to be as substantial for the governments and policy makers of South Asian countries to have different consideration among FCI. The implementation of pragmatic policy can lead towards much more of the progressive fallouts of such vital FCI on raising employment in such countrie

Ecological Study of Vanellus indicus in District Narowal, Pakistan

Red wattled lapwing is commonly found and endemic species of Asian agricultural lands. Its preferred habitat is airy lands, rural and even urban areas. The main aims of current investigatory effort were the observation of different parameters of breeding ecology of Vanellus indicus including breeding sites, incubation period, the clutch size, survival rate of chicks and possible reasons of their mortality which are localized in Narowal district. Red wattled lapwings forage on several types of insects, snails, seeds, and of invertebrates. Experimental observations highlight that the annual breeding season is of average 26-30 days of V. Indicus begins from the March and till the end of August. Moreover, the weight of their eggs falls between 22.0 to 28.0g. These findings about local species may serve for next experimental designs based of on V. indicus and further focus should be on those factors which may improve its breeding. Similarly, the estimation of feeding preferences of this species can directly help in low cost biological control management for crops

Impact of Industrial Production and FDI on CO2 Emissions in Pakistan

The impact of industrial growth and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission is not an ignorable issue. The environmental issues have always affected the developing countries. In this study, an effort is made to identify the impact of industrial growth and FDI on CO2 emission in Pakistan covering the time period 1980 to 2020. To do the analyses, econometric technique of Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) is used. Results show that the energy depletion, industrial value added, and FDI have negative impact on CO2 emission. Therefore, the suggestion is to frame worry less policy in entertaining these sources of economic growth since are altogether efficient in having no traces of negative effects on environment

Impact Of After Sale Service Characteristics on Customer Satisfaction

Researcher examines the impact of after sale service characteristics on customer satisfaction in home appliance industry of Pakistan. To what extent does characteristics like delivery time, installation of product, warranty time of product, feedback implementations and quality of service provided satisfies customers? In this globalized market, organizations try to differentiate themselves, so they tend to provide value added services to its customers; according their needs and wants. After detail and extensive review of literature researcher found that after sale service is essential in retaining and satisfying customers. Due to limited time, quantitative study is not possible. Practically our study benefitted for the manager of the organization that are mostly related to home appliances, so that they can check the customers trend towards after sale services characteristics i.e. delivery, installation, warranty, service quality and feedback