Study of Evolutionary Structural Optimization and Applications

In this study, the evolutionary topological design of 2D structural systems was conducted by using ANSYS software. Since the material that is used in structures is not homogenous in general, the maximum and minimum principal stresses were taken into consideration in this study. Besides, these stresses were used as delimiters. The purpose of the designed algorithm, which was used in the analysis, was to gradually eliminate elements from the structure, to control the intense increase in the maximum stresses, and to optimize the structure by obtaining a homogenous stress distribution. Keywords: evolutionary structural optimization (ESO), finite element analysis (FEA

Estimation of Nuclear DNA Content in Some Aegilops Species: Best Analyzed Using Flow Cytometry

The genera Triticum and Aegilops have been considered as the main gene pool of wheat due to their features, such as tolerance of all types of abiotic and biotic stresses. This study was conducted to evaluate the cytogenetic analyses in 115 native and wild populations from eleven Aegilops species using their nuclear DNA quantification. Mean 2C nuclear DNA contents of different ploidy levels in the wild wheat of Turkey and Iran were measured using the flow cytometry technique. The obtained results showed that the mean nuclear DNA content in diploid species varied from 10.09 pg/2C (Ae. umbellulata) to 10.95 pg/2C (Ae. speltoides var. ligustica) in Turkey. In Iranian diploids, the mean nuclear DNA content varied from 10.20 pg/2C (Ae. taushii) to 11.56 pg/2C (Ae. speltoides var. ligustica). This index in the tetraploid species of Turkey varied from 18.09 pg/2C (Ae. cylindrica) to 21.65 pg/2C (Ae. triaristata), and in Iranian species, it was from 18.61 pg/2C (Ae. cylindrica) to 21.75 pg/2C (Ae. columnaris). On the other hand, in the hexaploid species of Turkey, this index varied from 31.59 pg/2C (Ae. crassa) to 31.81 pg/2C (Ae. cylindrica); in the Iranian species, it varied from 32.58 pg/2C (Ae. cylindrica) to 33.97 pg/2C (Ae. crassa). There was a significant difference in the DNA content of Turkey and Iran diploid as well as tetraploid species; however, in hexaploid species, the difference was not significant. It was concluded that the variation in intraspecific genome size was very low in diploid and tetraploid populations; this means that the low variation is not dependent on geographic and climatic parameters. On the other hand, the interspecific variation is significant at the diploid and tetraploid populations. It is generally very difficult to distinguish Aegilops species from each other in natural conditions; meanwhile, in this study, all species could be, easily, quickly and unambiguously, distinguished and separated using the FCM technique

Influence Of Some Envıronmental Factors On Mılk Yıeld And Mılk Components Traıts In Jersey Cows

WOS: 000485852800016This study was conducted to assess the effects of stage of lactation, parity and sampling season on milk yield and milk components in Jersey cows in Karakoy State Farm, Turkey. The data set consisted of 2657 milk records of 204 Jersey cows collected from September 2011 to December 2013. For this purpose, test day milk yield (TDMY) records and milk samples were taken once a month for 10-month period after parturition. The effect of stage of lactation, parity and sampling season on TDMY, fat percentage, protein percentage, fat yield and protein yield were found statistically significant (P<0.01). TDMY were correlated with fat percentage (-0.235) and protein percentage negatively (-0.254) but with fat yield (0.755) and protein yield positively (0.950) (P<0.01). In conclusion, these results suggest animal breeders that the effects of lactation stage, parity and sampling season may be taken into account in husbandry management to improve the milk yield and milk quality in Jersey cows.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110 O 821]This study was supported by TUBITAK (Project no: 110 O 821)

Effects of lactation month and season on test-day milk yield and milk components in Holstein cows

WOS: 000422710100029This study aims to determine the correlations between the test-day milk yield (TDMY) and the fat and protein content as well as the fat and protein yields in Holstein dairy cows and to investigate the effects of lactation period and sampling season on these parameters. The study material consists of 1.380 records of a total of 151 head of Holstein dairy cows raised on a private farm in Samsun province. In the study, the mean TDMY, fat content, protein content, fat yield and protein yield were recorded as 20.6 +/- 5.10 kg, 3.97 +/- 0.734%, 3.23 +/- 0.276%, 0.81 +/- 0.210 kg and 0.66 +/- 0.160 kg, respectively. The effects of lactation period and sampling season on the TDMY, fat content, protein content, fat yield and protein yield were found statistically significant (P<0.01). Statistically significant negative correlations were determined between the TDMY and the fat and protein content, but positive and statistically significant (P<0.01) correlations between the TDMY and the fat and protein yields. In conclusion, it might be stated that the effects of lactation period and sampling season should also be taken into account to improve milk yield and milk components.TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110 O 821]This study was supported by TUBITAK (Project no: 110 O 821

Vibration suppression of an elastic beam via sliding mode control

This paper presents experimental results of sliding mode control (SMC) technique applied to an elastic beam. The aim of the controller is to suppress first two vibration modes of the beam. Mathematical model of the beam is a finite dimensional model obtained from the Bernoulli-Euler beam equation. As the system states are to be available in order to design the SMC, an observer has been designed to obtain the states of the system by measuring tip deflection of the beam. By using observed states of the finite dimensional model, SMC is designed and applied to the elastic beam giving thoroughly suppressed vibration modes

Primary Ovarian Monochorionic Twin Ectopic Pregnancy A Case Report

BACKROUND: Primary ovarian pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic gestation and one that is often diagnosed only at the time of surgery