Trust, distrust, and trustworthiness in argumentation: Virtues and fallacies

What is trust? How does it function as a primary virtue for persuasive arguments? How does its presumption contribute to the effectiveness of an argument’s persuasiveness? This presentation will explore these questions and the controversy among scholars regarding how trust is generated and under what conditions it is lost. We will also discuss whether inauthentic trustworthiness is a manipulation used for gaining a fallacious advantage in argumentation

Perceived Effectiveness of Acupuncture: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey

Background: Knowledge of perceived benefit from acupuncture treatment is important to predict who is using acupuncture, to inform physicians of the possible benefits of acupuncture, to determine where rigorous research should be focused, and to help policy makers predict future demand. Objectives: To determine the proportions of survey respondents who reported perceived effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for specific conditions; and to determine the association of specified demographic variables with perceived effectiveness. Design, Setting, and Participants: Publicly available data from 31,044 noninstitutionalized US adults who participated in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey, a cross-sectional in-home computer-assisted interview. Outcome Measures: The proportions of participants reporting “any help” and “great help” for perceived effectiveness across conditions treated and per condition treated; and the association of the subgroups within age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), along with the subgroups Asian race and Chinese ethnicity, with “any help” of acupuncture treatment across conditions treated. Results: Of the 1,274 respondents who reported having consulted an acupuncturist, 329 had used acupuncture in the last 12 months; 276 had used acupuncture to treat a specific condition. A total of 86% of respondents reported being helped by acupuncture, while 45% reported being greatly helped across conditions treated. In an examination of specific conditions treated, the range for “any help” was 98% to 67%, and 98% to 7% in the “great help” outcome. Older age and obesity were negatively associated with perceived effectiveness statistically but not clinically. Asian race and Chinese ethnicity were not statistically significantly associated with perceived effectiveness. Conclusions: Acupuncture is perceived to be effective by most respondents who used it to treat a specific condition. Older age and obesity are negatively associated with perceived effectiveness, but not at a clinically significant level. A larger sample of Asian and Chinese subgroups is needed to determine if there is an association of these subgroups with perceived benefit

Être bien attaché à la vie : sécurité routière dans les familles anicinabek

La sous-utilisation des sièges d’auto pour enfants par les Autochtones du Canada pourrait nous laisser penser que les parents autochtones se préoccupent peu de la sécurité de leurs enfants. Nous déconstruisons cette hypothèse en analysant la constitution de programmes d’intervention visant l’amélioration de la sécurité routière dans deux communautés anicinabek du Québec, Lac-Simon et Kitcisakik. Les préoccupations des membres de ces communautés et les angles d’intervention qu’ils désiraient privilégier afin de réduire les risques de blessures causées par des accidents de véhicules motorisés montrent que les enfants occupent un espace symbolique important. Plutôt qu’un résultat de la négligence parentale, la sous-utilisation de sièges d’auto pour enfants semble notamment due à la pauvreté dans laquelle vivent plusieurs familles autochtones. De plus, la sécurité de la jeunesse semble être une motivation amenant les communautés et leurs membres vers un processus de transformation. Cet article nous renseigne aussi sur le type d’éducation ainsi que sur la conception de la famille privilégiée par les Anicinabek. Tenir compte de ces éléments culturels dans le développement des programmes d’intervention permet d’adapter l’action au contexte local.The underutilization of child car seats among Canadian Aboriginals could let us think that Aboriginal parents care little for the safety of their children. We unpack this hypothesis through analysing the establishment of intervention programs aimed at improving road safety in two Anicinabek communities of Quebec, Lac-Simon and Kitcisakik. The concerns of these communities’ members and the types of actions they wish to prioritize in order to reduce the harm caused by motorized vehicle accidents show that children hold an important symbolic space. Rather than the result of parental negligence, the underutilization of child car seats appears in great part due to the poverty in which a number of Aboriginal families live. Furthermore, youth safety seems to be a motivation leading communities and their members on the path of change. This article also informs us on the type of education and the concept of family that are most frequent among the Anicinabek. Taking these cultural elements into account in the development of intervention programs allows for the adaptation of action to the local context

Être bien attaché à la vie : sécurité routière dans les familles anicinabek

La sous-utilisation des sièges d’auto pour enfants par les Autochtones du Canada pourrait nous laisser penser que les parents autochtones se préoccupent peu de la sécurité de leurs enfants. Nous déconstruisons cette hypothèse en analysant la constitution de programmes d’intervention visant l’amélioration de la sécurité routière dans deux communautés anicinabek du Québec, Lac-Simon et Kitcisakik. Les préoccupations des membres de ces communautés et les angles d’intervention qu’ils désiraient privilégier afin de réduire les risques de blessures causées par des accidents de véhicules motorisés montrent que les enfants occupent un espace symbolique important. Plutôt qu’un résultat de la négligence parentale, la sous-utilisation de sièges d’auto pour enfants semble notamment due à la pauvreté dans laquelle vivent plusieurs familles autochtones. De plus, la sécurité de la jeunesse semble être une motivation amenant les communautés et leurs membres vers un processus de transformation. Cet article nous renseigne aussi sur le type d’éducation ainsi que sur la conception de la famille privilégiée par les Anicinabek. Tenir compte de ces éléments culturels dans le développement des programmes d’intervention permet d’adapter l’action au contexte local.The underutilization of child car seats among Canadian Aboriginals could let us think that Aboriginal parents care little for the safety of their children. We unpack this hypothesis through analysing the establishment of intervention programs aimed at improving road safety in two Anicinabek communities of Quebec, Lac-Simon and Kitcisakik. The concerns of these communities’ members and the types of actions they wish to prioritize in order to reduce the harm caused by motorized vehicle accidents show that children hold an important symbolic space. Rather than the result of parental negligence, the underutilization of child car seats appears in great part due to the poverty in which a number of Aboriginal families live. Furthermore, youth safety seems to be a motivation leading communities and their members on the path of change. This article also informs us on the type of education and the concept of family that are most frequent among the Anicinabek. Taking these cultural elements into account in the development of intervention programs allows for the adaptation of action to the local context

Être bien attaché à la vie : sécurité routière dans les familles anicinabek

La sous-utilisation des sièges d’auto pour enfants par les Autochtones du Canada pourrait nous laisser penser que les parents autochtones se préoccupent peu de la sécurité de leurs enfants. Nous déconstruisons cette hypothèse en analysant la constitution de programmes d’intervention visant l’amélioration de la sécurité routière dans deux communautés anicinabek du Québec, Lac-Simon et Kitcisakik. Les préoccupations des membres de ces communautés et les angles d’intervention qu’ils désiraient privilégier afin de réduire les risques de blessures causées par des accidents de véhicules motorisés montrent que les enfants occupent un espace symbolique important. Plutôt qu’un résultat de la négligence parentale, la sous-utilisation de sièges d’auto pour enfants semble notamment due à la pauvreté dans laquelle vivent plusieurs familles autochtones. De plus, la sécurité de la jeunesse semble être une motivation amenant les communautés et leurs membres vers un processus de transformation. Cet article nous renseigne aussi sur le type d’éducation ainsi que sur la conception de la famille privilégiée par les Anicinabek. Tenir compte de ces éléments culturels dans le développement des programmes d’intervention permet d’adapter l’action au contexte local.The underutilization of child car seats among Canadian Aboriginals could let us think that Aboriginal parents care little for the safety of their children. We unpack this hypothesis through analysing the establishment of intervention programs aimed at improving road safety in two Anicinabek communities of Quebec, Lac-Simon and Kitcisakik. The concerns of these communities’ members and the types of actions they wish to prioritize in order to reduce the harm caused by motorized vehicle accidents show that children hold an important symbolic space. Rather than the result of parental negligence, the underutilization of child car seats appears in great part due to the poverty in which a number of Aboriginal families live. Furthermore, youth safety seems to be a motivation leading communities and their members on the path of change. This article also informs us on the type of education and the concept of family that are most frequent among the Anicinabek. Taking these cultural elements into account in the development of intervention programs allows for the adaptation of action to the local context

Être bien attaché à la vie : sécurité routière dans les familles anicinabek

The underutilization of child car seats among Canadian Aboriginals could let us think that Aboriginal parents care little for the safety of their children. We unpack this hypothesis through analysing the establishment of intervention programs aimed at improving road safety in two Anicinabek communities of Quebec, Lac-Simon and Kitcisakik. The concerns of these communities’ members and the types of actions they wish to prioritize in order to reduce the harm caused by motorized vehicle accidents show that children hold an important symbolic space. Rather than the result of parental negligence, the underutilization of child car seats appears in great part due to the poverty in which a number of Aboriginal families live. Furthermore, youth safety seems to be a motivation leading communities and their members on the path of change. This article also informs us on the type of education and the concept of family that are most frequent among the Anicinabek. Taking these cultural elements into account in the development of intervention programs allows for the adaptation of action to the local context

Racial/Ethnic Differences in Physician Distrust in the United States

Objectives. We examined the racial/ethnic and geographic variation in distrust of physicians in the United States