Organ selectivity of Juzen-taiho-to and Ninjin-yoei-to in the expression of anti-metastatic efficacy

本研究では,マウス結腸癌Colon26-L5細胞の門脈内移入により形成される肝転移および同細胞の尾静脈内移入により形成される肺転移に対する,十全大補湯および人参養栄湯の経口投与による抑制効果を検討した。十全大補湯は肝転移に対して有意に抑制したが,肺転移には抑制効果を示さなかった。これに対して,人参養栄湯は逆の効果,すなわち肝転移には効果を示さなかったが,肺転移に対して有意な抑制を示した。このように,同一の癌細胞と同系のマウスの転移病態モデルを用いて,二つの方剤の臓器選択的な転移抑制効果が観察された。このような効果発現の差異の解釈は,13世紀に確立されたtheory of Jingand Lun(引経報使)の考えに,部分的に通ずるものがあると思われる。 We investigated the inhibitory effect of oral administration of Juzen-taiho-to and Ninjin-yoei-to on liver metastasis caused by intraportal vein injection of colon 26-L5 cells and lung metastasis by intravenous injection of same tumor cells. Juzen-taiho-to significantly inhibited liver metastasis but not lung metastasis. In contrast, Ninjin-yoei-to was effective at inhibiting lung metastasis but not liver metastasis. In the experimental liver and lung metastases model using same tumor in syngeneic mice system, oral administration of both formulations showed a differential pattern with organ selectivity for the expression of anti-metastatic effects. These results suggest that the different expression of the anti-metastatic effects of both Kampo medicines on tumor metastasis are partly based on the medicinal guides according to the theory of Jing and Lun (Inkei-hoshi) formed in the 13th century

トクシマケン スポーツ ショウネンダン ニ サンカスル コドモ ノ オクガイ アソビ ト ショウネンダン カツドウ ノ カンケイ : イシイチョウ スポーツ ショウネンダンイン オ ジレイ トシテ

The purpose of this study is to reveal the relation between the outdoor play and sport activities of 67 members of Junior Sports Club (JSC) at Ishii-cho in Tokushima prefecture. We made the survey of the time budget，the attitude toward sports and the sport behavior of JSC members. First，we use a framework as the conception model of a child life space，which is composed of three axes: physical-mental activity space， free-controlled space from adults，private-formal space. Then，the important thing left to discuss is the relation between the outdoor play and sport activity spaces by these points. This study leads to the following results: (1) The anount of outdoor playing time decreases as the sport time increases in JSC members. They played outdoors for about 3 hours except the sport time on Saturdays which are off and on Sundays. (2) The commonality in both spaces was physical activities，communication among friends how fun the play elements. The children were gladly to sport in an outdoor play，in which the children recomposed the play elements of sports. (3) The difference between two spaces was whether the children are controlled from adults or not. Because，in the JSC sport activities，the children were controlled by the instructor. (4) The children of the JSC produced the sport culture by the process(learning a sport→ taking a sport to pieces→ recomposing a sport). At one time they played outdoors and at another time they did sports in JSC，enjoying themselves

Diagnostic ability of contrast-enhanced computed tomography formetastatic cervical nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas : significance of additional coronal reconstruction images

Purpose: To evaluate the significance of additional coronal reconstruction images in the diagnostic ability of contrastenhanced computed tomography (CECT) for metastatic cervical nodes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Material and methods: We retrospectively assessed 97 metastatic and 141 reactive histologically proven cervical nodes of 38 patients with HNSCC, who underwent CECT before neck dissection. Observer #1, an expert radiologist in head and neck imaging, and observer #2, a general radiologist, reviewed all CECT images. The observers first assessed the presence of nodal metastasis using axial CECT alone (A-CECT). Three days later, they reassessed its presence using combined axial and coronal CECT (A&C-CECT). Results: The sensitivity of A-CECT vs. A&C-CECT was 73.2% vs. 75.3% for observer #1 (p = 0.73) and 69.1% vs. 69.1% for observer #2 (p = 1.00), respectively. The specificity of A-CECT versus A&C-CECT was 92.2% vs. 97.2% for observer #1 (p < 0.05) and 92.9% vs. 95.7% for observer #2 (p = 0.22), respectively. The accuracy of A-CECT versus A&C-CECT was 84.5% vs. 88.2% for observer #1 (p < 0.05) and 83.2% vs. 85.3% for observer #2 (p = 0.30), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of A-CECT vs. A&C-CECT was 0.86 vs. 0.91 for observer #1 (p < 0.05) and 0.85 vs. 0.85 for observer #2 (p = 0.80), respectively. Conclusions: The specificity, accuracy, and AUC increased with the use of coronal images during the assessment by the expert radiologist. The appropriate use of coronal images allowed proper configuration recognition and improved diagnostic ability

Study of hadron interactions in a lead-emulsion target

Topological and kinematical characteristics of hadron interactions have been studied using a lead-emulsion target exposed to 2, 4 and 10 GeV/c hadron beams. A total length of 60 m $\pi^-$ tracks was followed using a high speed automated emulsion scanning system. A total of 318 hadron interaction vertices and their secondary charged particle tracks were reconstructed. Measurement results of interaction lengths, charged particle multiplicity, emission angles and momenta of secondary charged particles are compared with a Monte Carlo simulation and appear to be consistent. Nuclear fragments emitted from interaction vertices were also detected by a newly developed emulsion scanning system with wide-angle acceptance. Their emission angle distributions are in good agreement with the simulated distributions. Probabilities of an event being associated with at least one fragment track are found to be greater than 50% for beam momentum $P > 4$ GeV/c and are well reproduced by the simulation. These experimental results validate estimation of the background due to hadron interactions in the sample of $\tau$ decay candidates in the OPERA $\nu_{\mu} \to \nu_{\tau}$ oscillation experiment.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figure