Spiritual Coping against the Desire of Re-using Drug

Introduction: Through recognizing spiritual coping strategies against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts, their empowerment in facing the desire of re-using drugs can be improved. This study aimed to explore some spiritual coping methods against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts. Method: This study was done based on the qualitative method and contract content analysis. The participants were 18 ex-addicted men selected through a targeted sampling method, which were in different periods of drug withdrawal. Data collection was done through semi-structural interviews; and the data were analyzed using the method of Graneheim and Lundman. Results: The theme of spiritual-bases coping with three main categories of "spiritual beliefs", "supportive-based resources", and "spiritual evolutions" was specified as spiritual coping strategy against the desire of re-using drug. Conclusion: Considering the efficacy of spiritual coping against the desire of re-using drug among ex-addicts, it is necessary for social workers to strengthen spirituality and spiritual beliefs in these patients as an impediment tool to improve their supporting programs. Keywords: Spirituality, Coping, Addiction, Drug abuse

The Effect of Spiritual and Religious Group Psychotherapy on Suicidal Ideation in Depressed Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: Suicide is a great economical, social and public health problem. It is prevalent worldwide and has a lot of negative effects on individuals, families and society. Depression is often prelude to Suicide. An important part of the treatment of the mentally ill patients is spiritual-religious psychotherapy which should be done after physical treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of spiritual and religious group psychotherapy on suicidal ideation in depressed patients. Methods: 51 depressed patients with suicidal ideation from Razi hospital (Tabriz, Iran) participated in this clinical trial. To collect Data questionnaire was used which included demographic and Beck Suicide Scale Ideation. Experimental group participated in 10 sessions of group psychotherapy. Each section lasted 1 hour. Two weeks after the last section post test was done. Statistical software SPSS ver 13 was used for data analysis. Results: Results of independent t-test revealed no difference between two groups in terms of suicidal ideation before intervention but after study there is a statistical difference. Also the results of ANCOVA test showed a significant relationship between spiritual group therapy and decrease in suicidal ideation, so that this intervention can make 57% of variance in suicidal ideation of experimental group.Conclusion: Regarding positive effect of spiritual and religious group psychotherapy on decreasing suicidal ideation of depressed patients, we suggest this intervention to be held in Psychiatric Wards and also more study on depression and other psychiatric patients with greater sample size would be helpful

Effects of empowerment program on the burden of care in mothers of children with phenylketonuria

Objectives: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disease of children that need a lifelong diet for its treatment. Because of the high burden of care, Parents and particularly mothers are prone to mental disorders or psychiatric adverse reactions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of empowerment of mothers on the burden of caring children with phenylketonuria.Materials & Methods: This was a semi-experimental (before-after with control group) study. In this research, 50 mothers of children with phenylketonuria that were referred to endocrine clinic in Qods hospital of Qazvin city, were selected and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Data collection was made by using demographic characteristics of mothers and children and also the Zarit burden interview questionnaires. Empowerment program was delivered during nine sessions of holistic and family oriented empowerment model in the intervention group.  The control group received routine services. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS software version 18.Results: In intervention group, the mean score of overall care burden and its dimensions in the mothers of children with phenylketonuria in post-test was significantly lower than the pre-test  (41.20 ± 5.04 vs. 58.24 ± 3.96; p<0. 001); but  pre-test and post-test scores in the control group had no significant difference (58.4 ± 5.22 vs. 58.96 ± 4; p=0.327). In other words empowerment program was able to reduce the burden of caring in mothers.Conclusion: Empowerment program can reduce the burden of care in mothers of children with phenylketonuria. Thus it seems that empowerment training is necessary to this group of mothers in the form of workshops and educational pamphlets

Effect of Workplace Violence Management Program on the Incidence

Introduction:Emergency nurses are at higher risk for workplace violence than other health care workers, so a workplace violence management program is crucial to prevent violence. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of a workplace violence management program on the incidence of workplace violence against nurses in hospital emergency departments.Method:This study applied a quasi-experimental design using control groups and pre- and post-tests. The research units included 48 nurses working in the emergency departments of Farabi Hospital and Amir Alam Hospital in Tehran. The intervention included the use of a program featuring some management issues such as applying ventilation, using closed-circuit television cameras, modifying lightings, employing a security guard for the evening shift, and training. The training, which was entitled “Management and Prevention of Workplace Violence,” was implemented as a 2-day workshop using training programs. The data collection tool was the Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Questionnaire. Chi-square test and t-test were used to test the hypotheses. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.Results:The results of the study showed that the frequency of different forms of violence such as physical, psychological, sexual, and racial ones was decreased after the intervention, but this decrease was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The findings of the present study revealed that although the management program of preventing workplace violence with sub-categories such as training, security, physical environment, and policies and procedures could reduce the incidence of violence, this decrease was not significant; the lack of significance of the decrease was probably due to the low sample size and the short follow-up period (i.e., one month). Therefore, it is recommended that this study be carried out on a larger population with a longer follow-up period

How Do the Nurses Cope with Job Stress? A Study with Grounded Theory Approach

Introduction: Due to the adverse effects of job stress on health of nurses and the importance of coping process of nurses in management of job stress, the present study was carried out with the aim of exploring the experiences of the nurses in order to reveal the original coping process of the nurses in the case of encountering occupational stress. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted with grounded theory approach. Research participants were 15 clinical nurses and four directors of nursing. Sampling method of study were purposive and theoretical sampling. Data collection done with unstructured interviews and field notes and continued until data saturation. Data analysis was performed using the Strauss and Corbin 1998 constant comparative method. Results: The results of the analysis led to four axial concepts: "feeling stress at nursing work", "situational coping", "and the effect of personal and environmental factors in coping with job stress" and "Grey outcome of coping". The core variable in the nurse’s process of coping with job stress was "comprehensive effort to calm stressed condition". Conclusion: Explaining the basic and original psychosocial process of nurses to cope with job stress, revealed context-based nature of the coping processes that nurses adopt, which that can help in taking appropriate measures to lighten up the grey consequences of coping of nurses

Consequences of living with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder:A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Severe psychological stress is potentially threatening for anyone. Chronic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder is accompanied by other psychological problems including depression. Thus the aim of this study was to describe the consequences of living with this disorder. Method: In this qualitative study, 20 male veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder were selected purposefully and studied using semi-structured deep interview. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis in 2011. Results: The consequences of living with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder were classified into three main categories of psychological, physical, and social consequences, based on the common experiences of the participants. Psychological consequences include three subcategories of lack of self-confidence, lack of entertainment, and negative emotions. Physical consequences include four subcategories of sleep disorders, sexual dysfunction, physical pain, and restricted physical activity. Social consequences include three subcategories of disrupted interpersonal relations, lack of income or job, and restricted duty fulfillment. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder has had a negative effect on all different aspects of their health including physical, psychological and social. Reducing this problem requires interventions and continuous monitoring of the medical health status of these clients. Keywords: Trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, war, consequences of the disease, qualitative stud

Challenges of Parent-Adolescent Relationship: A Qualitative Study

Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, challenges of parent-adolescent relationship is one of the main problems of families. According to the lack and gap of qualitative study of parent-adolescent problems in the existing research in the country, this study aimed to identify and analyze challenges of parent-adolescent relationship. Method: This qualitative study was performed using content analysis. Data were collected using purposive sampling and individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with 17 parents and adolescents who referred to counselling and psychology centers. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. After transcribing recorded interviews and data analysis, initial codes were extracted. To determine the main classes, initial cods were revised, surveyed, and classified in several steps. Results: After data analysis, 574 initial codes were obtained. These codes were categorized into 13 sub-themes and 5 themes including the generation gap, insufficiency in relationship quality, educational strategies dysfunction, modern and traditional perspectives conflict, and intrapersonal and interpersonal problems as the main challenges of parent-adolescent relationship. Conclusion: According to the results, parents and adolescents face complex challenges in the relationship with each other. Attention to these challenges can help families to create better relationships with adolescents

Challenges nurses experienced in caring for patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Units: A Qualitative Study

Background: Nurses working in intensive care units (ICU) have experienced numerous challenges while caring for patients with COVID-19.Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore ICU nurses’ experiences of caring for patients with COVID-19.Methods: This research presents part of a qualitative study conducted using a grounded theory approach. Participants consisted of nurses and physicians from the selected hospitals in Sabzevar, Neishabour, and Mashhad, Iran. Data collection was performed using semi-structured in-depth interviews. Participants were enrolled via purposive sampling during 2022–2023. A total of 21 participants were interviewed. The method of Corbin and Strauss (2015) was used to analyze the data. We used Guba and Lincoln’s four criteria of credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability to ensure data trustworthiness.Results: Four main categories emerged from the data that collectively reflect the experiences of Iranian ICU nurses in caring for COVID-19 patients. These categories included ward overcrowding, changing patterns, complexity of care, and feeling exhausted. All of these categories show that Iranian ICU nurses were under intense pressure during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: This study showed that taking care of patients was very exhausting for nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital authorities and nursing administrators have a responsibility to support nurses and provide them facilities to feel less stress and uncertainty, while caring for patients with COVID-19

Respecting the privacy of hospitalized patients:an integrative review

Background: Privacy is a complicated and obscure concept, which has special meanings in the healthcare environment; therefore, it is essential for healthcare providers to fully understand this concept. However, there is no universally accepted definition for this concept in the texts, and it has been interpreted differently, based on its application. Aim: To analyze and provide a clear and scientific definition for respect of privacy of hospitalized patients and identify the common aspects of this concept. Research design: This study was conducted using the Whittemore and Knafl’s modified framework as a conceptual analysis method. Ethical consideration: This study was approved by the Research Council of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. We have respected the ethical requirements required regarding the sources and authorship. Research context and data sources: Using integrative review, a search was performed using national and international databases, including CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Web of Science, and ISI (with no date restriction). The keywords employed during the search process were “privacy of patients,” “confidentiality,” “and patients’ rights.” In total, 1345 articles were retrieved from the databases. After the elimination of repetitive studies and with regard to the study objectives, 124 articles, 3 books, and 4 theses were entered into the study. The data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach. Findings: The results were extracted in the form of four, seven, and two themes related to attributes such as physical, informational, social, and psychological and the antecedents and consequences of respecting patient privacy, respectively. Conclusion: Respect for hospitalized patient privacy contains multiple dimensions. Factors affecting the achievement of this concept include individual backgrounds, nature of the disease, and rule of paternalism. The fulfillment of patient privacy leads to such consequences as protection and improvement of human dignity as well as improved communication between the patient and the health team. </jats:sec

Barriers to support nurses as second victim of medical errors: A qualitative study

BackgroundGiven the inevitability of medical errors and their impact on health workers, providing support to those who suffer is vital for their physical and mental recovery. Identifying the barriers to obtaining support is imperative in this regard.AimsThe current study was conducted to identify the barriers regarding supporting nurses as second victims of nursing errors in clinical settings in Iran.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted with a sample, which was included 18 nurses. The subjects were selected through the purposive sampling method, and data were collected using in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The data were analysed using methods as described by Graneheim and Lundman (citation needed). The research context included the general and specialized departments of hospitals in Tehran, Iran, during 2017.ResultsAccording to the results, mismanagement, Cultural barriers, inadequate information, and Legal barriers were the main barriers to supporting nurses.ConclusionTraining nurses about the second victim phenomenon is recommended as well as the methods to manage the effects of this phenomenon, the supportive resources, and legal issues