VUELTA CICLISTA A ESPAÑA [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, 201

Can improving UK skills levels reduce poverty and income inequality by 2020?

Improving skills in the workforce is seen as fundamental to achieving a more competitive economy and maintaining productivity. Current and previous government policy implies that an increase in skills will reduce poverty and income inequality. This research investigates how improving UK skills levels will affect rates of poverty and income inequality.</p

Glia as transmitter sources and sensors in health and disease

Glial cells express a bewildering array of neurotransmitter receptors. To illustrate the complexity of expression, we have assayed non-glutamatergic neurotransmitter receptor mRNA in isolated rat optic nerve, a preparation devoid of neurons and neuronal synapses and from which relatively pure “glial” RNA can be isolated. Of the 44 receptor subunits examined which span the GABA-A, nicotinic, adreno- and glycine receptor families, over three quarters were robustly expressed in this mixed population of white matter glial cells, with several expressed at higher levels than found in control whole brain RNA. In addition to the complexity of glial receptor expression, numerous neurotransmitter release mechanisms have been identified. We have focused on glutamate release from astrocytes, which can occur via at least seven distinct pathways and which is implicated in excitotoxic injury and are neurons and glia. Recent findings suggest that non-glutamatergic receptors can also mediate acute glial injury are also discussed

sj-docx-1-pus-10.1177_09636625241230864 – Supplemental material for A systematic literature review of the ‘commercialisation effect’ on public attitudes towards biobank and genomic data repositories

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pus-10.1177_09636625241230864 for A systematic literature review of the ‘commercialisation effect’ on public attitudes towards biobank and genomic data repositories by Jarrod Walshe, Brad Elphinstone, Dianne Nicol and Mark Taylor in Public Understanding of Science</p

Playing around with alkynes and late transition homogeneous catalysts: following Roberto Sanchez Delgado's footsteps

Resumen del trabajo presentado al 6th EuCheMS Chemistry Congress, celebrado en Sevilla (España) del 11 al 15 de septiembre de 2016.In December 2015 the eminent latinamerican scientist Roberto Sanchez Delgado passed away. His scientific career at Caracas and New York has been outstanding. We had the privilege to receive him, at Zaragoza, for a sabbatical visit in the late eighties, and in 1989 we published a joint paper entitled Kinetic and Mechanistic Investigation of the Sequential Hydrogenation of Phenylacetylene Catalyzed by OsHCl(CO)(PR3)2 (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 7431-7437 (1989)). Since then, we have been interested in a variety of selective homogenous catalytic reactions involving alkynes, with specific interest on mechanistic aspects. gggWith the aim to honour his scientific career and seminal contributions, we report now on our recent studies on the catalytic activity of a set of rhodium complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands on alkynes hydrothiolation. Rhodium(I) compounds of formula [Rh(μ-X)(IPr)(η2-olefin)]2 (X = Cl, OH), RhCl(IPr)(py)(η2-olefin) and Rh(oq)(IPr)(η2-olefin) (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-carbene, py = pyridine, oq = quinolinolate) are very active catalysts for alkyne hydrothiolation under mild conditions, presenting high selectivity towards alfa-vinyl sulphides. Several intermediates relevant for the catalytic process have been detected. All the studied rhodium carbene catalysts have in common a mechanism that proceed via oxidative addition of the S-H bond to rhodium(I) intermediates and successive alkyne insertion into the Rh-S, or Rh-H, bond followed by reductive elimination steps.Peer Reviewe

Supplementary Figure 3 from Development of proteolytically stable N-methylated peptide inhibitors of aggregation of the amylin peptide implicated in type 2 diabetes

HPLC profiles showing stability of peptides to degradation by individual proteolytic enzyme

Supplementary Figure 1 from Development of proteolytically stable N-methylated peptide inhibitors of aggregation of the amylin peptide implicated in type 2 diabetes

HPLC-MS data for our peptide inhibitor

E3SM-MMF: Cloud Resolving Model Development on Heterogeneous Supercomputers

Cloud Resolving Model (CRM) development for efficient utilization of GPUs on hybrid supercomputers in preparation for exascale. This work is part of a larger project, E3SM-MMF component of the U.S. Department of Energy(DOE) Exascale Computing Project. The E3SM-MMF approach addresses structural uncertainty in cloud processes by replacing traditional parameterizations with cloud resolving “super-parameterization” within each grid cell of global climate model. Super-parameterization dramatically increases arithmetic intensity, making the MMF approach an ideal strategy to achieve good performance on emerging exascale computing architectures

Linking Source and Effect: Resuspended Soil Lead, Air Lead, and Children’s Blood Lead Levels in Detroit, Michigan

This study evaluates atmospheric concentrations of soil and Pb aerosols, and blood lead levels (BLLs) in 367 839 children (ages 0–10) in Detroit, Michigan from 2001 to 2009 to test a hypothesized soil → air dust → child pathway of contemporary Pb risk. Atmospheric soil and Pb show near-identical seasonal properties that match seasonal variation in children’s BLLs. Resuspended soil appears to be a significant underlying source of atmospheric Pb. A 1% increase in the amount of resuspended soil results in a 0.39% increase in the concentration of Pb in the atmosphere (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.50%). In turn, atmospheric Pb significantly explains age-dependent variation in child BLLs. Other things held equal, a change of 0.0069 μg/m³ in atmospheric Pb increases BLL of a child 1 year of age by 10%, while approximately 3 times the concentration of Pb in air (0.023 μg/m³) is required to induce the same increase in BLL of a child 7 years of age. Similarly, a 0.0069 μg/m³ change in air Pb increases the odds of a child <1 year of age having a BLL ≥ 5 μg/dL by a multiplicative factor of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.26 to 1.37). Overall, the resuspension of Pb contaminated soil explains observed seasonal variation in child BLLs

A single microbubble formulation carrying 5-fluorouridine, irinotecan and oxaliplatin to enable FOLFIRINOX treatment of pancreatic and colon cancer using ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction

FOLFIRINOX and FOLFOXIRI are combination chemotherapy treatments that incorporate the same drug cocktail (folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) but exploit an altered dosing regimen when used in the management of pancreatic and colorectal cancer, respectively. Both have proven effective in extending life when used to treat patients with metastatic disease but are accompanied by significant adverse effects. To facilitate improved tumour-targeting of this drug combination, an ultrasound responsive microbubble formulation loaded with 5-fluorouridine, irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FIRINOX MB) was developed and its efficacy tested, together with the non-toxic folinic acid, in preclinical murine models of pancreatic and colorectal cancer. A significant improvement in tumour growth delay was observed in both models following ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) mediated FIRINOX treatment with pancreatic tumours 189% and colorectal tumours 82% smaller at the conclusion of the study when compared to animals treated with a standard dose of FOLFIRINOX. Survival prospects were also improved for animals in the UTMD mediated FIRINOX treatment group with an average survival of 22.17 ± 12.19 days (pancreatic) and 44.40 ± 3.85 days (colorectal) compared to standard FOLFIRINOX treatment (15.83 ± 4.17 days(pancreatic) and 37.50 ± 7.72 days (colon)). Notably, this improved efficacy was achieved using FIRINOX MB that contained 5-fluorouricil, irinotecan and oxaliplatin loadings that were 13.44-fold, 9.19-fold and 1.53-fold lower than used for the standard FOLFIRINOX treatment. These results suggest that UTMD enhances delivery of FIRINOX chemotherapy, making it significantly more effective at a substantially lower dose. In addition, the reduced systemic levels of 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan and oxaliplatin should also make the treatment more tolerable and reduce the adverse effects often associated with this treatment