Bladkryddor på friland

Frilandsodling av bladkryddor innebär ofta att de romatiska ämnena utvecklas på ett gynnsamt sätt, men idag finns brister i kunskapen om vilka produktionsmetoder och sortval som under svenska förhållanden ger en bra aromutveckling, kvalitet och hållbarhet. Detta projekt syftade till att bidra till utveckling av rationella och kostnadseffektiva produktionsmetoder, liksom att ge ökad kunskap om vilka sorter som är lämpliga för svenska klimat- och odlingsförhållanden för att erhålla såväl en hög kvalitet som en god hållbarhet. Basilika såddes på Torslunda försöksstation och på Björnhovda gård, Öland av sorterna/typerna genovestertyp ’Genoveser’, ’Edwina’ och ’Martina’, ’Stam 6’ och ’Stam 7’, klotbasilika ’Piccolino’ samt ’Fino Verde’, citronbasilika, röd basilika ’Rubin’ och. ’Ararat’ samt ’Petra’, kanelbasilika, limebasilika, och sorterna ’Emily’ och ’Greek Bush’. Sortimentet av basilika varierade något mellan de två försöksplatserna. Vidare planterades rosmarin på Torslunda försöksstation för att undersöka om vävtäckning kunde förbättra vinterhärdigheten. Betydelsen av tidpunkten för vävtäckningen undersöktes för rosmarinplantorna. Båda försöken utfördes som blockförsök med tre upprepningar. Efter skörd förpackades de olika sorterna/typerna av basilika i plasttråg, och lagrades vid 10 ºC under 10 dagar. Skördeutbyte, torrvikt vid skörd, vitamin C-innehåll vid skörd och efter lagring samt kvalitetsbedömning av andel säljbar vara vid skörd och efter lagring undersöktes i alla sorter av basilika, med undantag för vitamin C-innehåll som endast bestämdes för de sorter som odlades på Torslunda försöksstation. Vitaliteten hos rosmarinplantorna följdes under vinter och våren, och uppskattades under påföljande sommar. Resultaten från försöket visar att samtliga typer av basilika som ingick i försöket hade en god uppkomst samt tillväxt och utveckling. Variationen mellan sorterna fanns främst på tillväxten och utvecklingen, där till exempel hos limebasilika blominduceringen skedde tidigt, och den blommade vid skörd. I detta års pilotstudier visade basilika en stor variation i skördeutbyte, innehåll av vitamin C samt lagringskvalitet. Odlingsplats påverkade också kvalitet och hållbarhet hos basilikan, och i viss mån skördeutbytet. Lagringskvalitet vid förvaring i 10oC i 10 dagar gav ett övervägande bra resultat. Genovesertyperna, klotbasilika av sorten ’Piccolino’ samt en röd sort ’Ararat’ visade en högre andel säljbar vara efter lagring i förpackning i jämförelse med de övriga sorttyper. Rosmarinplantorna visade god vitalitet under höst och vinter, och täckningen med väv hade positiv inverkan på plantorna. Förhållandena under vårmånaderna mars/april gav dock skador på plantorna, som medförde att endast ett fåtal plantor klarade övervintringen. I detta försök verkade alltså det kritiska skedet för övervintring vara omställningen från vinter till vår, för vilken vävtäckningen var otillräcklig för att ge effektivt skydd

Workplace Development as Design Work - about setting up a design theory project

In this article the setting up of a research project is discussed. The objective of this project is to contribute to a long term development of the process for change in working life. By proposing terms which in a new way can articulate the practice of working for change we want to throw light on new aspects, and thereby contribute to a purposeful development of this practice. We attempt to formulate a perspective, where workplace development is regarded as a creative task, a design process. Apart from our earlier experience, as an empirical basis for the research project we have chosen to utilise experience from the steel industry of Dalama, which is now in a dynamic stage of development with both new investment in technology, and attempts to develop competence and new forms of work organisation. In this article the research approach, which at the same time is the result of the research work to date, is presented. The objective is to thereby contribute to a broader discussion about how design research can be carried out

Food products in line with the next generation of sustainability thinking

Dairy products are responsible for a large part of the environmental impact from foods, where milk bears a part of that burden. The dairy industry has a responsibility to provide high quality and sustainable products on a daily basis. Considering the whole dairy chain, the agricultural production and the dairy farm have the highest environmental impact. So far, not much attention has been given to bringing together retailers, wholesalers, food service and their view of sustainability and milk and provide a possible future picture in line with this. This makes it interesting to investigate this area further. Therefore milk, and more specifically lactose free milk, will state example. The focus of this thesis was to explore sustainability thinking in selected actors in Sweden within retail, wholesale and food service, complemented with indications from farmer and consumer viewpoints. A qualitative study was conducted, interviews from each organization were analyzed and related to literature findings. Findings in this thesis can be connected to organization level, food level, milk as an animal product and lactose free. Few findings are specifically connected to lactose free. Characteristics on product level are tied to milk in general, and dairy products, rather than lactose free. Sales of organic foods and milk are increasing and empirical findings indicate a continued interest, possibly also concerning lactose free milk. Milk consumption has decreased, and is predicted to decrease. There is an increased focus on vegetable products and indications that vegetable and alternative products compete with milk. Retailers have power in driving the sustainable development, but both retailers and the food service actors/caterers express their power to impact through their size. Food service are highly steered by regulatory forces, meanwhile retailers primarily are driven and hindered by market- and social related forces. Price is a steering factor in public procurement. Since sustainable products often are seen as more expensive this might slow down the sustainable development in food service and wholesale. The demand for sustainable products puts pressure on actors in the food chain to provide desired products. The possibilites for future milk production on the farm are to support the farmers in actions towards a cyclic system, take help from technology, limit the antibiotic use and provide good animal welfare for the farmed cows. If using palm oil and soy in feed, these should be sustainable produced

Side Streams of Broccoli Leaves: A Climate Smart and Healthy Food Ingredient

Human consumption of fruits and vegetables are generally below recommended levels. Waste from the production, e.g., of un-used parts such as broccoli leaves and stem when producing broccoli florets for food, is a sustainability issue. In this study, broccoli leaves were analyzed for the content of various dietary fibre and phenolics, applying the Uppsala method and HPLC analyses, respectively. The results showed that broccoli leaves had comparable levels of dietary fibre (26%-32% of dry weight (DW)) and phenolic compounds (6.3-15.2 mg/g DW) to many other food and vegetables considered valuable in the human diet from a health perspective. A significant positive correlation was found among soluble dietary fibre and phenolic acids indicating possible bindings between these components. Seasonal variations affected mainly the content of conjugated phenolics, and the content of insoluble dietary fibre. This study verified the importance of the use of broccoli production side streams (leaves) as they may contribute with health promoting components to the human diet and also socio-economic and environmental benefits to the bioeconomic development in the society

Dietary glucose regulates yeast consumption in adult Drosophila males

The adjustment of feeding behavior in response to hunger and satiety contributes to homeostatic regulation in animals. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster feeds on yeasts growing on overripe fruit, providing nutrients required for adult survival, reproduction and larval growth. Here, we present data on how the nutritional value of food affects subsequent yeast consumption in Drosophila adult males. After a period of starvation, flies showed intensive yeast consumption. In comparison, flies stopped feeding after having access to a nutritive cornmeal diet. Interestingly, dietary glucose was equally efficient as the complex cornmeal diet. In contrast, flies fed with sucralose, a non-metabolizable sweetener, behaved as if they were starved. The adipokinetic hormone and insulin-like peptides regulate metabolic processes in insects. We did not find any effect of the adipokinetic hormone pathway on this modulation. Instead, the insulin pathway was involved in these changes. Flies lacking the insulin receptor (InR) did not respond to nutrient deprivation by increasing yeast consumption. Together these results show the importance of insulin in the regulation of yeast consumption in response to starvation in adult D. melanogaster males

"Mänskliga rättigheter, alltså - för vem?" : en intervjustudie med lärarstudenter om att undervisa om mänskliga rättigheter

Even though human rights and human rights education are generally viewed as something worth achieving, unfortunately the extent of which human rights is implemented in education in the Swedish school system is a poorly researched area. This study sets out to change that and to discover the ideas and reflections upon human rights as a subject of four pre-service upper secondary school social science teachers as well as the influence provided thereupon by teacher training and the curriculum. Through semi-structured interviews, and with the help of Katarina Norberg's theory considering personal values and experiences as a stronger influence on the contents of education than the curriculum, interesting conclusions were reached. The results showed a very positive attitude towards human rights among the pre-service teachers and a strong desire to incorporate them in their future teaching. However, in accordance with the theory, the reasons behind this inclination were neither their previous education nor the guidelines provided by the curriculum. Finally, problems arising from these conclusions were discussed. For example a disaccord arose between the objectivity required in the work of people employed by the state and the conclusion that the work of teachers is indeed influenced by personal interests

Evolution of phytosterols in Chardonnay grape berry skins during last stages of ripening

This study presents the results of rapid phytosterols analysis in grape skins during last stages of ripening. The analysis is related to the evolution of sterol content by comparison with ripening degree on two vineyards of Chardonnay grape variety in Burgundy: Meursault ler Cru and Hautes Cotes de Beaune. The characterization of sterols is realized by using combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from trimethylsilyl ethers of sterols. After optimization of extraction by azeotropic mixture (chloroform/methanol 2:1 v/v), the analysis allows to identify four sterols in grape skins: beta-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and lanosterol. In all the samples, beta-sitosterol is the major phytosterol (86 to 89 % of the total detected phytosterols). The evolution of phytosterols content during last stages of ripening shows a similar comportment of β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol in grape skins: the maturation induces a loss of phytosterols in grape skins. An increase of phytosterol contents occurs at peak maturity and can be related with over-maturation phenomenon. The relationship between phytosterol content in grape skins and S/A ratio indicates a markedly negative correlation

Environmental Assessment of Upgrading Horticultural Side Streams—The Case of Unharvested Broccoli Leaves

: To facilitate transition to a sustainable food system, it is necessary to address food losses. A large proportion of waste occurs during primary production, with large quantities of edible crop parts left in the field at harvest. One such product is broccoli, where normally only around one-third of the edible parts of the plant are harvested in Sweden. Much of the broccoli plant consists of edible leaves and this side stream represents an unused resource with great potential. This study assessed the potential environmental savings that can be achieved by utilising broccoli side streams as a powder in soups and bread. Consequential and attributional life cycle assessments were conducted, based on scenarios relevant for growers in southern Sweden. The results showed that the scenario with the largest saving potential was to process the broccoli side streams into a powder for use in broccoli soup. The main saving was due to substitution of imported broccoli powder, which was assumed to be produced from broccoli florets using a more fossil-based energy mix. The second best scenario was to use the side-stream broccoli powder as a wheat substitute in bread but, since wheat flour is less resource-demanding than imported broccoli powder, the emission savings were lower in this case. However, replacing wheat flour with a vegetable-based product could provide additional health benefits that are important in achieving a healthy, locally available, and environmentally friendly diet suitable for a sustainable food system