Prosodic Function Row in Persian Poetry

One of the single most important functions of the row- that is, compliance between different words and different rhymes- that provide them with some prosodies, have not been investigated yet. in other words, Row gives freedom to the word rhyme that gives the word the ability to move across the continuum of musical rhyme and even closer to the beginning of the second line. According to the same row function, Words that cannot be used as rhyme in specific prosody might be pushed to be put the position corresponding to the prosody they are. For example, words (Jahan, Ravan, Javan, etc.) in the prosody of Motagharaeb Mosamman Salem, (without row or letters of Vasl, Khorooj, Nayereh ) cannot be placed in the position of rhyme, so by bringing an "ی" or "ر" an the like at the end of them, these words can be used in place of the words rhyme in this prosody. A cursory examination of the first period of Persian poetry, we can see that in a lot of poems, row serves as an anchor that moves rhyme words in order to reconcile them with some prosodies. In this article, we briefly discuss this basic function of row and shown that even in the short sonnets that rhymes do not need to be in there, some kinds new rhyming words with different prosodies of the row is used.  Today far more extensive studies have been conducted  on one of the unique characteristics of Persian poetry- the row. The basic and similar structure of all these researches is due to the formal, statistical, grammarial and sometimes musical aspects of the row have been formed by poets in their poetries. The main reason for the emergence of rows in Persian poetry is its prosodic function that has already been paid less. I just found something in the book Ghosn al-ban which the author had some similar view to the row. In this study, we made our attempt to show another reason for the entry and spread of the row in Persian poetry by means of a new approach. It should also be noted that in these lines to avoid as much as possible the repetitive and stereotyped points regarding the row

All-Optical NOT Logic Gate Based on Photonic Crystals

A novel scheme for implementation of all-optical NOT logic gate based on photonic crystal ring resonator has been proposed. Photonic crystal is comprised of two-dimensional square lattice of dielectric rods in air substrate. Indium phosphide with a refractive index of 3.1 is adopted as the material of the rods. The finite different time domain (FDTD) and plane wave Expansion (PWE) methods are used to analyze the behavior of the structure. The simulation results show that the contrast ratio is 10.97dB for NOT gate. Moreover, the operational wavelength of the input ports is 1.55µm. Since the structure has a simple geometric shape with clear operating principle, it is potentially applicable for photonic integrated circuits.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v3i4.290

Game-Theoretic Spectrum Trading in RF Relay-Assisted Free-Space Optical Communications

This work proposes a novel hybrid RF/FSO system based on a game theoretic spectrum trading process. It is assumed that no RF spectrum is preallocated to the FSO link and only when the link availability is severely impaired by the infrequent adverse weather conditions, i.e. fog, etc., the source can borrow a portion of licensed RF spectrum from one of the surrounding RF nodes. Using the leased spectrum, the source establishes a dual-hop RF/FSO hybrid link to maintain its throughout to the destination. The proposed system is considered to be both spectrum- and power-efficient. A market-equilibrium-based pricing process is proposed for the spectrum trading between the source and RF nodes. Through extensive performance analysis, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the average capacity of the system, especially when the surrounding RF nodes are with low traffic loads. In addition, the system benefits from involving more RF nodes into the spectrum trading process by means of diversity, particularly when the surrounding RF nodes have high probability of being in heavy traffic loads. Furthermore, the application of the proposed system in a realistic scenario is presented based on the weather statistics in the city of Edinburgh, UK. It is demonstrated that the proposed system can substantially enhance the link availability towards the carrier-class requirement

The relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-management in patients with diabetes

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. Metabolic control and following diet therapy in teenagers with type 1 diabetes are weaker than children before the adolescence stage. One of the most important factors influencing self-management seems to be spiritual intelligence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-management in patients with diabetes.METHODS: The population of this descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of all adolescents with type 1 diabetes referring to the clinic of Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran, which were 194 people. Data were collected by interview and using a questionnaire. Sampling method was available or simple sampling. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software.RESULTS: The majority of people were in the middle period of adolescence. More than half (88.5%) of them had a moderate and good economic situation and the majority of them (62.5%) had a history of diabetes in the family. Most of the people (56.5%) had an average duration of diabetes. More than half of the subjects were the first and second children of the family.CONCLUSION: The results showed that self-management increased with increasing spiritual intelligence of individuals, and with decreasing spiritual intelligence, self-management decreased; in other words, there was a positive and significant correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-management.

The antibacterial effect of camellia sinensis extract on bacterias, conjunctivitis in vitro

زمینه و هدف: کنژنکتیویت شایع ترین بیماری چشمی جهان است که یکی از پایه های درمان آن استفاده از آنتی بیوتیک ها می باشد. با توجه به مقاومت روزافزون باکتری ها به آنتی بیوتیک های موجود و عوارض آنها و استفاده چای به عنوان التیام بخش التهاب های چشمی بر اساس یک باور قدیمی، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر ضدباکتریایی عصاره چای سیاه برای درمان کنژنکتیویت چرکی انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی نمونه ها از چشم بیماران مبتلا به کنژنکتیویت مراجعه کننده به کلینیک چشم پزشکی شهرکرد جمع آوری و روی محیط های کشت، کشت داده شدند. سپس توسط محیط های کشت افتراقی و تست های تشخیصی از سه نوع باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، استافیلوکوکوس اپیدرمیدیس و استرپتوکوکوس پنومونیه هر کدام 10 نمونه (جمعاً 30 نمونه) جدا شد. این نمونه ها جداگانه در روشهای pour plate با استفاده از غلظت های مختلف عصاره چای سیاه و تست آنتیتوسط دیسک های استاندارد آنتی بیوتیک شامل ونکومایسین، کلرامفنیکل، اگزاسیلین، سفازولین و سیپروفلوکساسین مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. داده ها به کمک آزمون های آماری کای دو، t و آنالیز واریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که عصاره چای سیاه بر روی رشد باکتری های جدا شده اثر مهاری وابستـــه به دوز دارد (05/0P) و در دیسک های غلظت mg/ml 100 بیشتر از دیسک های آنتی بیوتیک مورد مطالعه بود (05/0

The antibacterial effect of camellia sinensis extract on bacterias, conjunctivitis in vitro

زمینه و هدف: کنژنکتیویت شایع ترین بیماری چشمی جهان است که یکی از پایه های درمان آن استفاده از آنتی بیوتیک ها می باشد. با توجه به مقاومت روزافزون باکتری ها به آنتی بیوتیک های موجود و عوارض آنها و استفاده چای به عنوان التیام بخش التهاب های چشمی بر اساس یک باور قدیمی، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر ضدباکتریایی عصاره چای سیاه برای درمان کنژنکتیویت چرکی انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی نمونه ها از چشم بیماران مبتلا به کنژنکتیویت مراجعه کننده به کلینیک چشم پزشکی شهرکرد جمع آوری و روی محیط های کشت، کشت داده شدند. سپس توسط محیط های کشت افتراقی و تست های تشخیصی از سه نوع باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس، استافیلوکوکوس اپیدرمیدیس و استرپتوکوکوس پنومونیه هر کدام 10 نمونه (جمعاً 30 نمونه) جدا شد. این نمونه ها جداگانه در روشهای pour plate با استفاده از غلظت های مختلف عصاره چای سیاه و تست آنتیتوسط دیسک های استاندارد آنتی بیوتیک شامل ونکومایسین، کلرامفنیکل، اگزاسیلین، سفازولین و سیپروفلوکساسین مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. داده ها به کمک آزمون های آماری کای دو، t و آنالیز واریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که عصاره چای سیاه بر روی رشد باکتری های جدا شده اثر مهاری وابستـــه به دوز دارد (05/0P) و در دیسک های غلظت mg/ml 100 بیشتر از دیسک های آنتی بیوتیک مورد مطالعه بود (05/0

Assessment of Dysregulation of HERC6 and Essential Biological Processes in Response to Laser Therapy of Human Arm Skin

Introduction: The widespread application of lasers in medicine, especially in the treatment of diseases implies more investigations to understand the precious molecular mechanism of the laser effect on the human body. In the present study, the prominent role of HERC6 in response to CO2 Laser therapy of human skin is investigated.Methods: The numbers of 16 gene expression profiles before and after the treatment with the CO2 laser are downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) are analyzed to find the significant DEGs. Gene ontology analysis revealed that HERC6 and a set of its neighbors played a significant role in response to laser application.Results: The expression changes of 52 significant DEGs were compared via heat map analysis and 27 significant DEGs were introduced as the critical genes which are involved in response to laser irradiation. “Thymidylate kinase activity” among 9 clusters of biological terms was highlighted as an important biological process related to the identified DEGs. HERC2 was proposed as a critical DEG which was related to several essential cellular processes in response to laser application.Conclusion: The findings from the present study indicate that HERC6 and the numbers of its first neighbors are involved in the essential cellular response to laser therapy of human skin

Early Enteral Nutrition and Clinical Outcomes in COPD Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation

Early commencement of enteral nutrition (EEN) in critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation may improve outcomes. But there is a lack of enough data regarding EEN effects on COPD exacerbation patients’ outcomes. This retrospective study involved 129 COPD exacerbation patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation in ICU. The clinical outcomes were compared based on the timing of enteral nutrition (48h) during 60 days of ICU stay. We surveyed and analyzed mortality, pleural effusion, ventilator-associated pneumonia, weaning failure, cardiac arrhythmias, GI bleeding, electrolyte imbalances, renal dysfunction and length of ICU stay. All analyses were performed using SPSS software version 22.0. 129 COPD-exacerbated patients (EEN group n=66; DEN group n=63) who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. EEN group had a lower death rate (39% vs 44.4%) than the DEN group, but no significant difference was found in the overall mortality during the 60-day follow-up (P 0.561). The EEN group also had lower ICU stay and pleural effusion rate than the DEN group (P:0.006 and 0.020 respectively). No significant differences were found in other outcomes. Early enteral nutrition might be associated with shorter ICU stay and lower odd ratio of acquisition of pleural effusion in COPD patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. EEN could not decrease mortality rate compared with DEN in the current study

Different physiological and biochemical responses in maize hybrids subjected to drought stress at vegetative and reproductive stages

The growth and development of all plants are seriously limited by a variety of environmental stresses. In this study, responses in crop yield, physiological and biochemical traits were investigated in maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids such as SC704, SC700 (FAO 700), SC647 (FAO 600), SC500 (FAO 500), SC370 (FAO 300) and SC260 (FAO 200) subjected to drought stress induced by stopping irrigation at vegetative stage (4-5 leaves) and reproductive stage (anthesis). The results showed that drought stress had a significant effect on these characteristics. The yield and its components decreased considerably under water stress: the main factors that caused reduction of yield were the decrease in the number of grain per ear and 1000-grain weight. Reduction of yield in short maturity hybrids was higher than in other ones. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as permeability of plasma membrane increased significantly, but ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity decreased under water stress. Maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and performance index (PI) revealed a significant reduction in leaves in comparison with control plants. The content of soluble proteins in leaves reduced with increasing drought stress. These results suggested that water stress lead to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which caused an increased membrane permeability and oxidative stress in the maize plants. Furthermore, maize hybrids with higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities showed higher resistance to drought stress and produced higher yield under stress. So that SC704 and SC700 were the most tolerant, however, SC647 and SC500 were drought semi-tolerant to water stress, and SC370 and SC260 were the most sensitive