Two new polyhydroxylated triterpenoids from <i>Salvia urmiensis</i> and their cytotoxic activity

<p>Two new polyhydroxylated triterpenoids were isolated from the acetone extract of the aerial parts of <i>Salvia urmiensis</i> Bunge. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses as olean-12-ene-1β,3β,11α,22α-tetraol (<b>1</b>) and urs-12-ene-1β,3β,11β,22α-tetraol (<b>2</b>). The effect of these compounds on cell viability of MCF-7 cells was investigated by the MTT assay. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> showed weak cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ values of 110.23 ± 0.12 and 88.35 ± 0.09 μM, respectively.</p

Phytochemical constituents and biological activities of <i>Cleome iberica</i> DC.

<p>Phytochemical investigation of <i>Cleome iberica</i> DC. aerial parts led to the isolation and characterisation of six triterpenoid including glutinol (<b>1</b>), lupeol (<b>2</b>), β-sitosterol (<b>3</b>), cabraleadiol monoacetate (<b>4</b>), cabraleadiol (<b>6</b>) and daucosterol (<b>8</b>), one flavonoid, calycopterin (<b>5</b>) along with a fatty acid, tricosanoic acid (<b>7</b>). While studied samples showed weak potency in antimicrobial assessment, the acetone extract and some isolated compounds exhibited considerable cytotoxicity against cervical cancer cell line (HeLa) in MTT assay, among them calycopterin with IC₅₀ equals to 5.1 μM was the strongest. The extract showed moderate antioxidant capacity in DPPH assay method (IC₅₀ = 100.2 μg/mL) and total phenolics and total flavonoids contents of the dried extract were also determined as 39.6 and 90.7 mg/g, respectively.</p

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of <i>Dracocephalum kotschyi</i> essential oil obtained by microwave extraction and hydrodistillation

<p><i>Dracocephalum kotschyi</i> essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD), and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) were investigated by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The percentage of oxygenated compounds was significantly increased from 62.52% in HD to 76.47% in MAHD, and 84.52% in SFME. Conversely, the monoterpene hydrocarbons were decreased from 30.84% in HD to 13.71% in MAHD, and 5.85% in SFME. The main compound in the essential oil obtained by HD is limonene, which accounted for more than 30% of the oil, while the percentage of this compound was reduced to 9.52% in MAHD, and 5.60% in SFME. The percents of other oxygenated compounds such as neral, geranial, geraniol, geranyl acetate, α-terpineol, <i>trans</i>-verbenol, carvon, and <i>trans</i>-carveol were noticeably higher in microwave methods than those present in HD method. In aqueous medium, linear oxygenated monoterpenes may be converted to a monocyclic terpinyl cation, which it could lose a proton to give limonene. The main biosynthetic pathway of these compounds, as well as a possible route of their conversion into limonene, due to prolonged heating in the HD method, was proposed. The antimicrobial activity of <i>D. kotschyi</i> essential oils against Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>) bacteria was evaluated by broth micro-dilution susceptibility manner. The most sensitive bacteria to these oils was found to be <i>S. aureus</i> with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration value of 2 mg mL⁻¹ for MAHD and SFME specimens. The results indicated that oils obtained by microwave methods were more active against <i>S. aureus</i>.</p

A new rearranged tricyclic abietane diterpenoid from <i>Salvia chloroleuca</i> Rech. f. & Allen

<div><p>Phytochemical investigation of the roots of <i>Salvia chloroleuca</i> led to the isolation and identification of a new rearranged abietane diterpenoid (<b>1</b>). Its structure was elucidated by interpretation of the 1D and 2D NMR spectra and completed by the analysis of the HR-ESI-MS data. Compound <b>1</b> is the secondly reported compound on a rearranged tricyclic abietane (4,5-<i>seco</i>-5,10-<i>friedo</i>-abietane) diterpenoid with a ketal functionality between C-2 and C-11. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of <b>1</b> was also proposed.</p></div

A nor-diterpene from <i>Salvia sahendica</i> leaves

<p>Phytochemical investigation of <i>n</i>-hexane extract of <i>Salvia sahendica</i> by normal phase column chromatography resulted in the isolation of six compounds. Structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS, as a new norditerpene <b>1</b>, and known terpenoids, sclareol (<b>2</b>), oleanolic acid (<b>3</b>), β-sitosterol (<b>4</b>), salvigenin (<b>5</b>) and 3<i>α</i>-hydroxy-11<i>α</i>,12<i>α</i>-epoxyoleanan-28,13<i>β</i>-olide (<b>6</b>). The absolute configuration of <b>1</b> was confirmed by a combination of X-ray single crystal analysis and electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and also the antimicrobial activity of the pure compounds were tested against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Bacilus cereus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>.</p

Escritura pública de declaración de [...] de localidades, [...] de esta y del Convenio con los accionistas otorgada por la Comisión Directiva del Teatre del Liceo y reglamento de mismo ante Francisco Javier Moreu, notario, 31 de marzo de 1851

A new triterpenoid, urmiensolide (<b>1</b>), was isolated from <i>Salvia urmiensis</i>. The structure was elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The absolute configuration was established by comparison of experimental and simulated ECD spectra. Urmiensolide is the first pentacyclic triterpenoid bearing a ε-lactone E-ring. The compound showed in vitro antitrypanosoal activity with an IC₅₀ value of 5.6 μM against the <i>Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense</i> STIB 900 strain and a selectivity index of 33. A possible biosynthetic pathway of <b>1</b> from α-amyrin is proposed