Culture and achievement motivation

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102201/1/ijop283948.pd

Psychology in Relationship to Theology

The purpose of this paper is not to answer specific questions but rather to probe widely and, to as great a degree as possible, effectively into the field in order to raise certain questions and determine the point of thrust of future research

Goal Theory Is Not Dead—Not Yet, Anyway: A Reflection on the Special Issue

The author suggests how these papers converge in portraying the nature of motivation, learning, and achievement. That portrayal proceeds from a social—cognitive framework that stresses the centrality of goals in framing whether, when, and how students are likely to approach or avoid academic tasks. He points out, however, that approach and avoidance, although an important aspect of motivation, do not fully encompass a domain that is and has been considered the fitting purview of motivation theory and research. Especially in the realm of education, the quality of engagement that eventuates is of equal if not greater importance relative to choice and direction. However, a primary question raised in these comments relates to the nature of goals and how they operate in framing action, thought, and feelings. Some of the work reflected in the wider goal theory literature as well as in some of these papers, suggests that goals are closely linked to a varying role of self in determining the nature and direction of action, feelings, and thought. Some of the work seems to limit goals to a specific kind of objective under limited circumstances. Finally, questions are raised about whether or how the work presented would define the role of context in determining motivation. Clearly, although work reflected in these papers is truly impressive, it is impressive not just for conclusions reached but also for new questions prompted.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44451/1/10648_2004_Article_292342.pd

Understanding Motivation and Schooling: Where We've Been, Where We Are, and Where We Need to Go

This paper presents an interpretive summary of the progress that has been made in the study of motivation, especially as this work relates to the area of education. Motivation research has “come of age” with theoretical frameworks rooted in an established body of findings, and with the development of core methodologies for pursuing further knowledge. It has begun to provide a firm base for guiding educational practice. Current work is clearly in accord with mainstream psychology in that cognitive models of motivation are the predominant guides for research. Future work is likely to focus increasingly on how the meaning construction process affects engagement in tasks. Researchers should consider a wider array of research procedures and give greater attention to understanding motivation as it occurs in natural settings, especially as educational interventions are attempted. A serious deficiency in the motivation literature is that relatively little attention has been given to differences related to sociocultural backgrounds.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44456/1/10648_2004_Article_414425.pd

Personal investment in Japan and the U.S.A.: A study of worker motivation,

The Inventory of Personal Investment (IPI) was administered to 522 Japanese and 746 American workers to compare their work motivation and self-concepts. Eleven subscales were formed based on the IPI model and were found through factor analysis to be appropriate for the samples in both countries. Discriminant analyses of scale scores by subjects' nationality, gender, occupational strata, and age are reported. Findings included: (1) Japanese and American workers sampled emphasized different aspects of meaning as they perceive work and self, (2) Japanese and American women sampled exhibited similar profiles to one another, as did the two male subsamples, and (3) motivational profiles for various age groupings differed between the two samples. The results are related to previous research on Japanese and American workers.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/30299/1/0000701.pd

Nuclear Reprogramming Strategy Modulates Differentiation Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Bioengineered by ectopic expression of stemness factors, induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells demonstrate embryonic stem cell-like properties and offer a unique platform for derivation of autologous pluripotent cells from somatic tissue sources. In the process of nuclear reprogramming, somatic tissues are converted to a pluripotent ground state, thus unlocking an unlimited potential to expand progenitor pools. Molecular dissection of nuclear reprogramming suggests that a residual memory derived from the original parental source, along with the remnants of the reprogramming process itself, leads to a biased potential of the bioengineered progeny to differentiate into target tissues such as cardiac cytotypes. In this way, iPS cells that fulfill pluripotency criteria may display heterogeneous profiles for lineage specification. Small molecule-based strategies have been identified that modulate the epigenetic state of reprogrammed cells and are optimized to erase the residual memory and homogenize the differentiation potential of iPS cells derived from distinct backgrounds. Here, we describe the salient components of the reprogramming process and their effect on the downstream differentiation capacity of the iPS populations in the context of cardiovascular regenerative applications

Building Job Commitment Among Employees

This article is concerned with how persons in leadership roles can elicit the motivation, commitment, and personal investment of members of an organization. Recent research on employee motivation is briefly summarized and interpreted. It is argued that those in leadership roles bear a special responsibility for creating a sense of purpose in the organization. It is as leaders engage the members of an organization in establishing goals, in focusing on the purpose of their work and the mission of the organization, that they are most likely to elicit personal investment. The design and use of other management tasks, especially evaluation, play an important complementary role in reinforcing the sense of a shared purpose and therewith can contribute significantly to the development of employee commitment.published or submitted for publicatio

Building Job Commitment Among Employees

published or submitted for publicatio

Motivation as personal investment

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