Mentoring for Ministry in Hinduism

Understanding mentoring for ministry in Hinduism

TOXIC EFFECT OF PHARMACEUTICALS WITH REFERENCE TO OXYTETRACYCLINE

Manufacturing and release of pharmaceuticals are increasing in different countries of the world especially in developing countries. The discharge from wastewater plant contains a wide range of classes of pharmaceuticals. Rapidly growing economy, aquaculture, and livestock industry has led to increased incidences of diseases and has increased the release of pharmaceuticals into natural environment which is affecting the biodiversity of hotspots adversely. This review mainly focuses on antibiotic oxytetracycline, its use, structure, occurrence in aquatic environments and other environmental compartments, lastly an overview of toxicity to fish is provided. The threats posed by these pharmaceuticals are evident from the studies showing their toxic effect on different aquatic organisms

Novel welfare determination of farmed Atlantic salmon exposed to different photo period regimes prior to sea transfer using digital phenotyping and machine learning

The well-being of fish must be a priority as fish have cognitive abilities and good welfare is a must for optimum production. The purpose of the research was to determine welfare of Atlantic salmon exposed to different light regimes prior to seawater transfer: 8 hours of light:16 hours of darkness, 12 hours of light:12 hours of darkness, 24 hours of light:0 hours of darkness for six weeks, thereafter all treatment groups were exposed to a continuous light regime of 24 hours light:0 hours darkness for six weeks. The PIT-tagged fish were sampled for analysis prior to sea water transfer in June 2021, 3 months after transfer in November 2021 and before harvesting in April 2022. Fish were weighed, measured for fish length, and individually photographed at all three samplings. The images were then analyzed using ImageJ software, where the wound area and affected area surrounding the wounds were calculated. Welfare scoring was also done, including scale loss, looser fish (emaciation), jaw deformity, skin hemorrhages, eye hemorrhages, cataract, dorsal fin damage(active), dorsal fin damage (healed), and cataract. The results from ImageJ were compared with the result from machine learning algorithm. Prior to sea water transfer the fish had no wounds, whereas in November 9.45 % of the fish population had wounds. In April, 48.4% of the fish had wounds. The results showed that a relatively high variation in biometric traits is expected among individual salmon farmed in seawater, independent of light treatment in freshwater. Nevertheless, 24-hour light treatment in freshwater appeared to be preferable for body growth and condition factor in the long-term in seawater, without compromising fish welfare due to skin issues, including ulcers. Salmon exposed to 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness in freshwater appeared to have highest prevalence of dorsal fin damages. However, calculated growth in seawater (TGC and SGC) was similar for all light treatments in freshwater. Image analyses, and particularly machine learning based on images, show a promising potential for efficient determination of fish welfare issues such as skin ulcers in Atlantic salmon

On Some Inequalities Involving Harmonic Mean and Moments

We derive bounds on the second order moment of a random variable in terms of its arithmetic and harmonic means. Both discrete and continuous cases are considered and it is shown that the present bounds provide refinements of the bounds which exist in literature. As an application we obtain a lower bound for the spread of a positive definite matrix A in terms of traces of A, A-1 and A2. Our results compare favourably with those obtained by Wolkowicz and Styan (Bounds for eigenvalues using traces, Lin. Alg. Appl. 29, 471-506, 1980)

Synthesis of a reusable novel catalyst (β-tricalcium phosphate) for biodiesel production from a common Indian tribal feedstock

In recent times, the rate of energy consumption goes on increasing and the world is desperately searching for new sources of fuel. Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters) is an alternative renewable energy resource for the next generation. Biodiesel has several advantages which include its non-toxic nature, it is biodegradable and it reduces greenhouse gas emissions. β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) catalyst was synthesized from fish waste. Fish waste contains calcium phosphate which is converted into β-tricalcium phosphate since it has low crystallinity and hydroxyl (OH) groups which decrease the potential to be a good catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel through transesterification. This paper explores the synthesis of biodiesel using β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) as a heterogeneous catalyst. Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) oil was extracted from seeds through the solvent extraction process. Intended for the development of easier transesterification process, stable and active heterogeneous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca3(PO4)2) catalyst was synthesized and used for the P. pinnata (Karanja) oil transesterifi- cation process. The synthesized heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and EDX to determine its structural and morphological characteristics

AYURVEDA: EMERGING BENEFACTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH CARE

The social impact of ill health is on the rise, with some diseases affecting not only the health of individuals but also that of a nations economy with their increasing healthcare costs. The enormous complexity of human body offers scope to conceptualize its dynamic organization in a number of ways such as structural, biochemical, functional, etc. The conventional western medicine views the body from a structural perspective, whereas Ayurveda, the ancient medical system of India, understands the human body from the perspective of functions/Tridoshas (Vata, Pitta and Kapha). Ayurveda is a holistic science and Ayurvedic treatment aims not only at removal of disease, but also at the restoration of the equilibrium of bodily functions. These different viewpoints of Ayurveda and western medicine have resulted not only in the use of different terminologies and metaphors to explain the human system but also in their different approaches to health and illness. In the recent past there has been a growing interest in Ayurvedic system of Medicine and their relevance to public health. In this context, there is a critical need to mainstream Ayurveda into public health care to achieve the objective of improved access to healthcare facilities

Induction of genotoxicity after subchronic treatment with 4-nonylphenol in blood cells from gill and kidney and restoration of DNA integrity after recovery by Channa punctatus

The aim of present study was to assess the genotoxic effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds 4-nonylphenol (NP) on Channa punctatus after sub chronic exposure. Blood cells from gill and kidney were used for the study and micronucleated cell (MNC) and aberrant cell (AC) frequencies were used as biological indicators. The exposure was given to C. punctatus for 90 days, and the effect was seen after 30, 60, and 90 days of exposure. Three sublethal concentrations were decided after calculating the safe application rate. Exposure resulted in increased frequency of MNC and AC in both the tissues. Gill tissue was found to be more sensitive to 4-nonylphenol exposure. Highest MNC and AC frequency was found at 90 days of exposure in gill tissue and the values were 4.45±0.28 and 63.71±0.84 respectively. After exposure for 90 days, post-30 days recovery was also studied and we found a significant reduction (p?0.01) in the values of both the parameters showing a great capacity of C. punctatus to restore its DNA integrity