51 research outputs found
Laboratorijske analize krvnog seruma i urina pasa sa akutnom renalnom insuficijencijom izazvanom gentamicinom
The use of aminoglucoside antibiotics can be a potential risk for renal parenchyma damage and consequently acute renal failure (ARF). ARF is a syndrome that develops from progressive nephron damage resulting in the loss of renal function. Numerous experimental models have been used to study acute renal failure mainly describing histo-pathological changes in the structure of this organ. Our investigations were conducted in order to evaluate the functional capacity of kidneys in dogs with ARF induced by application of gentamicin in high doses of 80 mg/kg/24 , during 7 days. For that purpose, physico-chemical properties of the urine, concentrations of relevant parameters in the sera and urine and endogenous creatinine clearance were estimated. Our results indicate that gentamicin, in doses 20 times higher than therapeutic ones, causes progressive ARF starting from the 3 day of application.Pod odreÄenim uslovima upotreba aminoglukozidnih antibiotika može predstavljati potencijalni rizik za nastanak oÅ”teÄenja u parenhimu bubrega i poslediÄne akutne renalne insuficijencije (ARI). ARI je sindrom koji nastaje usled progresivnog propadanja nefrona, Å”to dovodi do gubitka sposobnosti bubrega da obavljaju svoju funkciju. Za prouÄavanje akutne renalne insuficijencije koriÅ”Äen je veÄi broj razliÄitih eksperimentainih modela pri Äemu su uglavnom opisivane histopatoloÅ”ke promene u ovom organu. NaÅ”a ispitivanja su imala za cilj da se utvrdi funkcionalna sposobnost bubrega pasa u toku akutne renalne insuficijencije, izazvane visokim dozama gentamicina (80 mg/kg/24h), aplikovanim tokom 7 dana. U tom cilju su odreÄivane fiziÄko-hemijske karakteristike mokraÄe, koncentracija relevantnih sastojaka u serumu i urinu kao i klirens endogenog kreatininina. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da se dozama gentamicina, dvadeset puta veÄim od terapijskih, veÄ posle tri dana aplikacije izaziva ARI koja ima progresivan tok do kraja ogleda
Healing of open fracture of shoulder bone in owl
Curing and treatment of accidental injuries in birds that have the nature of complex, old and contaminated wounds demand maximum caution from the surgeon. Birds, in particular wild fowl, are sensitive to manipulation during examinations and the diagnosis of the injuries. The estimate of the complexity of an injury and the general condition of the patient are of key importance for the correct choice of diagnostic procedures, anesthesia, and the operative procedure. The implementation of ketamine and diazepam for general injection anesthesia provides possibilities for the unhindered executing of the surgical procedure. The implementation of Kischner needles and pins is a good choice for the fixation of long bones in birds. The postoperative course in the patient requires constant medical and professional supervision which must be followed to the letter
Contrast media for myelography and possible complications following their application
Mijelografija predstavlja radioloÅ”ku metodu pregleda kralježniÄkog stupa koji podrazumijeva aplikaciju kontrastnih sred- stava u subarahnoidalni prostor u cilju dija- gnostike razliÄitih patoloÅ”kih stanja. Ranija aplikacija uljnih kontrastnih sredstava Äesto nije davala zadovoljavajuÄe rezultate i nosi- la je sa sobom odreÄene rizike. Zbog loÅ”eg mijeÅ”anja s cerebrospinalnom tekuÄinom uljna kontrastna sredstva se neravnomjeno distribuiraju duž kralježniÄkog kanala, relativno sporo se izluÄuju iz organizma, a mogu izazvati i kroniÄne upalne procese. Upravo iz tih razloga, uljni kontrasti su zamijenjeni ni- skoosmolarnim neionskim kontrastima koji su topljivi u vodi. U suvremenoj rendgenolo- giji se za mijelografiju najÄeÅ”Äe koriste metri- zamid, iopamidol i ioheksol. Metrizamid se obiÄno upotrebljava kao izotoniÄna otopina koja sadrži 170 mg J/mL, dok su iopamidol i ioheksol neznatno hipertoniÄni i sadrže oko 300 mg J/mL. MeÄutim, pri aplikaciji ovih kontrastnih sredstava, u praksi se mogu do- goditi brojne komplikacije kao Å”to su neuro- loÅ”ke egzacerbacije, hiperestezija, povraÄanje i apneja. One su najÄeÅ”Äe posljedica uporabe metrizamida, ali se mogu javiti i poslije pri- mjene iopamidola i ioheksola i uglavnom su prolaznog karaktera. ImajuÄi u vidu iznijete Äinjenice, u okviru ovog rada su prikazani li- teraturni podacti u kojima su navedena razli- Äita iskustva brojnih autora koja se odnose na izbor kontrastnih sredstava, naÄin aplikacije i moguÄe komplikacije koje mogu nastupiti zbog njihove primjene.Myelography is the radiological method of examination of the spinal column, and in- volves the application of contrast media into the subarachnoidal space in order to diagnose different pathological conditions. The for- merly used application of oil-based contrast media did not yield consistent, satisfactory re- sults and also carried certain risks. Due to the poor mixing of oil-based contrast agents with cerebrospinal fluid, distribution along the spi- nal canal was uneven, excretion from the body very slow, and their application often caused chronic inflammation. For these reasons, oil- based contrast media have since been replaced with low osmolality, water soluble, non-ionic contrasts. In contemporary radiology, the com- monly used contrast media for myelography are metrizamide, iopamidol and iohexol. Me- trizamide is often used as an isotonic solution
containing 170 mg I/mL, while iopamidol and iohexol are slightly hypertonic, containing ap- proximately 300 mg I/mL. The application of these contrast agents can also produce a wide range of complications in clinical practice, such as neurological exacerbation, hyperaes- thesia, vomiting and apnea. These symptoms are usually a consequence of metrizamide, but may also occur following the administration of iopamidol and iohexsol. In that case, com- plications are mostly transient. Regarding the facts presented, a large number of literature data are outlined in this paper. Moreover, dif- ferent author reports are described regarding the selection of contrast agents, their method of application, and the possible complications that can occur as a result of their usage
RendgenoloŔka procena apeksogeneze nakon primene hidroksiapatita
The treatment of pulp in teeth with incomplete apex formation is still a clinical challenge. In addition to the most widely used medication for this purpose, calcium hydroxide, other materials have also been tested. Following the use of synthetic biomaterials for restoring bone tissue, and considering their recognized biocompatibility and bioconductivity, our intention was to explore the possibility of using synthetic biomaterials in the endodontic treatment of permanent teeth with incomplete apex formation. The aim of this study was to observe the effectiveness of hydroxyapatite in apexogenesis of young permanent teeth. In this study a 100 Āµm synthetic hydroxyapatite material, Beohap (HAP) powder, was applied to 24 teeth in 3 dogs of 5.5 months of age, after incomplete root development was established on radiographs. The treated teeth were radiographed monthly and the radiographs compared with those of the corresponding teeth on the other side of the jaw until completion of apex growth. The tested teeth were divided into three groups according to the method of treatment: the first was direct pulp capping, the second was amputation of the pulp at the enamelcement junction and the third was high amputation at the radiographically identified point of root growth. On the basis of radiographic analysis, apex formation was successful in all test groups, with no significant differences between the three groups and the controls (Fisher's and Ļ 2 test). Deformities of the root apex were observed in two teeth (25%) in the third group.Tretman pulpe u vreme kada joÅ” uvek traje rast i razvoj korena predstavlja i dalje kliniÄki izazov. Pored kalcijum hidroksida, najÄeÅ”Äe i najduže upotrebljavanog medikamenta u ovakvim sluÄajevima, svakodnevno se testiraju i mnogi drugi materijali. Nakon Å”to su se sintetski biomaterijali pokazali uspeÅ”nim u restauraciji koÅ”tnog tkiva uz njihovu priznatu biokompatibilnost i biokonduktivnost, naÅ”a namera je bila da istražimo moguÄnost primene hidroksiapatita kao sintetskog biomaterijala u endodontskom tretmanu zuba sa nezavrÅ”enim rastom korena. U ovom istraživanju primenjen je Beohap, sintetski hidroksiapatit, proseÄne veliÄine Äestica =100 Āµm, aplikovan na 24 zuba sa nezavrÅ”enim rastom korena kod tri psa uzrasta 5,5 meseci. Uzrorci su kontrolisani radiografski i poreÄeni sa kontralateralnim netretiranim zubima do zavrÅ”etka rasta korena. Tretirani zubi su podeljeni u tri grupe: u prvoj je uraÄeno direktno prekrivanje pulpe, u drugoj je pulpa uklonjena do cementno-gleÄne granice, a u treÄoj je pulpa uklonjena do radiografski vidljivog vrha korena. Na osnovu analize rendgen filmova utvrÄeno je da je formiranje vrha korena bilo zavrÅ”eno u sve tri grupe bez statistiÄkih znaÄajnosti razlika (Fisher's i Ļ 2 testovi) Deformiteti vrha korena uoÄeni su u 2 uzorka u treÄoj grupi (25%)
Ispitivanje efekata razliÄitih elektroterapijskih procedura u tretmanu ankilozirajuÄeg spondilitisa kod pasa
This paper presents the results of studies on the effects of suppression of chronic pain by currents with low (TENS), medium (Intf) and high (MT) frequencies, in dogs with ankylosing spondilytis. Prior to imaging diagnostics the dogs were clinically observed, trias was estimated, as well as habitus, neurological signs and degree of pain. After a 10 day treatment it was clear that all three treatments resulted in a significant decrease of pain at rest, during activity or during palpation. TENS currents have shown the highest degree of effect. All treated animals have shown improved motility after a few months of therapy. Despite the fact that all animals had an improved clinical picture none of the applied currents resulted in a complete loss of limping. Dogs treated with Intf currents displayed a decrease in muscular atrophy. Motility of the coxofemoural joint was most evident in the group treated with microwaves.U radu su prikazana ispitivanja supresije hroniÄnog bola pod uticajem struja niske (TENS), srednje (Intf) i visoke (MT) frekvence, kod pasa sa ankilozirajuÄim spondilitisom. Psi su pre rendgenskog snimanja opservirani, uraÄena im je procena trijasa, habitusa, a zatim neuroloÅ”ki pregled i odreÄivanje stepena bola. Nakon desetodnevnog tretmana, uoÄeno je da su sva tri postupka dovela do visoko znaÄajnog smanjenja bola u toku mirovanja ili aktivnosti i pri palpaciji, pri Äemu su se isticale TENS struje u odnosu na Intf struje i mikrotalase. Kod tretiranih jedinki je zapažena izraženija motorna aktivnost, a nekoliko meseci od poÄetka leÄenja, uz odreÄene kineziterapijske vežbe, psi su bili sa bitno redukovanim simptomima oboljenja. Iako je u svakoj grupi ispitivanih jedinki doÅ”lo do poboljÅ” anja stanja, ni jedan terapijski postupak nije doveo do potpunog gubitka hromosti. Jedino je u grupi pacijenata tretiranih sa Intf strujama, doÅ”lo do znaÄajnog smanjenja stepena miÅ”iÄne atrofije, a pokretljivost koksofemoralnih zglobova je bila najizraženija kod pacijenata tretiranih mikrotalasima
Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) in a three-year-old German shepherd
An unusual case of forelimb lameness in a three-year-old German Shepherd has
been described. An incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) in
both elbows has been diagnosed, which is a rare condition in this breed. The
original radiographs and clinical examination were inconclusive. The
diagnosis was established after scintigraphy proving elbow involvement and
followed by a CT examination of both elbows. An arthroscopic examination
showed a cleft in the articular cartilage between both humeral condyles.
Because of the absence of lameness at the moment of admittance, initially
conservative treatment was performed, which consisted of rest and avoiding
trauma. The dog remained lameness-free during one year, whereafter he showed
severe lameness in the left front leg. Although a second CT examination
showed some progress of the lesions, it was decided to treat the left elbow
with forage and physiotherapy consisting of laser treatment and therapeutic
ultrasound. The dog responded favourably to the therapy and remains free of
lameness to date. The optimal treatment of this disease remains debatable
but the results of the treatment of this patient suggest that forage
combined with physiotherapy could offer a justifiable option
RadioloÅ”ke tehnike pregleda, interpretacija snimaka i dijagnostika najÄeÅ”Äih patoloÅ”kih stanja zuba kuniÄa i glodara
KuniÄi i veÄina glodara imaju aradikularne hipsodontne zube koji se odlikuju stalnim rastom tokom Äitavog života, zbog Äega je neop- hodno da se oni neprekidno troÅ”e. Nedovoljno poznavanje osnovnih bioloÅ”kih odlika ovih životinja i njihovih potreba u ishrani, Äesto rezul- tira pojavom razliÄitih patoloÅ”kih promena na zubima od kojih su naj- zastupljenije malokluzija i apikalna elongacija korena zuba (rezervne krunice). Ukoliko se ove promene ne dijagnostikuju blagovremeno i ne preduzme odgovarajuÄa terapija, Äesto dolazi do komplikacija u vidu pojave apscesa, opstrukcije nazolakrimalnog kanala sa poslediÄnim egzoftalmusom, kao i poremeÄaja funkcije organa respiratornog i/ili gastrointestinalnog sistema koji mogu imati letalan ishod. U svakod- nevnoj kliniÄkoj praksi, doktori veterinarske medicine se sve ÄeÅ”Äe su- sreÄu sa ovom problematikom, a za postavljanje taÄne dijagnoze kao i praÄenje efekata terapije, neophodno je primeniti radioloÅ”ke metode pregleda. Samim tim, osnovni cilj ove radionice je da se polaznici upo- znaju sa osobenostima zuba kuniÄa i razliÄitih vrsta glodara, kao i da savladaju tehnike radioloÅ”kog pregleda zuba i pregleda nazolakrimal- nog kanala uz primenu pozitivnog kontrastnog sredstva (dakriocisto- grafija) i da savladaju veÅ”tinu tumaÄenja dobijenih rendgenskih sni- maka. Tokom ove radionice, biÄe prikazana najÄeÅ”Äa patoloÅ”ka stanja zuba kuniÄa i glodara koja Äe biti detaljno diskutovana
Radiological Examination of Incisor Teeth in Rabbit (Oryctolagus Cuniculus)
Pathological conditions of rabbit teeth are very common in clinical practice and may also lead to deathdue to serious complications. Therefore, special attention should be paid to early diagnosis to allow timelytherapy. Radiographic diagnosis is a simple, quick and inevitable procedure to assess the condition of theteeth. Nevertheless, radiological examination of rabbit teeth has some peculiarities that are reflected inthe imaging procedures and interpretation of radiographs in comparison with other mammalian species
Sanacija otvorenog preloma ramene kosti sove
Curing and treatment of accidental injuries in birds that have the nature of complex, old and contaminated wounds demand maximum caution from the surgeon. Birds, in particular wild fowl, are sensitive to manipulation during examinations and the diagnosis of the injuries. The estimate of the complexity of an injury and the general condition of the patient are of key importance for the correct choice of diagnostic procedures, anesthesia, and the operative procedure. The implementation of ketamine and diazepam for general injection anesthesia provides possibilities for the unhindered executing of the surgical procedure. The implementation of Kischner needles and pins is a good choice for the fixation of long bones in birds. The postoperative course in the patient requires constant medical and professional supervision which must be followed to the letter.Sanacija i terapija akcidentalnih povreda ptica koje imaju karakter složenih, starih i kontaminiranih rana, zahteva od hirurga maksimalnu opreznost. Ptice, posebno divlje, osetljive su na manipulaciju prilikom pregleda i dijagnostikovanja povreda. Procena složenosti povrede i opÅ”teg stanja pacijenta, su od kljuÄnog znaÄaja za pravilan izbor dijagnostiÄkih postupaka, anestezije i operativnog zahvata. Primena ketamin hlorida i diazepama za opÅ”tu injekcionu anesteziju, daje moguÄnost za nesmetano izvoÄenje operativnog zahvata. Primena KiÅ”nerovih igala i klinova su dobar izbor za osteofiksaciju dugih cevastih kostiju kod ptica. Postoperativni tok zahteva stalni medicinski i struÄni nadzor pacijenta koji se mora u potpunosti ispoÅ”tovati
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