THE DIFFERENCES OF MODERNISM AND REALISM

A comparative study of modernist and realistic inventive traits in Europe in the early 19th century is discussed right here underneath. The intention is to examine how political and social hierarchy had been stimulated by using each movement. The most convincing points located inside the modern scholarship mirror the resistance to the contemporary and revolutionary technique practised by artists of the emerging middle elegance. It will serve for the visible composition and political convictions of the instant as an ancient context. The essence of this investigation is to understand how social reform changed into added on through movements

EFFECTIVENESS OF VESTIBULAR STIMULATION IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to find out the effects of vestibular stimulation in developmental coordination disorder (DCD) children. Methodology: Thirty children (n=30) were screened using the DCD questionnaire (DCDQ). After baseline screening among the 30 children, 15 were confirmed as suspects of DCD. Vestibular stimulation was given for all the 15 children. Results: It is revealed that the motor coordination was improved significantly in children with DCD. Conclusion: The present study concluded that vestibular stimulation is effective to enhance performance in tasks requiring motor coordination

Cardiac-Oxidized Antigens Are Targets of Immune Recognition by Antibodies and Potential Molecular Determinants in Chagas Disease Pathogenesis

Trypanosoma cruzi elicits reactive oxygen species (ROS) of inflammatory and mitochondrial origin in infected hosts. In this study, we examined ROS-induced oxidative modifications in the heart and determined whether the resultant oxidized cardiac proteins are targets of immune response and of pathological significance in Chagas disease. Heart biopsies from chagasic mice, rats and human patients exhibited, when compared to those from normal controls, a substantial increase in protein 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) adducts. To evaluate whether oxidized proteins gain antigenic properties, heart homogenates or isolated cardiomyocytes were oxidized in vitro and one- or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE)/Western blotting (WB) was performed to investigate the proteomic oxidative changes and recognition of oxidized proteins by sera antibodies in chagasic rodents (mice, rats) and human patients. Human cardiomyocytes exhibited LD50 sensitivity to 30 µM 4-HNE and 100 µM H2O2 at 6 h and 12 h, respectively. In vitro oxidation with 4-HNE or H2O2 resulted in a substantial increase in 4-HNE- and carbonyl-modified proteins that correlated with increased recognition of cardiac (cardiomyocytes) proteins by sera antibodies of chagasic rodents and human patients. 2D-GE/Western blotting followed by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis to identify cardiac proteins that were oxidized and recognized by human chagasic sera yielded 82 unique proteins. We validated the 2D-GE results by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and WB and demonstrated that oxidation of recombinant titin enhanced its immunogenicity and recognition by sera antibodies from chagasic hosts (rats and humans). Treatment of infected rats with phenyl-α-tert-butyl nitrone (PBN, antioxidant) resulted in normalized immune detection of cardiac proteins associated with control of cardiac pathology and preservation of heart contractile function in chagasic rats. We conclude that ROS-induced, cardiac-oxidized antigens are targets of immune recognition by antibodies and molecular determinants for pathogenesis during Chagas disease

NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE – PILOT STUDY

Objective: The aim of the current research is to evaluate the benefits of electrical stimulation of quadriceps for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Methods: Ten COPD patients were willing to get enrolled in the study and after baseline screening procedure received neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) with exercises for the bilateral lower limb. NMES is cost-effective and best be available to the population with COPD at the bedside. Results: There exist a significant increase in five sit to stand test (p<0.01), 6-min walk test (p<0.05), and clinical COPD questionnaire (p<0.05), followed by the application of NMES. Conclusion: NMES has no impact and stress over the respiratory system and it is a gold standard exercise training modality in improving quality of life and satisfaction for people with COPD in rural locations where access to hospitalization is limited

Validation of diagnostic assessment tool for developmental coordination disorder

Objective:  To establish the validity of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) assessment tool in Indian context Method: This study was a quantitative research design. Thirty samples were included through simple random sampling to examine concurrent validity and discriminant validity of diagnostic assessment tool for developmental coordination disorder  Results: Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 30). There was a positive correlation between Diagnostic assessment tool for developmental coordination disorder and BOT-2. There was significant difference in typically developing and developmental coordination sample on diagnostic tool for developmental coordination disorder. Conclusion: Diagnostic tool for developmental coordination disorder has good concurrent validity and correctly discriminate typically developing sample performance from Developmental coordination sample. It depicts that discriminant validity was adequate. Further normative and validation studies can be done to strengthen psychometric properties

Development of diagnostic assessment tool for developmental coordination disorder

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop diagnostic assessment tool for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Method: Methodological research, quantitative research design. Diagnostic assessment tool for Developmental coordination disorder was developed based on literature review and expert opinion. Content reliability was established through item-item analysis with 50 samples. Test-retest reliability of DCD diagnostic tool was examined in 3 week interval with 30 samples. Interrater reliability of DCD diagnostic assessment tool was examined with 30 samples. Results: DCD diagnostic assessment tool has 5 subtest with 25 items. There was positive correlation between each items and subtest of DCD diagnostic assessment tool. Test-retest reliability and interrater reliability of DCD diagnostic assessment tool was adequate. Conclusion: Diagnostic assessment tool for Developmental coordination assessment tool has good content reliability, interrater and test-retest reliability.  Further study can be conducted with large sample size to strength psychomotor abilities of DCD diagnostic assessment tool

Effectiveness of an Occupational Therapy Memory Strategy Education Group Intervention on Memory Difficulties and Activities of Daily Living Performance among the Geriatric Population: A Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: Memory deficits are one of the common indications of cognitive aging, and they are an essential component for completing day-to-day activities in an effective, timely, and safe manner. Disturbances in memory can have a major impact on an individual’s performance in all areas of occupation. Memory alterations have a substantial influence on numerous elements of everyday living, including sentiments and conceptions of self, connections with others, participation in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and engagement in leisure activities. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of an occupational therapy Memory Strategy Education Group (MSEG) intervention on memory difficulties and its impact on ADL performance among the geriatric population. Materials and Methods: The present quasi-experimental pre-post-test pilot study was conducted at Department of Occupational Therapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 10 participants aged 60 years and above were recruited from a community setting through convenience sampling and were divided into an experimental group (n=5) and a control group (n=5). The experimental group participants received MSEG intervention, while the control group participants received conventional occupational therapy memory intervention for three weeks. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Contextual Memory Test (CMT), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were used to measure occupational performance, memory, and ADL. The outcome measure scores within groups were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the comparison of outcome measures between the groups was analysed using the MannWhitney U test. An alpha level of p=0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 24.0 version was used to analyse the data. Results: In the present study, a total of 10 participants from the age group of 60-75 years (mean age=67.4 years) were included, and each group (control and experimental) consisted of five participants (3 males and 2 females). The results showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in COPM-Performance and CMT (p=0.032; p=0.018, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups in FIM (p=0.347). Further analysis revealed a clinically significant difference between the control and experimental groups in post-test scores. Conclusion: The results of the study concluded that the MSEG intervention is effective in improving memory difficulties in the geriatric population but had a lesser effect on improving ADL performance

Effectiveness of MusicGlove on Motor and Psychological Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Quasi-experimental Study

Introduction: Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease commonly experience both physical and psychological effects, which subsequently affect their ability to perform daily activities and overall wellbeing. MusicGlove is an emerging adjunct proposed to address the motor issues but also the psychological ones with references to improving motivation and participation in individuals with Parkinson’s Disease. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of the MusicGlove on hand dexterity and the psychological response in individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed on 40 individuals with Parkinson disease January 2021 to June 2021 from local community settings in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India. They were recruited and divided into a control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20). Hand dexterity and psychological responses were assessed using the Box and Block Test (BBT), Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), and Apathy Inventory (AI) as pre and post-test measures. Both groups received conventional occupational therapy for three weeks in total, and in addition to this, the experimental group received the MusicGlove. The control group included muscle stretching and strengthening activities with therapeutic putty and using activities such as connecting circles where the subject is given a sheet of paper with 25 circles, each containing 25 numbers or letters. They were asked to connect these in ascending, alternating numerical, and alphabetical order. Sessions were conducted for 30 minutes with two sets of repetitions. Descriptive statistics were used to examine data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Results: The study results revealed that there was no statistically significant difference found between the groups but clinically significant differences were found between the groups with post-test scores on motor symptoms that were measured by BBT: μ=-1.2534, p=0.211 (BBT Dominant); μ=-0.9400, p-value=0.3472 (BBT Non Dominant), and psychological symptoms that were measured by BDI; (μ=-1.0445, p-value=0.2983) and AI; (μ=-1.0445, p-value=0.9203). Conclusion: The study concluded that conventional occupational therapy along with MusicGlove was effective in improving hand dexterity and psychological responses in Parkinson’s disease patients. Also, further study needs to be conducted to warrant its long-term impact of intervention on hand dexterity and psychological responses