Southern Chesapeake Bay water color and circulation analysis

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Transcriptional Signatures of Brain Aging and Alzheimer\u27s Disease: What Are Our Rodent Models Telling Us?

Aging is the biggest risk factor for idiopathic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, the National Institutes of Health released AD research recommendations that include: appreciating normal brain aging, expanding data-driven research, using open-access resources, and evaluating experimental reproducibility. Transcriptome data sets for aging and AD in humans and animal models are available in NIH-curated, publically accessible databases. However, little work has been done to test for concordance among those molecular signatures. Here, we test the hypothesis that brain transcriptional profiles from animal models recapitulate those observed in the human condition. Raw transcriptional profile data from twenty-nine studies were analyzed to produce p-values and fold changes for young vs. aged or control vs. AD conditions. Concordance across profiles was assessed at three levels: (1) # of significant genes observed vs. # expected by chance; (2) proportion of significant genes showing directional agreement; (3) correlation among studies for magnitude of effect among significant genes. The highest concordance was found within subjects across brain regions. Normal brain aging was concordant across studies, brain regions, and species, despite profound differences in chronological aging among humans, rats and mice. Human studies of idiopathic AD were concordant across brain structures and studies, but were not concordant with the transcriptional profiles of transgenic AD mouse models. Further, the five transgenic AD mouse models that were assessed were not concordant with one another. These results suggest that normal brain aging is similar in humans and research animals, and that different transgenic AD model mice may reflect selected aspects of AD pathology

The Virginian Sea bibliography

The bibliography of the Virginian Sea is a compendium of literature and environmental data concerning the Middle Atlantic Bight region of the Western North Atlantic - or the United States east coast. The geographical coverage of this bibliography ineludes that region extending from 41° N latitude to 36° N latitude and out 200 miles from the coastal headlands. This volume represents the first step of an effort undertaken by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science to assess the present status of knowledge concerning the physical and chemical environment, biology, and fisheries of the Virginian Sea. We do not put forth this work as a complete bibliography of the Virginian Sea. No bibliographic effort of this scope can attain one-hundred percent coverage. Certainly, however, this bibliography is quite representative of the scientific research that has been done in the Middle Atlantic Bight. Later editions will broaden the bibliographic coverage of this work, correcting omissions as they are noted and making necessary additions. We hope that this bibliography will be useful to government, science, and the private sector; and welcome suggestions and, criticisms which would lead to its improvement

EXAMINING THE RELABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE FITBIT CHARGE 2™ TECHNOLOGY ON HEART RATE DURING TREADMILL EXERCISE

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Fitbit® Charge 2™ compared to a 4-lead ECG to monitor heart rate during exercise. All participants completed a VO2Max test to determine the participants’ cardiorespiratory fitness and appropriate work loads for the intensity protocol. Participants wore a Fitbit® Charge 2™ on the wrist and a 4-lead ECG. 16 participants were assigned to testing conditions: GPS stride length/manual stride length and hold/no-hold on the handrails of the treadmill. The participants completed a walking protocol including light (60% of HRR) intensities while wearing both devices. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to analyze the results. The ECG is a reliable and valid means to monitor heart rate. The Fitbit® Charge 2™ demonstrated poor reliability and validity to monitor heart rate

Phase Transitions in a Dusty Plasma with Two Distinct Particle Sizes

In semiconductor manufacturing, contamination due to particulates significantly decreases the yield and quality of device fabrication, therefore increasing the cost of production. Dust particle clouds can be found in almost all plasma processing environments including both plasma etching devices and in plasma deposition processes. Dust particles suspended within such plasmas will acquire an electric charge from collisions with free electrons in the plasma. If the ratio of inter-particle potential energy to the average kinetic energy is sufficient, the particles will form either a liquid structure with short range ordering or a crystalline structure with long range ordering. Otherwise, the dust particle system will remain in a gaseous state. Many experiments have been conducted over the past decade on such colloidal plasmas to discover the character of the systems formed, but more work is needed to fully understand these structures. The preponderance of previous experiments used monodisperse spheres to form complex plasma systems

Vaccine and methods to reduce campylobacter infection

Vaccine vectors and methods for enhancing resistance to Campylobacter infection or for enhancing the immune response to Campylobacter are provided herein. The vaccine vectors include a first polynucleotide which encodes an antigenic polypeptide selected from SEQ ID NO: 7-9 or a fragment thereof. The vector may also include an immunostimulatory polypeptide. The methods include administering the vaccine vectors to a subject