35,762 research outputs found
Connection and coherence between and among European instruments in the private international law of obligations
This article considers points of connection and coherence between and among the Rome I Regulation, the Rome II Regulation, and Regulation 1215, and relevant predecessor instruments. The degree of consistency in aim, design and detail of conflict of laws rules is examined, vertically (between/among consecutive instruments) and horizontally (across cognate instruments). Symbiosis between instruments is explored, as is the interrelationship between choice of court and choice of law. Disadvantaged parties, and the cohesiveness of their treatment under the Regulations, receive particular attention
Sequentially deployable maneuverable tetrahedral beam
A tetrahedral beam that can be compactly stowed, sequentially deployed, and widely manipulated to provide a structurally sound yet highly maneuverable truss structure is comprised of a number of repeating units of tandem tetralhedral sharing common sides. Fixed length battens are jointed into equilateral triangles called batten frames. Apexes of adjacent triangles are interconnected by longerons having a mid-point folding hinge. Joints, comprised of gussets pivotabley connected by links, permit two independent degrees of rotational freedom between joined adjacent batten frames, and provide a stable structure from packaged configuration to complete deployment. The longerons and joints can be actuated in any sequence, independently of one another. The beam is suited to remote actuation. Longerons may be provided with powered mid-point hinges enabling beam erection and packaging under remote control. Providing one or more longerons with powered telescoping segments permits the shape of the beam central axis to be remotely manipulated so that the beam may function as a remote manipulator arm
Homoclinic snaking in bounded domains
Homoclinic snaking is a term used to describe the back and forth oscillation of a branch of time-independent spatially localized states in a bistable, spatially reversible system as the localized structure grows in length by repeatedly adding rolls on either side. On the real line this process continues forever. In finite domains snaking terminates once the domain is filled but the details of how this occurs depend critically on the choice of boundary conditions. With periodic boundary conditions the snaking branches terminate on a branch of spatially periodic states. However, with non-Neumann boundary conditions they turn continuously into a large amplitude filling state that replaces the periodic state. This behavior, shown here in detail for the Swift-Hohenberg equation, explains the phenomenon of “snaking without bistability”, recently observed in simulations of binary fluid convection by Mercader, Batiste, Alonso and Knobloch (preprint)
Written evidence to Justice Committee, Family Law (Scotland) Act 2006, Post-legislative Scrutiny
No abstract available
Nonparametric methods for the characteristic model
Characteristics models have been found to be useful in many areas of
economics. However, their empirical implementation tends to rely heavily
on functional form assumptions. In this paper we develop a revealed
preference-based nonparametric approach to characteristics models. We
derive the minimal necessary and sufficient empirical conditions under
which data on the market behaviour of individual, heterogeneous, pricetaking
consumers are nonparametrically consistent with the consumer
characteristics model. Where these conditions hold, we show how information
may be recovered on individual consumer’s marginal valuations
of product attributes. In some cases marginal valuations are point identified
and in other cases we can only recover bounds. Where the conditions
fail we highlight the role which the introduction of unobserved product
attributes can play in rationalising the data. We implement these ideas
using consumer panel data on the Danish milk market
Helping families: childcare, early education and the work-life balance
Since Labour came to power in May 1997, there have been substantial increases in spending aimed at helping families with formal childcare, early education and the work-life balance. We look at the effects of these reforms and at the proposals of the parties in this area
Two-frequency forced Faraday waves: Weakly damped modes and pattern selection
Recent experiments (Kudrolli, Pier and Gollub, 1998) on two-frequency
parametrically excited surface waves exhibit an intriguing "superlattice" wave
pattern near a codimension-two bifurcation point where both subharmonic and
harmonic waves onset simultaneously, but with different spatial wavenumbers.
The superlattice pattern is synchronous with the forcing, spatially periodic on
a large hexagonal lattice, and exhibits small-scale triangular structure.
Similar patterns have been shown to exist as primary solution branches of a
generic 12-dimensional -equivariant bifurcation problem, and may
be stable if the nonlinear coefficients of the bifurcation problem satisfy
certain inequalities (Silber and Proctor, 1998). Here we use the spatial and
temporal symmetries of the problem to argue that weakly damped harmonic waves
may be critical to understanding the stabilization of this pattern in the
Faraday system. We illustrate this mechanism by considering the equations
developed by Zhang and Vinals (1997, J. Fluid Mech. 336) for small amplitude,
weakly damped surface waves on a semi-infinite fluid layer. We compute the
relevant nonlinear coefficients in the bifurcation equations describing the
onset of patterns for excitation frequency ratios of 2/3 and 6/7. For the 2/3
case, we show that there is a fundamental difference in the pattern selection
problems for subharmonic and harmonic instabilities near the codimension-two
point. Also, we find that the 6/7 case is significantly different from the 2/3
case due to the presence of additional weakly damped harmonic modes. These
additional harmonic modes can result in a stabilization of the superpatterns.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures; minor text revisions, corrected figure 8; this
version to appear in a special issue of Physica D in memory of John David
Crawfor
Engineering Guidelines for Clean Assembly and Sterilization of Spaceflight Hardware
Engineering specifications for clean assembly and sterilization of space flight hardware to prevent contamination of planetary environment
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