1,218 research outputs found
Conceptual design optimization study
The feasibility of applying multilevel functional decomposition and optimization techniques to conceptual design of advanced fighter aircraft was investigated. Applying the functional decomposition techniques to the conceptual design phase appears to be feasible. The initial implementation of the modified design process will optimize wing design variables. A hybrid approach, combining functional decomposition techniques for generation of aerodynamic and mass properties linear sensitivity derivatives with existing techniques for sizing mission performance and optimization, is proposed
Stressed detector arrays for airborne astronomy
The development of stressed Ge:Ga detector arrays for far-infrared astronomy from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO) is discussed. Researchers successfully constructed and used a three channel detector array on five flights from the KAO, and have conducted laboratory tests of a two-dimensional, 25 elements (5x5) detector array. Each element of the three element array performs as well as the researchers' best single channel detector, as do the tested elements of the 25 channel system. Some of the exciting new science possible with far-infrared detector arrays is also discussed
Cryogenic light detectors with enhanced performance for rare events physics
We have developed and tested a new way of coupling bolometric light detectors
to scintillating crystal bolometers based upon simply resting the light
detector on the crystal surface, held in position only by gravity. This
straightforward mounting results in three important improvements: (1) it
decreases the amount of non-active materials needed to assemble the detector,
(2) it substantially increases the light collection efficiency by minimizing
the light losses induced by the mounting structure, and (3) it enhances the
thermal signal induced in the light detector thanks to the extremely weak
thermal link to the thermal bath. We tested this new technique with a 16 cm
Ge light detector with thermistor readout sitting on the surface of a large
TeO bolometer. The light collection efficiency was increased by greater
than 50\% compared to previously tested alternative mountings. We obtained a
baseline energy resolution on the light detector of 20~eV RMS that, together
with increased light collection, enabled us to obtain the best vs
discrimination ever obtained with massive TeO crystals. At
the same time we achieved rise and decay times of 0.8 and 1.6 ms, respectively.
This superb performance meets all of the requirements for the CUPID (CUORE
Upgrade with Particle IDentification) experiment, which is a 1-ton
scintillating bolometer follow up to CUORE.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Facilitating Effective Communication Between First Responders and Older Adults During Fall Incidents
PURPOSE. The purpose of this project was to provide first responders with communication strategies for older adults that may help when responding to fall- related calls. General information was also provided to First Responders on working with older adults with a focus on the aging process, fall risk factors, and communications strategies.
METHODS. A series of educational sessions to first responders at a local fire district were developed and presented by occupational therapy students. Materials were developed by presenters from evidence-based resources and tailored to the target population. Each presentation focused on statistics about older adults, the aging process, fall risk factors, and effective communication strategies for older adults. Each two hour presentation consisted of a lecture, role play, and a discussion period.
RESULTS. Evaluations were completed by participants upon the conclusion of each educational presentation. Evaluations included rating the quality and information provided, and whether participants recommend this training to other first responders. The average rating was 92-98% which indicated participants strongly agree and the training was useful and would recommend it to other first responders.
CONCLUSION. As the older adult population increases, more individuals wish to âage in placeâ, leading to an increased number of falls among older adults, and requiring emergency care from first responders. Information and communication strategies provided through educational presentations to first responders may help facilitate effective communication during an emergency call with an older adult and also prevent future falls. Collaboration with first responders can help occupational therapists develop new role regarding fall prevention and communication with older adults.https://scholar.dominican.edu/ug-student-posters/1019/thumbnail.jp
Facilitating Effective Communication Between First Responders and Older Adults During Fall Incidents: An Educational Intervention
PURPOSE. The purpose of this project was to provide first responders with communication strategies for older adults that may help when responding to fall- related calls. General information was also provided to First Responders on working with older adults with a focus on the aging process, fall risk factors, and communications strategies.
METHODS. A series of educational sessions to first responders at a local fire district were developed and presented by occupational therapy students. Materials were developed by presenters from evidence-based resources and tailored to the target population. Each presentation focused on statistics about older adults, the aging process, fall risk factors, and effective communication strategies for older adults. Each two hour presentation consisted of a lecture, role play, and a discussion period.
RESULTS. Evaluations were completed by participants upon the conclusion of each educational presentation. Evaluations included rating the quality and information provided, and whether participants recommend this training to other first responders. The average rating was 92-98% which indicated participants strongly agree and the training was useful and would recommend it to other first responders.
CONCLUSION. As the older adult population increases, more individuals wish to âage in placeâ, leading to an increased number of falls among older adults, and requiring emergency care from first responders. Information and communication strategies provided through educational presentations to first responders may help facilitate effective communication during an emergency call with an older adult and also prevent future falls. Collaboration with first responders can help occupational therapists develop new role regarding fall prevention and communication with older adults
Formation of diluted IIIâV nitride thin films by N ion implantation
iluted IIIâNââVâËâ alloys were successfully synthesized by nitrogen implantation into GaAs,InP, and AlyGa1âyAs. In all three cases the fundamental band-gap energy for the ion beam synthesized IIIâNââVâËâ alloys was found to decrease with increasing N implantation dose in a manner similar to that observed in epitaxially grownGaNâAs1âx and InNâPâËâalloys. In GaNâAsâËâ the highest value of x (fraction of âactiveâ substitutional N on As sublattice) achieved was 0.006. It was observed that NAs is thermally unstable at temperatures higher than 850â°C. The highest value of x achieved in InNâPâËâ was higher, 0.012, and the NP was found to be stable to at least 850â°C. In addition, the N activation efficiency in implantedInNâPâËâ was at least a factor of 2 higher than that in GaNâAsâËâ under similar processing conditions. AlyGa1âyNâAsâËâ had not been made previously by epitaxial techniques. N implantation was successful in producing AlyGa1âyNâAsâËâalloys. Notably, the band gap of these alloys remains direct, even above the value of y (y>0.44) where the band gap of the host material is indirect.This work was supported by the ââPhotovoltaic Materials
Focus Areaââ in the DOE Center of Excellence for the Synthesis
and Processing of Advanced Materials, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials
Sciences under U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-ACO3-76SF00098. The work at UCSD was partially supported
by Midwest Research Institute under subcontractor
No. AAD-9-18668-7 from NREL
Optimized Verlet-like algorithms for molecular dynamics simulations
New explicit velocity- and position-Verlet-like algorithms of the second
order are proposed to integrate the equations of motion in many-body systems.
The algorithms are derived on the basis of an extended decomposition scheme at
the presence of a free parameter. The nonzero value for this parameter is
obtained by reducing the influence of truncated terms to a minimum. As a
result, the new algorithms appear to be more efficient than the original Verlet
versions which correspond to a particular case when the introduced parameter is
equal to zero. Like the original versions, the proposed counterparts are
symplectic and time reversible, but lead to an improved accuracy in the
generated solutions at the same overall computational costs. The advantages of
the new algorithms are demonstrated in molecular dynamics simulations of a
Lennard-Jones fluid.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.
Intrathoracic prosthesis in children in preventing post-pneumonectomy syndrome: Its role in congenital single lung and post-pneumonectomy situations
Background:
Postpneumopnectomy syndrome (PPS) is an extreme rotation and malposition of mediastinum causing dynamic and symptomatic central airway compression, arising after pneumonectomy or more uncommonly, in congenital single-lung physiology. Affected patients present with severe respiratory compromise. Intrathoracic prosthesis placement is an evolving technique in children that mitigate the effects of thoracic dead space. /
Research Question:
Assessment of clinical recovery and functional benefit in children undergoing placement of intrathoracic prosthesis following pneumonectomy or in congenital single lung situations. /
Study Design and Methods:
Retrospective chart review of patients at Great Ormond Street Hospital from 2010 and 2020 was performed of all patients who underwent intrathoracic tissue expander placement. We summarize the outcomes of twenty-four children, including those with both congenital and postpneumonectomy PPS etiology. /
Results:
24 children who underwent placement of intrathoracic prosthesis for PPS in the study period with median age of 3.5 months and weight of 5 kg. Single lung etiology was congenital in 15 children (6 agenesis, 9 hypoplasia), and postpneumonectomy in 9 children. In seven patients, there was associated long segment tracheal stenosis. Pre-operative ECMO was required in 2 patients, and pre-operative ventilation was required in 12 patients â all of whom had congenital single lung. Intrathoracic prosthesis placement was concurrent with intracardiac repair in 5 patients. There were no operative deaths, but one early postoperative death related to septicaemia. Median follow up was 75 months with 10 patients on continued respiratory support and 3 on nocturnal support with good quality of life. Two children needed reoperations for replacement of prosthesis. /
Conclusion:
The use of tissue expanders is within the armamentarium of most plastic surgeonsâ practice. We also therefore advocate for a collaborative team approach involving Plastic and Cardiothoracic Surgery for surgical treatment of these patients. This multidisciplinary strategy has improved management of this rare and debilitating condition of PPS, thereby offering significant improvements in general progress of these sick children having single lung physiology. Evidence is still lacking on functional outcomes in these children and further work is necessary to prove that this is indeed achievable
Recommended from our members
Knockdown of Ant2 Reduces Adipocyte Hypoxia And Improves Insulin Resistance in Obesity.
Decreased adipose tissue oxygen tension and increased HIF-1α expression can trigger adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction in obesity. Our current understanding of obesity-associated decreased adipose tissue oxygen tension is mainly focused on changes in oxygen supply and angiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that increased adipocyte O2 demand, mediated by ANT2 activity, is the dominant cause of adipocyte hypoxia. Deletion of adipocyte Ant2 improves obesity-induced intracellular adipocyte hypoxia by decreasing obesity-induced adipocyte oxygen demand, without effects on mitochondrial number or mass, or oligomycin-sensitive respiration. This led to decreased adipose tissue HIF-1α expression and inflammation with improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in both a preventative or therapeutic setting. Our results suggest that ANT2 may be a target for the development of insulin sensitizing drugs and that ANT2 inhibition might have clinical utility
- âŠ