VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION OF DESLORATADINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL AND HUMAN URINE SAMPLES USING GLASSY CARBON ELECTRODE

Objective: The electrochemical behaviour of Desloratadine (DLTD) in pharmaceutical and human urine samples at glassy carbon electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Methods: A well defined reduction peak was observed at potential -1.55V in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) in basic medium. The reduction process was observed to be irreversible over the pH range from pH 2.0 to pH 10.0. The influence of different parameters such as the effect of pH, scan rate and concentration of the drug was studied. The probable reaction mechanism involved in the reduction of DLTD was also proposed. A SWV method with good recovery and accuracy was obtained for the determination of DLTD in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples. Results: The peak currents were found to be linearly dependent on the concentration range of 2.55x10-5to 1.5x10-3M of DLTD. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 2.75x 10-9M, 3.20x 10-7 M respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method was successfully applied for determination of DLTD in pharmaceutical and human urine samples

Detection of collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 3 in colorectal cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Collagen Triple Helix Repeat Containing-1 (CTHRC1) and Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 3 (NFE2L3) may be useful biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) since they have shown an increase messenger RNA transcripts (mRNA) expression level in adenomas and colorectal tumours when compared to normal tissues.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To evaluate CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 as cancer biomarkers, it was generated and characterised several novel specific polyclonal antibodies (PAb), monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and soluble Fab fragments (sFabs) against recombinant CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 proteins, which were obtained from different sources, including a human antibody library and immunised animals. The antibodies and Fab fragments were tested for recognition of native CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 proteins by immunoblotting analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in colorectal cell lines derived from tumour and cancer tissues.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Both, antibodies and a Fab fragment showed high specificity since they recognised only their corresponding recombinant antigens, but not a panel of different unrelated- and related proteins.</p> <p>In Western blot analysis of CTHRC1, a monoclonal antibody designated CH21D7 was able to detect a band of the apparent molecular weight of a full-length CTHRC1 in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29. This result was confirmed by a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with the monoclonal antibodies CH21D7 and CH24G2, detecting CTHRC1 in HT29 and in the colon adenocarcinoma cell line SW620.</p> <p>Similar experiments were performed with PAb, MAbs, and sFab against NFE2L3. The immunoblot analysis showed that the monoclonal antibody 41HF8 recognised NFE2L3 in HT29, and leukocytes. These results were verified by DAS-ELISA assay using the pairs PAb/sFab E5 and MAb 41HF8/sFab E5.</p> <p>Furthermore, an immunoassay for simultaneous detection of the two cancer biomarkers was developed using a Dissociation-Enhanced Lanthanide Fluorescent Immunoassay technology (DELFIA).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In conclusion, the antibodies obtained in this study are specific for CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 since they do not cross-react with unrelated- and related proteins and are useful for specific measurement of native CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 proteins. The antibodies and immunoassays may be useful for the analysis of CTHRC1 and NFE2L3 in clinical samples and for screening of therapeutic compounds in CRC.</p

Fresh and Diverse Social Signals: Any Impacts on Search?

International audienceIn this paper, we extensively study the impact of social signals (users’ actions) obtained from several social networks on search ranking task. Social signals associated with web resources (documents) can be considered as an additional information that can play a vital role to estimate a priori importance of these resources.Particularly, we are interested in the freshness of signals and their diversity. We hypothesize that the moment (the date) when the user actions occur and the diversity of actions may impact the search performance. We propose to model these heterogeneous social features as document prior. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach by carrying out extensive experiments on two different INEX datasets, namely SBS and IMDb, enriched with several social signals collected from social networks. Our experimental results consistently demonstrate the interest of integrating fresh and diverse signals in the retrieval process

Assessment of reproductive stage drought tolerance using stress indices in improved restorer lines of KMR-3R in rice

Drought stress during the reproductive stage is an evident limitation of rice grain yield. The present study aimed to assess the reproductive stage drought tolerance of eight promising backcross inbred lines (BILs) with complete fertility restoration in the genetic background of KMR-3R. Various stress indices based on grain yield under Non-stress (NS) and drought-stress (DS) conditions were used to assess BILs drought tolerance potential. Based on correlation analysis, the best indices for determining drought-tolerant genotypes were K2STI, YI, HM, SNPI, GMP, and DTI. By ensuring stable performance, the indices K2STI and YI were crucial criteria in identifying DS genotypes. The stress-tolerant and susceptible genotypes were best differentiated under DS using the susceptible indices TOL and ATI, which had considerably low values. The IL-1, IL-2, and IL-7 (RP6340-NRR-5, RP6340-NRR-11, and RP 6340-NPVR-25) were identified as promising drought-tolerant genotypes based on lower grain yield reduction under DS. The improved restorers with drought tolerance performed well under DS in terms of agronomy, and it may be exploited in hybridization programs to develop elite drought-tolerant rice hybrids for unfavorable ecologies

Postprandial lysophospholipid suppresses hepatic fatty acid oxidation: the molecular link between group 1B phospholipase A2 and diet-induced obesity

Decrease in fat catabolic rate on consuming a high-fat diet contributes to diet-induced obesity. This study used group 1B phospholipase A2 (Pla2g1b)-deficient mice, which are resistant to hyperglycemia, to test the hypothesis that Pla2g1b and its lipolytic product lysophospholipid suppress hepatic fat utilization and energy metabolism in promoting diet-induced obesity. The metabolic consequences of hypercaloric diet, including body weight gain, energy expenditure, and fatty acid oxidation, were compared between Pla2g1b+/+ and Pla2g1b−/− mice. The Pla2g1b−/− mice displayed normal energy balance when fed chow, but were resistant to obesity when challenged with a hypercaloric diet. Obesity resistance in Pla2g1b−/− mice is due to their ability to maintain elevated energy expenditure and core body temperature when subjected to hypercaloric diet, which was not observed in Pla2g1b+/+ mice. The Pla2g1b−/− mice also displayed increased postprandial hepatic fat utilization due to increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, PPAR-δ, PPAR-γ, cd36/Fat, and Ucp2, which coincided with reduced postprandial plasma lysophospholipid levels. Lysophospholipids produced by Pla2g1b hydrolysis suppress hepatic fat utilization and down-regulate energy expenditure, thereby preventing metabolically beneficial adaptation to a high-fat diet exposure in promoting diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes.—Labonté, E. D., Pfluger, P. T., Cash, J. G., Kuhel, D. G., Rojas, J. C., Magness, D. P., Jandacek, R. J., Tschöp, M. H., Hui, D. Y. Postprandial lysophospholipid suppresses hepatic fatty acid oxidation: the molecular link between group 1B phospholipase A2 and diet-induced obesity