RESOURCE CONSERVATION AS A BASIS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

Abstract: based on the analysis of the works of Russian and foreign economists, legal scholars, andrepresentatives of various natural sciences, the article examines the environmental and legal aspects of resource conservation as the basis for rational environmental management in the Russian Federation. In the Russian environmental and legal reality, resource conservation is given an independent place in the regulation of environmental management. The field of legal support for resource conservation includes not only the economical use of natural resources, but also energy conservation. We analyzed the international documents, in which the Russian Federation is involved, within the area of our study. We showed the expansion of international cooperation in the application of the latest resource conservation and energy conservation technologies in the interests of the entire world community. Wr revealed that the legal regulation of resource conservation in the Russian environmental legislation is poorly developed. We made a conclusion about the feasibility of introducing the legal principles of resource conservation in the legislation on environmental management. The support of complex investment projects involving the mechanisms of public, municipal and private partnership in the resource conservation orbit is significant. Unlike resource conservation in general, energy conservation is characterized by an extensive regulatory framework. The set of legal norms on energyconservation is a comprehensive legal formation. Many bylaws and departmental documents have been adopted in the field of energy conservation. Positive experience on domestic legal regulation of energy conservation should be extended to similar public relations on resource conservation.Keywords: environmental management, resource conservation, energy conservation, resource conservation echnologies, environmental legislation, legal regulatio

Steady, barotropic wind and boundary-driven circulation on a polar plane

Steady, linear, barotropic wind and boundary forced circulation solutions in the presence of linear bottom friction are analytically derived in a circular basin of uniform depth on a polar tangent plane in which only first order effects of the Earth’s curvature are retained. Approximate solutions are constructed by using the well known method of aggregating the interior inviscid Sverdrup balance solution and the frictional wall boundary layer solution. In contrast to the width of mid-latitude frictional western boundary layers that scale as , the width of the polar frictional boundary layer adjacent to the basin wall is wider, scaling as , where is the bottom friction coefficient, is the coriolis parameter. Solutions are presented for a variety of wind stress curl distributions and for a prescribed inflow/outflow representative of the exchange of water masses between the Arctic and Atlantic basins. Boundary forced solutions are also derived in a basin with a uniform width step shelf. For this basin geometry the flow is mainly confined to the shelf, although a parameter regime is identified that supports significant flow in the deep basin

Oil and gas presence perspectives of weathering layer reservoir of Nurol'ka mega-basin according to data of geothermics

Oil perspective areas of the Nurol'ka mega-basin (south-east of Western Siberia) through the M formation (Permian-Triassic weathering crust) on the basis of the results application of geothermometry were identified. Accumulating power distribution and quality of the M formation collectors were taken into account. The priority area for research are weathering layer reservoirs and its development that cover the South beads of Kulan-Igayskaya and Tamradskaya basins and its insulation joint were proposed. Glukhov's oil field that is located in this area approve its high prospectivity

Weeds and weed flora as the basis for phytosanitary zoning (a review)

The concept of “the weed flora” is still associated with weedy plants within agricultural phytocenoses, despite the fact that its association with a wider range of secondary habitat types with disturbed vegetation and soil cover was discussed as early as in the first half of the last century. The study of this characteristic feature of weeds has been continued at the present time, which is reflected in the very concept of “the weed” adopted by the state standards. The structure of the weed flora includes groups of weedy plant species within both naturally and anthropogenically disturbed habitats, so such notions as “the segetal flora” or “synanthropic flora” do not fully reflect the composition of the weed flora. The formation of the weed flora was historically linked with the emergence and development of cultivated plants. A regional weed flora is composed of weed plant species, for which this or that region is suitable in terms of growing conditions. In the context of agriculture and plant protection, the elementary weed flora is the flora of an agricultural landscape or an agricultural ecosystem, as its component. Phytosanitary zoning for a set of weed species confined to a specific territory is carried out at the macro-, meso-, and microlevels. The criterion for identifying the levels of phytosanitary zoning is the weed flora of different territorial levels

A fuzzy set approach for reliability calculation of valve controlling electric actuators

The oil and gas equipment and electric actuators in particular frequently perform in various operational modes and under dynamic environmental conditions. These factors affect equipment reliability measures in a vague, uncertain way. To eliminate the ambiguity, reliability model parameters could be defined as fuzzy numbers. We suggest a technique that allows constructing fundamental fuzzy-valued performance reliability measures based on an analysis of electric actuators failure data in accordance with the amount of work, completed before the failure, instead of failure time. Also, this paper provides a computation example of fuzzy-valued reliability and hazard rate functions, assuming Kumaraswamy complementary Weibull geometric distribution as a lifetime (reliability) model for electric actuators

The Concept of Ecosystem Services in Ensuring Environmental Management: Economic and Legal Aspects

The paper examines the economic and legal aspects of the concept of ecosystem services in ensuring rational nature management in the Russian Federation based on the analysis of the works of Russian and foreign economists, legal scientists, and biologists. There have been identified the main economic problems of the ecosystem services concept, which do not allow the development of proper legal support in the area under investigation. Such problems include: underestimation of the economic value of ecosystem services, lack of price for most ecosystem services, lack of a market for ecosystem services.A weak regulatory and legal study of the ecosystem services concept in Russian national legislation, including economic and legal mechanisms for compensating ecosystem services, is shown. The term "ecosystem services" is used only in certain Russian political and legal documents of an environmental orientation. Its content is not disclosed, it is only stated the need to preserve ecosystem services and create their market. It was proposed to consolidate the main directions of Russian state policy in the sphere of ecosystem services at the level of political and legal documents.The ecosystem services concept in ensuring rational nature management contributes to the isolation of social relations for the most effective use of the natural environment. Various characteristics of ecosystem services for renewable and non-renewable natural resources that affect the rationality of nature use are shown

Evaluation of social network user sentiments based on fuzzy sets

The article introduces social network user sentiment evaluation with proposed technique based on fuzzy sets. The advantage of proposed technique consists in ability to take into account user's influence as well as the fact that a user could be an author of several messages. Results presented in this paper can be used in mechanical engineering to analyze reviews on products as well as in robotics for developing user communication interface. The paper contains experimental data and shows the steps of sentiment value calculation of resulting messages on a certain topic. Application of proposed technique is demonstrated on experimental data from Twitter social network

Comprehensive evaluation of combined pharmacotherapy of cardiac pathology considering exogenous and pharmacogenetic factors

The study assessed changes in hemodynamic and biochemical parameters, vascular age and 5-year cardiovascular risk on the background of complex pharmacotherapy in patients with stable angina I-III functional class (FC), hypertension of I-III degree, chronic heart failure (CHF) II-III FC taking into account the influence of exogenous and pharmacogenetic factor

A comparative investigation of the protective effects of natural oils vs. silicones on African and Caucasian hair types

Hair is constantly exposed to physical stress due to washing and combing, as well as heat styling, to achieve desired appearance set by trends and personal preferences. As a consequence of these activities, hair develops undesirable sensory attributes. On the cellular level, the cuticle becomes lifted, fractured and gradually completely degrades, leaving cortex cells exposed and weakened mechanically. As a result, protecting the hair with cosmetic treatments is quite important for maintaining a healthy appearance. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects of two natural oils compared to two silicones on virgin Caucasian and African hair. For this, consumer behaviours in regarding to grooming habits had to be explored and materials with protective effects had to be determined. Protocols for testing were developed and performed and results were statistically analysed