20 research outputs found
Business gift giving etiquette
Try sending gifts at times other than major holidays. These occasions could include a promotion, a new baby, a birthday, a new business referral.
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STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF EDUCATION SPECIALISTS
The article presents the study of the psychological well-being of education specialists, their professional motivation, levels of professional satisfaction and burnout. The study involved 140 people (scientific, teaching, administrative and support staff of universities). A number of reliable correlations between the studied parameters have been established. The universal components of professional motivation are singled out. The conclusion is made about the mutual dependence of subjective well-being and professional burnout.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ 140 ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊ (Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π» Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²). Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° β 21-78-00116, https://rscf.ru/project/21-78-00116/ Π² ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅
ΠΠ± ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ
The paper considers a method for calculation and evaluation of an automated brake proportioning system and it also describes assessment of efficiency while using cohesion forces of an automated system during vehicle braking process (MAZ 256200 taken as an example). A method for efficiency estimation of the vehicle braking equipped with an automated brake proportioning system is graphically presented in the paper. A comparable analysis has been made in order to evaluate vehicle braking efficiency in three various conditions of its wheel motion during braking process. The paper contains description of braking processes for a vehicle at its idealized braking, at braking with an operating automated system and at braking with blocked wheels. Mathematical dependences have been proposed and they make it possible to calculate a coefficient of cohesion forces used by an automated brake proportioning system on the basis of time parameters for vehicle braking process. The proposed mathematical dependences take into account design peculiarities of the automated system, i.e. a diagram of modulator arrangement on axes of the vehicle. The executed analysis for calculation accuracy of the coefficient pertaining to use of cohesion forces of the automated system with and without taking into accout rolling force resistance of the vehicle wheels has demonstrated a possibility to apply the proposed calculation methods for carrying out auto-technical expertise while investigating road-traffic accidents involving transport facilities equipped with such systems as ABS. The paper proposes a dependence for identification of a vehicle braking distance on the basis of the coefficient on use of cohesion forces by the automated brake proportioning system. The executed experimental investigations on both test and serial models of the automated brake proportioning system have allowed to justify theoretical discussions concerning application of tyre-road adhesion in the operational process of the vehicle brake proportioning system. The investigation results have shown high efficiency of the test automated brake proportioning system developed by Chair of Automobiles in the name of A. B. Hredescul at Kharkiv National Automobile and Road University under the following braking conditions: dry road surface and compacted snow cover.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ° ΠΠΠ 256200). ΠΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ Π·Π°Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Ρ. Π΅. ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ABS. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π. Π. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π° Π₯Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ
Π ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ
The paper proposes a method for determining a vehicle stopping distance based on a braking rate and a coefficient of using an adhesion force by an automated control system for regulating a braking force on the example of a multi-axle vehicle. The aim of the study is to calculate parameters of the braking efficiency of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle equipped with an automated braking force control system based on the adhesion between a tire and a supporting surface. A peculiarity of the considered method is the use of the calculated braking coefficient of the vehicle and the coefficient of use of adhesion forces during the operation of automated system for regulating the braking force. The presence of new mathematical relationships between the position of the coordinate of the vehicleβs gravity center, realized by the clutches of its wheels, and the braking coefficient of the vehicle makes it possible to simulate the change in the deceleration of a wheeled vehicle in various braking modes of its motion. The terms describing the interaction of an elastic tire with a supporting surface in the braking mode of a wheeled vehicle have been substantiated. Equations are written that permit to calculate: a position of the coordinate of gravity center of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle relative to its front and rear axles; a braking coefficient value of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle based on the coordinates of the position of its gravity center, clutches that are realized between its tires and a supporting surface; load distribution between the respective front and rear axles of the vehicle. To calculate the stopping distance of a wheeled vehicle, it is proposed to take a coefficient value of use of the adhesion force equal to 0.83, regardless of the change in weather and climatic conditions in which the vehicle is operated (a calculation error under an accepted assumption is not more than 5 %). In a graphical form, a design diagram of the coordinate position of a gravity center of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle is presented, which gives a general idea about the redistribution of masses between front and rear axles of the vehicle. Scientific publications on the change in the value of the realized adhesion between the tire and the supporting surface in the braking mode of the automobile wheel under various factors have been analyzed in the paper. The proposed concept for determining parameters of the braking efficiency of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle clarifies some provisions in the theory of vehicle motion, in particular, it allows to apply the calculated method for determining the deceleration of a vehicle in the problem of increasing vertical loads on the axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle in the braking mode. The given method for calculating coefficients of weight distribution between adjacent front or rear axles of a multi-axle wheeled vehicle increases an accuracy of determining the amount of deceleration of the vehicle by the calculation method.ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²; Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ; ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ 0,83 Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ (ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 5Β %). Π Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ Π² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ
Using private desktop grid system for accelerating drug discovery
Drug design is a challenging and computationally intensive task. Chemists are often faced with handling huge amounts of data as well as with working with huge amounts of computational resources. This paper shows that using the BOINC system as a private, dedicated desktopgrid a community, like the EU CancerGrid chemist community, can easily set up its own high-end infrastructure based on available and inexpensive desktop computers. The CancerGrid Computing System described in the paper can easily be adapted for the needs of other user communities having similar infrastructure requirements
CALCULATION METHODS OF REALIZED COEFFICIENT OF COHESION AT WHEEL ROLLING IN BRAKING MODE
The known methods of the realized rate of tyre coefficient of cohesion with the supporting surface at wheel rolling in the brake mode are analysed. The comparison of the obtained Ο β S planes with the experimental one for the purpose of determining the most suitable method of practical calculation cohesion is carried out. It is established that the maximum (Οmax) calculation coefficient of
cohesion essentially depends on the vertical load applied to the wheel, and a variant allowing to calculate this phenomenon at Ο β S planes calculation is offered
Π§ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΄Ρ: Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ, Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ° Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΡΠ²
IntroductionInfertility in men is the important problem, and not only medical, this is the most serious social problems in developed countries. It concerns both the individual and the family, and society in general. Actuality of this problem increases with age. Over the last 20 years the number infertile men rose from 30% to 50%. Male infertility gets 25-50% of all causes of infertility, the share of is. The situation is caused by multi-dimensionality of factors inherent in the present. The most significant are: socio-economic, environmental, lifestyle, marriage and family relations. And although the level of development of modern medicine is very high, often the cause of infertility in men can not be determined.Research objectiveTo analyze the main issues of pathogenesis and diagnosis of male infertility.Materials and methodsThe next methods were used: the semantic evaluation of scientific documents, comparison, system and structural-logical analysis.Spermatogenesis is a complex process. It is estimated that out of testicular tank sperm contains about 440 million of cells. Male infertility can becaused by the inability of the sperm penetration in mature female egg. Secretory infertility is usually caused by two main reasons. The first- testicles pathology due to congenital or acquired factors. A special place in the development of secretory infertility has endocrine pathology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system (congenital and acquired hypogonadism, testosterone-deficient state) and diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of infertility in men is based on medical history, clinical, laboratory and special methods of examination.ConclusionsInfertility in men is important problem, and not only medical, this is the most serious social problems in developed countries, which relate both to the individual and the family, and society in general.Spermatogenesis is a complex process, in which primitive germ cells, or spermatogonia, share, reproducing like stem cells, or gives rise to daughter cells, further differentiate into the spermatocyte. A further division of spermatocyte gives rise to cell lines eventually differentiates into Spermatid and later in the sperm.Diagnosis of male infertility can be suspected in the case of absence of the child's conception in the pair during 12 months of regular sexual life without use of all types of contraception.Clinical examination of patients includes: history, physical examination, ejaculate study, determination of the level of hormones in blood serum, ultrasound of the scrotum, prostate gland, seminal vesicles.Β ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ β Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½. Π‘ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ: ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ΅Π² ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΡΡΠΌ; ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Β ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅.ΠΠ΅Π·ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΄Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΡΠ² β Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½Π°, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ
. ΠΠ΅Π·Π²Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΡΠ². Π ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·Ρ Ρ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΄Ρ Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΈΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΄Ρ Π½Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏ: ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅, ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΄ΡΠ², ΠΉ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΌΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠΌβΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡ
Π°ΠΌΠΈ; ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΄Π½Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π΄Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ, Π·Π΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ· Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π°Π»Π΅ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄ΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ.
Male infertility: actual questions of physiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of disorders of the reproductive system in male
Introduction
Infertility in men is the important problem, and not only medical, this is the most serious social problems in developed countries. It concerns both the individual and the family, and society in general. Actuality of this problem increases with age. Over the last 20 years the number infertile men rose from 30% to 50%. Male infertility gets 25-50% of all causes of infertility, the share of is. The situation is caused by multi-dimensionality of factors inherent in the present. The most significant are: socio-economic, environmental, lifestyle, marriage and family relations. And although the level of development of modern medicine is very high, often the cause of infertility in men can not be determined.
Research objective
To analyze the main issues of pathogenesis and diagnosis of male infertility.
Materials and methods
The next methods were used: the semantic evaluation of scientific documents, comparison, system and structural-logical analysis.
Spermatogenesis is a complex process. It is estimated that out of testicular tank sperm contains about 440 million of cells. Male infertility can becaused by the inability of the sperm penetration in mature female egg. Secretory infertility is usually caused by two main reasons. The first- testicles pathology due to congenital or acquired factors. A special place in the development of secretory infertility has endocrine pathology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system (congenital and acquired hypogonadism, testosterone-deficient state) and diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of infertility in men is based on medical history, clinical, laboratory and special methods of examination.
Conclusions
Infertility in men is important problem, and not only medical, this is the most serious social problems in developed countries, which relate both to the individual and the family, and society in general.
Spermatogenesis is a complex process, in which primitive germ cells, or spermatogonia, share, reproducing like stem cells, or gives rise to daughter cells, further differentiate into the spermatocyte. A further division of spermatocyte gives rise to cell lines eventually differentiates into Spermatid and later in the sperm.
Diagnosis of male infertility can be suspected in the case of absence of the child's conception in the pair during 12 months of regular sexual life without use of all types of contraception.
Clinical examination of patients includes: history, physical examination, ejaculate study, determination of the level of hormones in blood serum, ultrasound of the scrotum, prostate gland, seminal vesicles
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