469 research outputs found
Succinct quantum testers for closeness and -wise uniformity of probability distributions
We explore potential quantum speedups for the fundamental problem of testing
the properties of closeness and -wise uniformity of probability
distributions.
\textit{Closeness testing} is the problem of distinguishing whether two
-dimensional distributions are identical or at least -far in
- or -distance. We show that the quantum query complexities for
- and -closeness testing are O\rbra{\sqrt{n}/\varepsilon} and
O\rbra{1/\varepsilon}, respectively, both of which achieve optimal dependence
on , improving the prior best results of
\hyperlink{cite.gilyen2019distributional}{Gily{\'e}n and Li~(2019)}.
\textit{-wise uniformity testing} is the problem of distinguishing whether
a distribution over \cbra{0, 1}^n is uniform when restricted to any
coordinates or -far from any such distributions. We propose the
first quantum algorithm for this problem with query complexity
O\rbra{\sqrt{n^k}/\varepsilon}, achieving a quadratic speedup over the
state-of-the-art classical algorithm with sample complexity
O\rbra{n^k/\varepsilon^2} by \hyperlink{cite.o2018closeness}{O'Donnell and
Zhao (2018)}. Moreover, when our quantum algorithm outperforms any
classical one because of the classical lower bound
\Omega\rbra{n/\varepsilon^2}.
All our quantum algorithms are fairly simple and time-efficient, using only
basic quantum subroutines such as amplitude estimation.Comment: We have added the proof of lower bounds and have polished the
languag
Speaker verification using attentive multi-scale convolutional recurrent network
In this paper, we propose a speaker verification method by an Attentive
Multi-scale Convolutional Recurrent Network (AMCRN). The proposed AMCRN can
acquire both local spatial information and global sequential information from
the input speech recordings. In the proposed method, logarithm Mel spectrum is
extracted from each speech recording and then fed to the proposed AMCRN for
learning speaker embedding. Afterwards, the learned speaker embedding is fed to
the back-end classifier (such as cosine similarity metric) for scoring in the
testing stage. The proposed method is compared with state-of-the-art methods
for speaker verification. Experimental data are three public datasets that are
selected from two large-scale speech corpora (VoxCeleb1 and VoxCeleb2).
Experimental results show that our method exceeds baseline methods in terms of
equal error rate and minimal detection cost function, and has advantages over
most of baseline methods in terms of computational complexity and memory
requirement. In addition, our method generalizes well across truncated speech
segments with different durations, and the speaker embedding learned by the
proposed AMCRN has stronger generalization ability across two back-end
classifiers.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in Applied
Soft Computin
Correlation Analysis of Agricultural Injuries and Quality of Life Among Rural Residents in Hainan Province
Objective To analyze the correlation between agricultural injuries and quality of life among rural residents in Hainan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for agricultural injury prevention in Hainan. Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling method, one city (county) was randomly selected in each of the five directions of Hainan: east, south, west, north and central. 1-2 towns (townships) were selected in each of the selected cities (counties), then 5-10 natural villages were selected in each town, and 20-30 households were randomly selected in each village (neighbourhood committee) to conduct a face-to-face survey of all permanent residents aged 15 or above in the selected households. Results In both the no agricultural injury group and the group with agricultural injury, there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the six dimensions of Physical Functioning, Role-Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Social Functioning and Role-Emotional and in the total score between the two groups, all with the no agricultural injury group scoring higher than the agricultural injury group. The incidence of agricultural injuries showed an overall decreasing trend as the quality of life score increased (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of agricultural injuries among rural residents in Hainan is related to the quality of life, and relevant measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of agricultural injuries and improve the quality of life of rural residents in Hainan
The Effect of Moderation on Online Mental Health Conversations
Many people struggling with mental health issues are unable to access
adequate care due to high costs and a shortage of mental health professionals,
leading to a global mental health crisis. Online mental health communities can
help mitigate this crisis by offering a scalable, easily accessible alternative
to in-person sessions with therapists or support groups. However, people
seeking emotional or psychological support online may be especially vulnerable
to the kinds of antisocial behavior that sometimes occur in online discussions.
Moderation can improve online discourse quality, but we lack an understanding
of its effects on online mental health conversations. In this work, we
leveraged a natural experiment, occurring across 200,000 messages from 7,000
conversations hosted on a mental health mobile application, to evaluate the
effects of moderation on online mental health discussions. We found that
participation in group mental health discussions led to improvements in
psychological perspective, and that these improvements were larger in moderated
conversations. The presence of a moderator increased user engagement,
encouraged users to discuss negative emotions more candidly, and dramatically
reduced bad behavior among chat participants. Moderation also encouraged
stronger linguistic coordination, which is indicative of trust building. In
addition, moderators who remained active in conversations were especially
successful in keeping conversations on topic. Our findings suggest that
moderation can serve as a valuable tool to improve the efficacy and safety of
online mental health conversations. Based on these findings, we discuss
implications and trade-offs involved in designing effective online spaces for
mental health support.Comment: Accepted as a full paper at ICWSM 2021. 13 pages, 12 figures, 3
table
DNA methylation and regulatory elements during chicken germline stem cell differentiation
Funding for Open Access provided by the UMD Libraries' Open Access Publishing Fund.The production of germ cells in vitro would open important new avenues for stem biology and human medicine, but the mechanisms of germ cell differentiation are not well understood. The chicken, as a great model for embryology and development, was used in this study to help us explore its regulatory mechanisms. In this study, we reported a comprehensive genome-wide DNA methylation landscape in chicken germ cells, and transcriptomic dynamics was also presented. By uncovering DNA methylation patterns on individual genes, some genes accurately modulated by DNA methylation were found to be associated with cancers and virus infection, e.g., AKT1 and CTNNB1. Chicken-unique markers were also discovered for identifying male germ cells. Importantly, integrated epigenetic mechanisms were explored during male germ cell differentiation, which provides deep insight into the epigenetic processes associated with male germ cell differentiation and possibly improves treatment options to male infertility in animals and humans
Research on Computer Aided Innovation Model of Weapon Equipment Requirement Demonstration
Abstract. Firstly, in order to overcome the shortcoming of using only AD or TRIZ solely,and solve the problems currently existed in weapon equipment requirement demonstration, the paper construct the method system of weapon equipment requirement demonstration combining QFD ,AD,TRIZ,FA . Then, we construct a CAI model frame of weapon equipment requirement demonstration, which include requirement decomposed model, requirement mapping model and requirement plan optimization model. Finally, we construct the computer aided innovation model of weapon equipment requirement demonstration, and developed CAI software of equipment requirement demonstration. Keywords: Computer aided innovation model, requirement, QFD, TRIZ, FA, AD Preface Weapon equipment requirement demonstration is the key link of weapon equipment development, the translating process from complicated military affairs requirement to material equipment capability parameter, the important gist to confirm weapon equipment develop project. Requirement traction and technology drive is the motivity and foundation of weapon equipment development. The main problem of weapon Equipment requirement demonstration is how to realize the quantitative mapping from operation task to equipment capability parameter, how to analyze and solve contradictive problems during the process of the demonstration and bring out technique innovation project. By applying advanced method and constructing computer-aided innovation model of equipment requirement demonstration, we can make weapon equipment requirement demonstration quantitative, structured and normative. That could enhance demonstration quality and efficiency of weapon equipment requirement demonstration
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