308 research outputs found
Querying Schemas With Access Restrictions
We study verification of systems whose transitions consist of accesses to a
Web-based data-source. An access is a lookup on a relation within a relational
database, fixing values for a set of positions in the relation. For example, a
transition can represent access to a Web form, where the user is restricted to
filling in values for a particular set of fields. We look at verifying
properties of a schema describing the possible accesses of such a system. We
present a language where one can describe the properties of an access path, and
also specify additional restrictions on accesses that are enforced by the
schema. Our main property language, AccLTL, is based on a first-order extension
of linear-time temporal logic, interpreting access paths as sequences of
relational structures. We also present a lower-level automaton model,
Aautomata, which AccLTL specifications can compile into. We show that AccLTL
and A-automata can express static analysis problems related to "querying with
limited access patterns" that have been studied in the database literature in
the past, such as whether an access is relevant to answering a query, and
whether two queries are equivalent in the accessible data they can return. We
prove decidability and complexity results for several restrictions and variants
of AccLTL, and explain which properties of paths can be expressed in each
restriction.Comment: VLDB201
Taming Existence in RDF Querying
We introduce the recursive, rule-based RDF query language
RDFLog. RDFLog extends previous RDF query languages by arbitrary
quantifier alternation: blank nodes may occur in the scope of all, some,
or none of the universal variables of a rule. In addition RDFLog is aware
of important RDF features such as the distinction between blank nodes,
literals and URIs or the RDFS vocabulary. The semantics of RDFLog is
closed (every answer is an RDF graph), but lifts RDFâs restrictions on
literal and blank node occurrences for intermediary data. We show how
to define a sound and complete operational semantics that can be implemented
using existing logic programming techniques. Using RDFLog
we classify previous approaches to RDF querying along their support for
blank node construction and show equivalence between languages with
full quantifier alternation and languages with only ââ rules
Imported malaria and its implication to achievement of malaria-free Bhutan
As Bhutan nears malaria elimination, imported malaria through cross-border human mobility has emerged as major source of transmission. This report highlights key epidemiological characteristics of imported infections and the need to strengthen targeted surveillance and response interventions by the national elimination program to achieve elimination and sustain it
Stand zur IT-Sicherheit deutscher Stromnetzbetreiber : technischer Bericht
Innerhalb des Forschungsprojektes âSichere Informationsnetze bei kleinen und mittleren
Energieversorgernâ (SIDATE) wurde eine Umfrage zum Stand der IT-Sicherheit bei deutschen
Stromnetzbetreibern durchgefĂŒhrt. Das Projekt selbst beschĂ€ftigt sich mit der Informations-
Sicherheit bei kleinen und mittleren Energieversorgern.
Zur DurchfĂŒhrung der Umfrage wurden alle 881 im August 2016 bei der Bundesnetzagentur
gelisteten Betreiber angeschrieben. In dem Umfragezeitraum vom 1. September 2016 bis
zum 15. Oktober 2016 antworten 61 (6.9%) der Betreiber. Der Fragebogen fokussiert die
Umsetzung der rechtlichen Anforderungen und die Implementierung eines
Informationssicherheitsmanagementsystems (ISMS). Weiterhin wurden Fragen zu dem
Leitsystem, Netzaufbau, Prozessen, organisatorischen Strukturen und der BĂŒro-IT gestellt
Entwicklung IT-basierter interorganisationaler Krisenmanagement-Infrastrukturen fĂŒr StromausfĂ€lle
GroĂe StromausfĂ€lle, wie beispielsweise der Ausfall der Stromversorgung im Nordosten der USA (2003) oder der Ausfall in weiten Teilen von West-Europa (2005), machen die fundamentale Bedeutung von Strom in unserem tĂ€glichen Leben deutlich. Sie zeigen auch, welche wichtige Rolle die Kooperation und Zusammenarbeit zwischen allen Beteiligten der BewĂ€ltigungs- und Wiederherstellungsarbeit spielt. Die Erfahrungen aus diesen AusfĂ€llen legen nahe, dass Stromnetzbetreiber, Feuerwehr, Polizei, Behörden und BĂŒrger einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Herausforderungen in der interorganisationalen Kommunikation und innerhalb von Informations- und Koordinierungsprozessen gegenĂŒberstehen. Ziel des Forschungsprojekts "InfoStrom", welches vom Bundesministerium fĂŒr Bildung und Forschung seit 2010 und bis Ende 2013 gefördert wird, ist die Entwicklung von Konzepten, um diese Zusammenarbeit zu unterstĂŒtzten und letztlich zu verbessern. In diesem Beitrag werden potentielle Fragen und zukĂŒnftige Themen und erzielte Ergebnisse dargestellt, die sich auf die benutzerzentrierte Technologieentwicklung im Krisenmanagement und auf domain-spezifische Probleme, wie die Verbesserung der Integration von BĂŒrgern in das Krisenmanagement, den Umgang mit Informationsunsicherheiten oder die UnterstĂŒtzung des interorganisationalen Lernens, beziehen
Field evaluation of a novel semi-quantitative point-of-care diagnostic for G6PD deficiency in Indonesia
Background: The WHO recommends routine testing of G6PD activity to guide radical cure in patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria. Females may have intermediate G6PD enzyme activity and to date, only complex diagnostics are able to reliably identify them. The semi-quantitative G6PD diagnostic âOne Step G6PD Testâ (Humasis, RoK; âRDTâ) is a lateral flow assay that can distinguish deficient, intermediate, and normal G6PD status and offers a simpler diagnostic alternative.
Methods:Â G6PD status of participants enrolled in Malinau and Nunukan Regencies and the capital Jakarta was assessed with the RDT, and G6PD activity was measured in duplicate by reference spectrophotometry. The adjusted male median (AMM) of the spectrophotometry measurements was defined as 100% activity; 70% and 30% of the AMM were defined as thresholds for intermediate and deficient G6PD status, respectively. Results were compared to those derived from spectrophotometry at the clinically relevant G6PD activity thresholds of 30% and 70%.
Results:Â Of the 161 participants enrolled, 10 (6.2%) were G6PD deficient and 12 (7.5%) had intermediate G6PD activity by spectrophotometry. At the 30% threshold, the sensitivity of the RDT was 10.0% (95%CI: 0.3â44.5%) with a specificity of 99.3% (95%CI: 96.4â100.0%); the positive predictive value was 50.0% (95%CI: 1.3â98.7%) and the negative predictive value 94.3% (95%CI: 89.5â97.4%). The corresponding figures at the 70% threshold were 22.7% (95%CI: 7.8â45.4%), 100.0% (95%CI: 97.4â100.0%), 100.0% (95%CI: 47.8â100.0%) and 89.1% (95%CI: 83.1â93.5%), respectively.
Conclusion:Â While there is a dire need for an easy-to-use, economical, semi-quantitative diagnostic for the point of care, the observed performance of the âOne Step G6PD Testâ in its current form was insufficient to guide antimalarial treatment
A review of the current status of G6PD deficiency testing to guide radical cure treatment for vivax malaria
Plasmodium vivax malaria continues to cause a significant burden of disease in the Asia-Pacific, the Horn of Africa, and the Americas. In addition to schizontocidal treatment, the 8-aminoquinoline drugs are crucial for the complete removal of the parasite from the human host (radical cure). While well tolerated in most recipients, 8-aminoquinolines can cause severe haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient patients. G6PD deficiency is one of the most common enzymopathies worldwide; therefore, the WHO recommends routine testing to guide 8-aminoquinoline based treatment for vivax malaria whenever possible. In practice, this is not yet implemented in most malaria endemic countries. This review provides an update of the characteristics of the most used G6PD diagnostics. We describe the current state of policy and implementation of routine point-of-care G6PD testing in malaria endemic countries and highlight key knowledge gaps that hinder broader implementation. Identified challenges include optimal training of health facility staff on point-of-care diagnostics, quality control of novel G6PD diagnostics, and culturally appropriate information and communication with affected communities around G6PD deficiency and implications for treatment
Sicherheitsarena - Ein Ansatz zur Verbesserung des Krisenmanagements durch Kooperation und Vernetzung
Die organisationĂŒbergreifende Vernetzung von Feuerwehr, Polizei, Hilfsorganisationen, dem THW, der öffentlichen Verwaltung und Infrastrukturbetreibern, wie beispielsweise Stromnetzbetreibern, ist vor allem bei groĂen Schadenslagen unabdingbar. Ziel des Forschungsprojekts âInfo-Stromâ (www.infostrom.org), welches vom Bundesministerium fĂŒr Bildung und Forschung seit 2010 und bis Ende 2013 gefördert wird (Fö.-Kz. 13N10712), ist die Entwicklung von Konzepten sowie Software, um diese Zusammenarbeit zu unterstĂŒtzten und letztlich zu verbessern. Die entstandene Software wird derzeit in zwei Kreisen in NRW, dem Kreis SiegenWittgenstein und dem Rhein Erft Kreis, getestet und evaluiert
- âŠ