2016-2017 Survey of Florida Cases Affecting Business Owners

The 2016–2017 Survey of Florida Cases Affecting Business Owners reviews Florida appellate court decisions involving state tax and other business law matters

Mach Cones and Hydrodynamic Flow: Probing Big Bang Matter in the Laboratory

A critical discussion of the present signals for the phase transition to quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is given. Since hadronic rescattering models predict much larger flow than observed from 1 to 50 A GeV laboratory bombarding energies, this observation is interpreted as potential evidence for a first-order phase transition at high baryon density. A detailed discussion of the collective flow as a barometer for the equation of state (EoS) of hot dense matter at RHIC follows. Here, hadronic rescattering models can explain < 30 % of the observed elliptic flow v_2 for $p_T > 2$ GeV/c. This is interpreted as an evidence for the production of superdense matter at RHIC. The connection of v_2 to jet suppression is examined. A study of Mach shocks generated by fast partonic jets propagating through the QGP is given. The main goal is to take into account different types of collective motion during the formation and evolution of this matter. A significant deformation of Mach shocks in central Au+Au collisions at RHIC and LHC energies as compared to the case of jet propagation in a static medium is predicted. A new hydrodynamical study of jet energy loss is presented.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, presented at the IWCF 2006, Nov. 21-24, Hangzhou, Chin

Seeing vs. Seeing That: Children's Understanding of Direct Perception and Inference Reports

Young children can reason about direct and indirect visual information, but fully mapping this understanding to linguistic forms encoding the two knowledge sources appears to come later in development. In English, perception verbs with small clause complements ('I saw something happen') report direct perception of an event, while perception verbs with sentential complements ('I saw that something happened') can report inferences about an event. In two experiments, we ask when 4-9-year-old English-speaking children have linked the conceptual distinction between direct perception and inference to different complements expressing this distinction. We find that, unlike older children or adults, 4-6-year-olds do not recognize that see with a sentential complement can report visually-based inference, even when syntactic and contextual cues make inference interpretations highly salient. These results suggest a prolonged developmental trajectory for learning how the syntax of perception verbs like see maps to their semantics

Systematic feature variation underlies adults’ and children’s use of in and on

The spatial prepositions in and on apply to a wide range ofcontainment and support relations, making exhaustivedefinitions difficult. Theories differ in whether they endorsegeometric or functional properties and how these properties arerelated to meaning and use. This study directly examines theroles of geometric and functional information in adults’ andchildren’s use of in and on by developing a large sample ofrelations situated within a small gradable geometric andfunctional feature space. We propose that variation in featuresacross items is systematically related to the use of in and onand demonstrate that feature-language relationships changeacross development: adults’ expression use is sensitive to bothgeometric and functional features, while children’s use variesonly according to geometric features