The trait-specific collection of large-seeded sunflower at VIR: ba source for breeding cultivars and hybrids

Background. In recent years, an increase has been observed in the share of sunflower seeds in the confectionery and food industries. There are 30 cultivars and only 3 hybrids for confectionery use among 839 zoned sunflower cultivars and hybrids listed in the State Register for Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage in 2023. Thus, the development of source material for breeding large-seeded cultivars and hybrids remains a relevant task.Materials and methods. The studied material included 90 accessions selected for their large seed size from VIR’s sunflower collection. The following characters were assessed: 1000 seed weight, days from sprouting to maturation, plant height, head diameter, cypsela color and size, and resistance to downy mildew. DNA markers were used to identify accessions with the Rf1 gene and CMS.Results. Accessions k-2818 (Primorsky Territory), k-3633, k-3748, k-3782 (China), and k-3578 (Ukraine) were the best in 1000 seed weight. Russian cvs. ‘Alekseyevsky Krupnoplodny 2’ (k-3552), ‘Gyar-Gyar’ (k-1589), ‘SPK’ (k-3426), and ‘Lakomka’ (k-3526) confirmed their large seed size. The sterile type of cytoplasm was identified in 12 accessions. Fourteen accessions with fertile cytoplasm had diagnostic markers of the nuclear Rf1 gene.Conclusion. The large-seeded cultivars developed at VNIIMK, ‘SPK’, ‘Lakomka’, and k-3782 from China were the best not only in their large seed size but also in downy mildew resistance. As a result of long-term studies, a trait-specific collection was established for the large seed size trait. It included 90 accessions that can be used in the development of confectionery cultivars. Large-seeded sunflower accessions carrying the Rf1 gene were identified. Some of them became the ancestors of donor lines for both pollen fertility restoration genes and large seed size

Role of student scientific society in forming professional motivation of students

The article presents the activities of the student scientific society of the department of propaedeutics of internal diseases. It is shown the contribution of student scientific society to the formation of professional motivation of students during 10 years, besides, some problems are identified, and it is shown the ways to improve the effectiveness of scientific activities for professional and personal growth of students.В статье представлена работа студенческого научного общества (СНО) кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней. На основании анализа деятельности СНО кафедры за 10 лет показан его вклад в формирование профессиональной мотивации студентов, выявлены проблемы и определены пути повышения эффективности работы СНО для профессионального и личностного роста студентов

Heart Rhythm of the Ocean Quahog Arctica Islandica

. We studied the cardiac activity of the ocean quahog (Arctica islandica) and identified the precise point on the mollusc's shell at which the heart rate can be successfully monitored remotely. The heartbeat pattern was markedly unstable. Moreover, irregular cardiac arrests were observed in every monitored mollusc. Keywords: Arctica islandica, cardiac activity, heart rat

Carvedilol therapy effects on structural and electric remodeling in chronic heart failure

Aim. To assess the effects of combination therapy with ACE inhibitors and carvedilol on cardiac remodeling, cardiac arrhythmias, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with mild to moderate chronic heart failure (CHF).Material and methods. The study included 109 patients with mild to moderate CHF, developed in arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, or their combination with diabetes mellitus and obesity. Initial carvedilol dose was 6,25-25 mg/d. At baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months later, physical examination, biochemical assay,  lectrocardiography,QoL and clinical outcome assessment were performed. Doppler echocardiography and 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring were performed at baseline and 6 months later.Results. CHF therapy, including the combination of ACE inhibitor and carvedilol, was associated with reduction in structural left ventricular (LV) remodeling, as well as with systolic and diastolic LV function normalization. According to 24-hour ECG monitoring data, the total number of supraventricular (including paired and grouped) and ventricular (including paired ectopic complexes) extrasystoles significantly decreased. Combination, carvedilol-including CHF therapy resulted in significant QoL and clinical prognosis improvement.Conclusion. In patients with mild to moderate CHF, carvedilol demonstrated its clinical effectiveness, including reduced structural and electric remodeling progression

Cruise report of R/V SONNE Cruise 102, Valparaiso - Valparaiso, 9.5. -28.6.95

The near coastal upwelling region off Chile and Peru is one of the most productive regions of the world ocean. In cooperation between the University of Bremen and institutes in Chile, Denmark and Sweden the carbon cycle in this, on a global scale, important area will be studied. The aim of this studies is the investigation of the present day cycling of carbon and the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental conditions, focusing on paleoproductivity, through the late Quaternary climatic cycles. Only very little is known so far about the southern part of the Peru/Chile current and about its youngest geological history. Because this is one of the most important high productivity regions of the world ocean, a detailed knowledge about the paleoproductivity is necessary to assess the role of this system throughout the late Quaternary climatic variations. A detailed study of the oceanographic and biologic conditions about the entire width of the Peru/Chile current in combination with surface sediment data will help to understand the present-day sedimentation processes with this region. In addition, this expedition provided the excellent opportunity to repeat the oceanographic measurements done during the SCORPIO cruise 28 years ago. By this repetition, variations in water mass structure and composition and changes as e.g. global warming can be detected. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RO 7630(68) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman