The radiation intensity of the Lyman alpha line at the ionization front in the quasi-steady plasma accelerator

Research of the radiation transport in the ionizing gas streams in the channel of the quasi-steady plasma accelerator is carried out. The quasi-one-dimensional model of the ionizing gas flow includes the MHD equations combined with the ionization and recombination kinetics equation within the framework of the modified diffusion approximation. Solution of the radiation transport equation is based on calculation of the plasma emissivity, the photon absorption coefficients, the line profile and use of the method of characteristics. Distribution of the radiation intensity for the Lyman alpha line is obtained, and also the integrated values of the density of the radiation energy and the radiation energy flux for all parts of the hydrogen spectrum along the accelerator channel are presented.Проведено исследование переноса излучения в потоках ионизующегося газа в канале квазистационарного плазменного ускорителя. Квазиодномерная модель течения ионизующегося газа основана на МГД- уравнениях с учетом кинетики ионизации и рекомбинации в рамках модифицированного диффузионного приближения. Моделирование переноса излучения основано на вычислении излучательной способности и коэффициента поглощения фотонов, определении профиля и использовании метода характеристик. Получено распределение интенсивности излучения центра альфа-линии Лаймана, а также распределения плотности энергии и плотности потока энергии излучения для всего спектра вдоль канала ускорителя.Проведено дослідження перенесення випромінювання в потоках газу, що іонізується, в каналі квазістаціонарного плазмового прискорювача. Квазіодновимірна модель течій гaзу, що іонізується, заснована на МГД-рівненнях з урахуванням кінетики іонізації і рекомбінації в рамках модифікованого дифузійного наближення. Моделювання перенесення випромінювання засноване на обчисленні випромінювальної здатності і коефіцієнтa поглинання фотонів, визначенні профілю і використанні методу характеристик. Отримано розподіл інтенсивності випромінювання центрa альфа-лінії Лаймана, а також розподіли густини енергії і густини потоку енергії випромінювання для всього спектрa уздовж каналу прискорювача

Randomness in Classical Mechanics and Quantum Mechanics

The Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics assumes the existence of the classical deterministic Newtonian world. We argue that in fact the Newton determinism in classical world does not hold and in classical mechanics there is fundamental and irreducible randomness. The classical Newtonian trajectory does not have a direct physical meaning since arbitrary real numbers are not observable. There are classical uncertainty relations, i.e. the uncertainty (errors of observation) in the determination of coordinate and momentum is always positive (non zero). A "functional" formulation of classical mechanics was suggested. The fundamental equation of the microscopic dynamics in the functional approach is not the Newton equation but the Liouville equation for the distribution function of the single particle. Solutions of the Liouville equation have the property of delocalization which accounts for irreversibility. The Newton equation in this approach appears as an approximate equation describing the dynamics of the average values of the position and momenta for not too long time intervals. Corrections to the Newton trajectories are computed. An interpretation of quantum mechanics is attempted in which both classical and quantum mechanics contain fundamental randomness. Instead of an ensemble of events one introduces an ensemble of observers.Comment: 12 pages, Late

Proof of the multi-Regge form of QCD amplitudes with gluon exchanges in the NLA

The multi--Regge form of QCD amplitudes with gluon exchanges is proved in the next-to-leading approximation. The proof is based on the bootstrap relations, which are required for the compatibility of this form with the s-channel unitarity. We show that the fulfillment of all these relations ensures the Reggeized form of energy dependent radiative corrections order by order in perturbation theory. Then we prove that all these relations are fulfilled if several bootstrap conditions on the Reggeon vertices and trajectory hold true. Now all these conditions are checked and proved to be satisfied.Comment: 15 page

Роль кальций-pH-зависимых механизмов в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Comparative investigation of dynamics of pH, concentration of calcium and inorganic phosphate in mixtured saliva during testing loads in patients with healthy periodontium, susceptible to caries and with combination of caries with inflammatory periodontal diseases was performed. Close dependency between dynamics of researched parameters was revealed during sugar and urea loads as well. Inorganic phosphate disgomeostasis, role in pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases was showed.Проведено сравнительное исследование динамики рН, концентрации кальция и неорганического фосфата в смешанной слюне при тестовых нагрузках у лиц со здоровым пародонтом, кариесвоспримчивых и с сочетанием кариеса и воспалительных заболеваний пародонта. Выявлена тесная взаимосвязь динамики изучаемых параметров как при сахарной, так и при карбамидной нагрузках. Показана роль дисгомеостаза неорганического фосфата в патогенезе воспалительных заболеваний пародонта

Regge Field Theory in zero transverse dimensions: loops versus "net" diagrams

Toy models of interacting Pomerons with triple and quaternary Pomeron vertices in zero transverse dimension are investigated. Numerical solutions for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the corresponding Hamiltonians are obtained, providing the quantum solution for the scattering amplitude in both models. The equations of motion for the Lagrangians of the theories are also considered and the classical solutions of the equations are found. Full two-point Green functions ("effective" Pomeron propagator) and amplitude of diffractive dissociation process are calculated in the framework of RFT-0 approach. The importance of the loops contribution in the amplitude at different values of the model parameters is discussed as well as the difference between the models with and without quaternary Pomeron vertex.Comment: 34 pages, 36 figure

Bouncing and Accelerating Solutions in Nonlocal Stringy Models

A general class of cosmological models driven by a non-local scalar field inspired by string field theories is studied. In particular cases the scalar field is a string dilaton or a string tachyon. A distinguished feature of these models is a crossing of the phantom divide. We reveal the nature of this phenomena showing that it is caused by an equivalence of the initial non-local model to a model with an infinite number of local fields some of which are ghosts. Deformations of the model that admit exact solutions are constructed. These deformations contain locking potentials that stabilize solutions. Bouncing and accelerating solutions are presented.Comment: Minor corrections, references added, published in JHE

Anisotropic conductivity of Nd_{1.85}Ce_{0.15}CuO_{4-\delta} films at submillimeter wavelengths

The anisotropic conductivity of thin Nd$_{1.85}$Ce$_{0.15}$CuO$_{4-\delta}$ films was measured in the frequency range 8 cm$^{-1}<\nu <$ 40 cm$^{-1}$ and for temperatures 4 K $<T<300$ K. A tilted sample geometry allowed to extract both, in-plane and c-axis properties. The in-plane quasiparticle scattering rate remains unchanged as the sample becomes superconducting. The temperature dependence of the in-plane conductivity is reasonably well described using the Born limit for a d-wave superconductor. Below T_{{\rm C}%} the c-axis dielectric constant $\epsilon_{1c}$ changes sign at the screened c-axis plasma frequency. The temperature dependence of the c-axis conductivity closely follows the linear in T behavior within the plane.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

The type numbers of closed geodesics

A short survey on the type numbers of closed geodesics, on applications of the Morse theory to proving the existence of closed geodesics and on the recent progress in applying variational methods to the periodic problem for Finsler and magnetic geodesicsComment: 29 pages, an appendix to the Russian translation of "The calculus of variations in the large" by M. Mors

Менингококковая поливакцина на основе очищенной IgAI протеазы

IgA1-protease allocated from the culture N. meningitidis serogroup A. As original materials were used three different intermediate products of vaccine production: cultural fluid, cetavlon supernatant and cetavlon precipitate. IgA1-protease was used to evaluate their protectivity and immunogenity. It was shown, that isolated IgA1 protease from the meningococcus serogroup A is able to protect mice, infected by meningococcus serogroup B.IgA1 протеаза, выделенная методами препаративной химии из промежуточных продуктов очистки менингококковой полисахаридной серогруппы А вакцины, обладает выраженной иммуногенной и протективной активностью для лабораторных мышей, обеспечивая их защиту от смертельного заражения вирулентными штаммами серогрупп А и В менингококков. Протективный эффект и нарастание анти-IgA1 антител позволяют прогнозировать вакцинные потенции изучаемого препарата, который может рассматриваться, в первую очередь, в качестве кандидата отсутствующей до настоящего времени менингококковой серогруппы В вакцины