METACERCARIA DE ASCOCOTYLE SP. (DIGENEA: HETEROPHYIDAE) EN TEJIDOS DE LISAS MUGIL LIZA Y MUGIL CUREMA (OSTEICHTHYES: MUGILIDAE) COLECTADAS EN PECES COMERCIALES DE LA CIUDAD DE IGUAPE, SAO PAULO, BRASIL

The world distribution of oriental culture and the common use of fish which is not cooked manifested problems related to parasites. There is a great incidence of Ascocotyle sp. parasites in mullet fishes, which are part of human culinary spread all over world. The aim of the present study is to estimate the presence of trematode Heterophyidae metacercariae among mullet fishes commercialized at Iguape city Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ascocotyle sp. metacercarie (Digenea: Heterophyidae) were observed and analyzed in viscera and muscles of 60 mullets Mugil liza and 60 mullets Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) purchased in the fish market of the Iguape city. The extraction of metacercariae of Ascocotyle sp. from viscera and muscles was performed by homogenization in homemade processor. All mullets samples were infected. M. liza and M. curema marketed in city constitute in a potential risk to the population, because of high prevalence of infection (100%) and large numbers of metacercarie in their tissues (up to 939 to M. liza and 92 to M. curema).La expansión de la cultura oriental y el aumento del consumo de pescados crudos presenta algunos problemas, tales como enfermedades causadas por parásitos. Hay una gran incidencia de Ascocotyle sp. en peces lisas, muy consumidos en diversas partes del mundo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la presencia de metacercarias de trematodos Heterophyidae en peces lisas comercializados en el municipio de Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brasil. Se observaron y analizaron metacercarias de Ascocotyle sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae) en vísceras y musculatura de 60 Mugil liza y 60 Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) adquiridas en el comercio de pescados del municipio de Iguape. La extracción de metacercarias de los tejidos de los peces se realizó por homogeneización un procesador casero. Todas las muestras de peces estuvieron infectadas. M. liza y M. curema comercializados en la ciudad son un riesgo potencial para la población ante la alta prevalencia de infección en los peces (100%) y el gran número de metacercarias en sus tejidos (hasta 939 en M. lizay 92 en M. curema)

COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO METHODS OF METACERCARIAE OF Ascocotyle sp (Trematoda: Digenea) EXTRACTION FROM TISSUES OF Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 (Teleostei: Mugilidae)

The demand and consumption of fish and their derivatives has increased considerably in recent years. However, fish are ideal hosts of numerous parasites, highlighting the need to develop new research methodologies for its detection. The aim of present study was to compare the efficacy of Ascocotyle metacercariae (Trematoda: Digenea) extraction from visceral tissues of Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 (Teleostei: Mugilidae) by two methods: homogenization by blender or mixer. Twenty-six samples of M. liza were collected, being 16 liver samples and 10 samples of muscle tissue. Approximately 5g of each sample were processed by blender and mixer techniques homogenization for metacercariae extraction. In liver samples, up to 46 metacercariae were found in samples homogenized in blender. The lowest amount found was 2 metacercariae for blender and mixer techniques. In samples of muscle tissue, 4 metacercariae were observed in the mixer extraction. The lowest amount was found to be 2 parasites to blender and mixer. The mean metacercariae found and extracted from muscle tissue were 0.2 (+0.357) and 1.2 (+0.963) for blender and mixer, respectively. The averages of metacercariae found and extracted from fish liver, in blender and mixer, were 24 (+15.145) and 18 (+8.246), respectively. The homogenization techniques for blender and mixer were effective for the extraction of metacercariae of mullet fish tissues, suggesting that they may be directly applicable in the field of study, especially due to the ease of testing. KEYWORDS: Epidemiology, health management, homogenization, Metacercariae, Mugil liza.  

Occurrence of Ascocotyle sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in grey mullets (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) commercialized in Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Orientador: Marlene Tiduko UetaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: globalização da cultura oriental e o aumento do consumo de pescado cru evidenciaram alguns problemas, entre eles doenças causadas por parasitas. Existe grande incidência de Ascocotyle sp. em peixes mugilídeos, muito utilizados na alimentação humana em diversas partes do mundo. O estudo teve como objetivos verificar a presença de metacercárias de trematódeos Heterophyidae em peixes mugilídeos comercializados no município de Iguape/SP; estabelecer a prevalência e densidade de metacercárias em peixes capturados em praia e rio; estabelecer correlação entre metacercárias e morfometria dos peixes; constatar o hábito alimentar da população do município de Iguape/SP em relação ao consumo do pescado e a eventual ocorrência de zoonose. Foram coletados 120 peixes, 60 tainhas Mugil liza e 60 paratis Mugil curema, sendo 30 de cada espécie capturados em praia e outros 30, em rio. Foram anotados os dados biométricos dos peixes e, após a necropsia, 5g de "pool de vísceras" e de musculatura de cada espécime foram fragmentados e homogeneizados para extração e contagem de metacercárias. M. liza mediram 45,6 ± 4,8 cm, com peso de 860,6 ± 228,4g, M. curema mediram 36,2 ± 2,4 cm, com 448,5 ± 127,8g de peso. As metacercárias, identificadas como Ascocotyle sp., estavam presentes em todos os exemplares de peixes. A prevalência de metacercárias não mostrou diferenças em relação ao sexo dos peixes. A densidade de metacercárias foi maior nas vísceras do que na musculatura para as duas espécies de peixes e maior em M. liza. Em M. curema a densidade de larvas nas vísceras foi significativamente maior em exemplares capturados em rios. Os testes de correlação de Pearson mostraram valores muito baixos entre prevalência e densidade de metacercárias e dados biométricos dos peixes. Residentes no município, pesquisados para levantamento do hábito alimentar, relataram consumir peixes, frequentemente tainhas, na maioria assados ou cozidos. Um total de 3,2% das pessoas pesquisadas relataram consumir peixe cruAbstract: The world spread of oriental culture and the common use of fish which is not cooked showed some problems related to them like diseases caused by parasites. There is a great incidence of Ascocotyle sp. parasites in mullets fishes, which are part of human culinary spread all over world. The aim of the present study is to estimate the presence of trematode Heterophyidae metacercariae among mullets fishes commercialized at Iguape city; to evaluate the prevalence and density of metacercariae among fishes from the sea and river; to stablish the inter-relation between the presence of metacercariae and the fishes morphometry; to ascertain food habits among people from Iguape city and relate food fish habits to zoonosis occurrence. 120 fishes were select, 60 Mugil liza and 60 Mugil curema, half of each species from the sea and the other half from the river. All fishes biometrical data have been score and, pos-mortem, 5g of visceral pool and muscular tissue from each sample have been fragmented and homogeneized in order to stablish the presence and amount of metacercariae. M. liza were 45,6 ± 4,8 cm length and 860,6 ± 228,4g weigth; M. curema were 36,2 ± 2,4 cm length and 448,5 ± 127,8g weigth. Metacercariae identified as Ascocotyle were present in all fishes. There were no differences for prevalence between fishes sex. The major concentration of metacercariae samples have been identified in visceral organs when compared to muscular tissue of both fish species and much greater at visceral organs from M. liza. Larval visceral concentration of M. curema was significantly high among river species. Pearson correlation tests did not show close association between metacercariae prevalence/density and biometrial fish data. People from Iguape city use to eat grilled or cooked mullet. Total of 3,2% of people consume raw fishMestradoParasitologiaMestre em Parasitologi

Ascocotyle sp. metacercariae (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in tissues of mullets Mugil liza and Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) collected in the fish trade of the Iguape city, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

The world distribution of oriental culture and the common use of fish which is not cooked manifested problems related to parasites. There is a great incidence of Ascocotyle sp. parasites in mullet fishes, which are part of human culinary spread all over world. The aim of the present study is to estimate the presence of trematode Heterophyidae metacercariae among mullet fishes commercialized at Iguape city Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ascocotyle sp. metacercarie (Digenea: Heterophyidae) were observed and analyzed in viscera and muscles of 60 mullets Mugil liza and 60 mullets Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) purchased in the fish market of the Iguape city. The extraction of metacercariae of Ascocotyle sp. from viscera and muscles was performed by homogenization in homemade processor. All mullets samples were infected. M. liza and M. curema marketed in city constitute in a potential risk to the population, because of high prevalence of infection (100%) and large numbers of metacercarie in their tissues (up to 939 to M. liza and 92 to M. curema).La expansión de la cultura oriental y el aumento del consumo de pescados crudos presenta algunos problemas, tales como enfermedades causadas por parásitos. Hay una gran incidencia de Ascocotyle sp. en peces lisas, muy consumidos en diversas partes del mundo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la presencia de metacercarias de trematodos Heterophyidae en peces lisas comercializados en el municipio de Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brasil. Se observaron y analizaron metacercarias de Ascocotyle sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae) en vísceras y musculatura de 60 Mugil liza y 60 Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) adquiridas en el comercio de pescados del municipio de Iguape. La extracción de metacercarias de los tejidos de los peces se realizó por homogeneización un procesador casero. Todas las muestras de peces estuvieron infectadas. M. liza y M. curema comercializados en la ciudad son un riesgo potencial para la población ante la alta prevalencia de infección en los peces (100%) y el gran número de metacercarias en sus tejidos (hasta 939 en M. lizay 92 en M. curema)

COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE OS MÉTODOS DE EXTRAÇÃO DE METACERCÁRIAS DE ASCOCOTYLE SP (TREMATODA: DIGENEA) DOS TECIDOS DE MUGIL LIZA VALENCIENNES, 1836 (TELEOSTEI: MUGILIDAE)

The demand and consumption of fish and their derivatives has increased considerably in recent years. However, fish are ideal hosts of numerous parasites, highlighting the need to develop new research methodologies for its detection. The aim of present study was to compare the efficacy of Ascocotyle metacercariae (Trematoda: Digenea) extraction from visceral tissues of Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 (Teleostei: Mugilidae) by two methods: homogenization by blender or mixer. Twentysix samples of M. liza were collected, being 16 liver samples and 10 samples of muscle tissue. Approximately 5g of each sample were processed by blender and mixer techniques homogenization for metacercariae extraction. In liver samples, up to 46 metacercariae were found in samples homogenized in blender. The lowest amount found was 2 metacercariae for blender and mixer techniques. In samples of muscle tissue, 4 metacercariae were observed in the mixer extraction. The lowest amount was found to be 2 parasites to blender and mixer. The mean metacercariae found and extracted from muscle tissue were 0.2 (+0.357) and 1.2 (+0.963) for blender and mixer, respectively. The averages of metacercariae found and extracted from fish liver, in blender and mixer, were 24 (+15.145) and 18 (+8.246), respectively. The homogenization techniques for blender and mixer were effective for the extraction of metacercariae of mullet fish tissues, suggesting that they may be directly applicable in the field of study, especially due to the ease of testing