Dyadic parent-child creative activities and early childhood resilience : audio-recordings and home activities as methodological propositions

This commentary invites creativity researchers to address an area that, to date, has received little attention: the effects of dyadic creative activities on early childhood resilience. There is, indeed, a growing body of work on how creative behaviour can contribute to resilience in older children, adolescents, and adults. There is less research on this topic for populations of children aged 3 to 6 years. Yet, young children are particularly dependent upon the bonds they form with their caregivers, notably their parents. The quality of the ties they maintain with them can promote, or on the contrary hinder, their resilience. After presenting the need to foster resilience among young children through dyadic creative activities, the commentary proposes audio recording as a method of investigating this phenomenon. It presents perspectives on the analysis of momentary processes. It concludes with perspectives creative activities at home that researchers can propose to parents and children to address their effects on young children’s resilienc

Creativity research overlooks the study of resilience among young children: a bibliometric network review

Creativity researchers are increasingly interested in understanding when, how, and for whom creativity can be beneficial. Previous reviews have demonstrated that creativity research largely ignores the study of its impact on factors that promote health, and well-being among populations of adults. It is unclear, in fact, whether this gap in research also extends to creativity research among young children. This paper addresses this issue. Early childhood is a crucial stage for the cognitive development of young children who remain highly sensitive to stress, and adversity. It is therefore essential to identify and promote factors that are beneficial to early childhood resilience, thereby contributing to documenting more of the effects of creative activities on positive outcomes. This paper presents a review with a bibliometric analysis of 1000 randomly selected articles from the Web of Science, without bias towards any specific peer-reviewed journal. The analysis of 454 included articles shows that approximately 80% of the included studies focus on creativity as an outcome (replicating previous findings with a larger sample), with only 3.78% investigating creative activities as predictors among young children. In this small percentage, most of the studies addressed creative activities in young children related to resilience outcomes

GLCM FEATURES FOR LEARNING FLOODED VEGETATION FROM SENTINEL-1 AND SENTINEL-2 DATA

Efforts on flood mapping from active and passive satellite Earth Observation sensors increased in the last decade especially due to the availability of free datasets from European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 platforms. Regular data acquisition scheme also allows observing areas prone to natural hazards with a small temporal interval (within a week). Thus, before and after datasets are often available for detecting surface changes caused by flooding. This study investigates the contribution of textural variables to the predictive performance of a data-driven machine learning algorithm for detecting the effects of a flooding caused by Sardoba Dam break in Uzbekistan. In addition to the spectral channels of Sentinel-2 and polarization bands of Sentinel-1, two spectral indices (normalized difference vegetation index and modified normalized difference water index), and textural features of gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were used with the Random Forest. Due to high dimensionality of input variables, principal component (PC) analysis was applied to the GLCM features and only the most significant PCs were used for modeling. The feature stacks used for learning were derived from both pre- and post-event Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images. The models were validated through model test measures and external reference data obtained from PlanetScope imagery. The results show that the GLCM features improve the classification of flooded areas (from 82% to 93%) and flooded vegetation (from 17% to 78%) expressed in user’s accuracy. As an outcome of the study, the use of textural features is recommended for accurate mapping of flooded areas and flooded vegetation

Similarity or Diversity Between Fields? The Case of Charity Markets in Türkiye

Neo-Institutional Theory assumes that there is homogeneity within and heterogeneity between organizational fields. However, institutional scholars prioritize in-field comparisons more than they do across organizational fields. Moreover, these comparisons have been made between exchange fields, or between exchange fields and issue fields. In this study, we compared charity markets described as interstitial issue fields based on 13 institutional infrastructure elements embedded within them, derived from the relevant theory and prior research findings. We conducted 44 in-depth interviews with experienced charity market organizers from 10 nonprofit organizations. Furthermore, four days of participant observation were conducted with field notes in each market lasted between 7-10 days. Data were analyzed with a directed content analysis technique adopting a deductive approach. Contrary to the basic premise of the Neo-Institutional Theory, we concluded that organizational fields could be isomorphic, just like organizations. This result is expected to present a new perspective on the theory’s basic assumptions

Observations of Temporal Group Delays in Slow-Light Multiple Coupled Photonic Crystal Cavities

We demonstrate temporal group delays in coherently coupled high- Q multicavity photonic crystals, in an all-optical analog to electromagnetically induced transparency. We report deterministic control of the group delay up to 4x the single cavity lifetime in our room-temperature chip. Supported by three-dimensional numerical simulations and theoretical analyses, our multipump beam approach enables control of the multicavity resonances and intercavity phase, in both single and double transparency peaks. The standing-wave wavelength-scale photon localization allows direct scalability for chip-scale optical pulse trapping and coupled-cavity quantum electrodynamics

CONSIDERATIONS ON THE USE OF SENTINEL-1 DATA IN FLOOD MAPPING IN URBAN AREAS: ANKARA (TURKEY) 2018 FLOODS

Flood events frequently occur due to -most probably- climate change on our planet in the recent years. Rapid urbanization also causes imperfections in city planning, such as insufficient considerations of the environmental factors and the lack of proper infrastructure development. Mapping of inundation level following a flood event is thus important in evaluation of flood models and flood hazard and risk analyzes. This task can be harder in urban areas, where the effect of the disaster can be more severe and even cause loss of lives.With the increased temporal and spatial availability of SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) data, several flood detection applications appear in the literature although their use in urban areas so far relatively limited. In this study, one flood event occurred in Ankara, Turkey, in May 2018 has been mapped using Sentinel-1 SAR data. The preprocessing of Sentinel-1 data and the mapping procedure have been described in detail and the results have been evaluated and discussed accordingly. The results of this study show that SAR sensors provide fast and accurate data during the flooding using appropriate methods, and due to the nature of the flood events, i.e. heavy cloud coverage, it is currently irreplaceable by optical remote sensing techniques.</p

Observations of zero-order bandgaps in negative-index photonic crystal superlattices at the near-infrared

We present the first observations of zero-n bandgaps in photonic crystal superlattices consisting of alternating stacks of negative index photonic crystals and positive index dielectric materials in the near-infrared. Guided by ab initio three-dimensional numerical simulations, the fabricated nanostructured superlattices demonstrate the presence of zero-order gaps in remarkable agreement with theoretical predictions across a range of different superlattice periods and unit cell variations. These volume-averaged zero-index superlattice structures present a new type of photonic band gap, with potential for complete wavefront control for arbitrary phase delay lines and open cavity resonances.Comment: 14 pages, 3 Figure