ICOPER Project - Deliverable 4.3 ISURE: Recommendations for extending effective reuse, embodied in the ICOPER CD&R

The purpose of this document is to capture the ideas and recommendations, within and beyond the ICOPER community, concerning the reuse of learning content, including appropriate methodologies as well as established strategies for remixing and repurposing reusable resources. The overall remit of this work focuses on describing the key issues that are related to extending effective reuse embodied in such materials. The objective of this investigation, is to support the reuse of learning content whilst considering how it could be originally created and then adapted with that ‘reuse’ in mind. In these circumstances a survey on effective reuse best practices can often provide an insight into the main challenges and benefits involved in the process of creating, remixing and repurposing what we are now designating as Reusable Learning Content (RLC). Several key issues are analysed in this report: Recommendations for extending effective reuse, building upon those described in the previous related deliverables 4.1 Content Development Methodologies and 4.2 Quality Control and Web 2.0 technologies. The findings of this current survey, however, provide further recommendations and strategies for using and developing this reusable learning content. In the spirit of ‘reuse’, this work also aims to serve as a foundation for the many different stakeholders and users within, and beyond, the ICOPER community who are interested in reusing learning resources. This report analyses a variety of information. Evidence has been gathered from a qualitative survey that has focused on the technical and pedagogical recommendations suggested by a Special Interest Group (SIG) on the most innovative practices with respect to new media content authors (for content authoring or modification) and course designers (for unit creation). This extended community includes a wider collection of OER specialists. This collected evidence, in the form of video and audio interviews, has also been represented as multimedia assets potentially helpful for learning and useful as learning content in the New Media Space (See section 4 for further details). Section 2 of this report introduces the concept of reusable learning content and reusability. Section 3 discusses an application created by the ICOPER community to enhance the opportunities for developing reusable content. Section 4 of this report provides an overview of the methodology used for the qualitative survey. Section 5 presents a summary of thematic findings. Section 6 highlights a list of recommendations for effective reuse of educational content, which were derived from thematic analysis described in Appendix A. Finally, section 7 summarises the key outcomes of this work

Vergleichende molekulargenetische Untersuchungen benigner mesenchymaler und maligner epithelialer Tumoren unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Schilddrüsenkarzinoms

Although leiomyomas of the uterus are the most frequent gynecological tumours, their pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Chromosomal rearrangements affecting the region 12q14~15 belong to the most frequent recurrent chromosomal aberrations. A strong overexpression of HMGA2 in this group was confirmed in the present thesis. Since losses of miRNA binding sites due to truncated transcripts caused by intragenic breakpoints occur in a minority of these tumours, they cannot account for the reactivation of HMGA2 in leiomyomas of the 12q14~15 group in general. Moreover, fibroids without cytogenetically detectable 12q14~15 aberration were found to express HMGA2 at higher rates than the corresponding myometrium. Therefore, HMGA2 may also be of pathogenetic relevance in fibroids without chromosomal abnormalities and could possibly play a crucial role in a much larger fraction of uterine leiomyomas than previously assumed. Besides benign mesenchymal tumours, several malignant tumours of epithelial origin also exhibit a reactivation of HMGA2. Herein, a second main focus was laid on tumours of the thyroid gland. Although many of them can accurately be classified presurgically by fine-needle aspiration biopsies, some entities represent a diagnostic challenge. Because the cell morphology of adenomas and follicular carcinomas is identical, it is virtually impossible to discriminate follicular neoplasias by cytology alone. It was shown that HMGA2 is strongly expressed in thyroid carcinomas of follicular origin by qRT-PCR as well as by immunohistochemistry, suggesting that HMGA2 has the potential to serve as a marker in the diagnosis of thyroid tumours

HSP90-stabilized proteins as therapeutic targets in cancer

Although cancer is among the most common causes of death worldwide, successful treatment options for most cancer entities remain elusive, raising the need for novel therapies. One attractive target of current drug candidates is the stress-inducible heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) chaperone machinery. Its normal chaperoning function is subverted in tumors to protect numerous mutated and overexpressed proteins from misfolding and degradation. Hence, it is playing a central role in oncogenic signaling. The addiction of cancer cells to the HSP90 chaperone machinery provides opportunities for targeting the stability of HSP90-dependent oncoproteins (clients). To dissect the importance of the HSP90 chaperone machinery in tumor progression, we investigated two HSP90-stabilized proteins: the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and mutant p53 (mutp53) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Both proteins were shown to be elevated in cancer cells via the HSP90 chaperone machinery, correlating with worse prognosis for cancer patients. MIF is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which is known to promote tumor progression in various cancer entities. Indeed, we demonstrate that loss of HSP90-stabilized MIF in CRC results in reduced tumor growth. This effect was accompanied by decreased macrophage recruitment and angiogenesis in established CRC tumors. Our data suggest that MIF acts via the CD74/MAPK axis and is indeed a cancer-relevant HSP90 client in CRC. The tumor suppressor p53 (p53) is mutated in approximately 50% of all human cancers. We found that the mutp53R248W variant is highly stabilized by the HSP90 chaperone machinery in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. Furthermore, we identified a unique gain-of-function role of this p53R248W mutant on cell migration. Mechanistically, mutp53R248W specifically interacts with the phosphorylated transcription factor STAT3 and thus contributes to the aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer. Our results further corroborate HSP90 as an attractive target to counteract tumor development, and we identified two HSP90 clients as cancer drivers, outlining additional target structures for cancer therapy.2021-07-0

Enhancing learning with technology

Specht, M., & Klemke, R. (2013, 26-27 September). Enhancing Learning with Technology. In D. Milosevic (Ed.), Proceedings of the fourth international conference on eLearning (eLearning 2013) (pp. 37-45). Belgrade Metropolitan University, Belgrade, Serbia. http://econference.metropolitan.ac.rs/We are living in a technology-enhanced world. Also learning is affected by recent, upcoming, and foreseen technological changes. This paper gives a bird’s eye view to technological trends and reflects how learning can benefit from them

Lean Changeability – Evaluation and Design of Lean and Transformable Factories

In today-s turbulent environment, companies are faced with two principal challenges. On the one hand, it is necessary to produce ever more cost-effectively to remain competitive. On the other hand, factories need to be transformable in order to manage unpredictable changes in the corporate environment. To deal with these different challenges, companies use the philosophy of lean production in the first case, in the second case the philosophy of transformability. To a certain extent these two approaches follow different directions. This can cause conflicts when designing factories. Therefore, the Institute of Production Systems and Logistics (IFA) of the Leibniz University of Hanover has developed a procedure to allow companies to evaluate and design their factories with respect to the requirements of both philosophies

Authoring for Re-Use in Outcome-oriented Learning Scenarios

Klemke, R., & Schmitz, B. (2010). Authoring for Re-Use in Outcome-oriented Learning Scenarios. Fourth International Workshop on Search and Exchange of e-le@rning Materials (SE@M’10). September, 27-28, 2010, Barcelona, Spain.Content production processes currently experience a shift in focus. Due to the growing trend of highly individualized learning scenarios they have to face and to combine a multitude of different standards. The European eContent+ network of Excellence ICOPER researches possible strategies and implementations to deal with this new situation. In its course the project develops a comprehensive set of prototypes that use, evaluate and propose extensions to a large number of currently relevant standards such as IEEE RCD, SCORM or OAI-PMH. This paper describes a collaborative, re-use based authoring approach that was realized with one of these prototypes.ICOPE

Open 3D Environments for Competitive and Collaborative Educational Games

Klemke, R., & Kravčík, M. (2012). Open 3D Environments for Competitive and Collaborative Educational Games. In S. Bocconi, R. Klamma, & Y. Bachvarova (Eds.), Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Pedagogically-driven Serious Games (PDSG 2012). In conjunction with the Seventh European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (EC-TEL 2012) (pp. 15-18). September, 18, 2012, Saarbrücken, Germany. CEUR workshop proceedings, Aachen, http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-898/Educational games have a lot of potential to raise students’ motivation and improve the quality of education when applied properly. But finding a suitable game for a particular learning objective is not easy and development of a new one is expensive. In our university course a group of students developed a prototype of a serious gaming tool for architectural design, which is based on the Google Street View environment. With this tool teams can model 3D buildings, place them in real world images, share their results, and rate them. The solution provides a better contextualization of the model and paves a way towards integration with a full 3D environment, which should even more improve the serious gaming experience in the architectural design.GALA NoE, Surfnet/Kennisnet Innovation Programme 201