Cerebrovascular Disease; A Leading Cause of Epilepsy

Various types of cerebrovascular diseases can result in epilepsy in any age, especially in the elderly. Besides well-known cause of epilepsy as large cerebral infarction involving cerebral cortex and intracerebral hemorrhage, there are growing evidences of roles of subcortical infarction, chronic subdural hematoma, and superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. We review here the epidemiology and possible predictors of epilepsy in each type of cerebrovascular lesions and summarize the characteristics of semiology and electroencephalography findings in order to take early treatment strategy. Additionally, relevance of acute-symptomatic seizures and status epilepticus to epilepsy is discussed

The State of Studies of Japanese Constitution in the U. S. and Europe <Research Note>

本文に記したように本稿は，2013年度～2015年度にかけて取得した，科研費・基盤研究（C）「欧米諸国における日本憲法研究の状況をめぐる憲法学的検証」（研究課題番号：25380038）に基づく研究成果である（なお，本研究の一部において，平成27年度慶磨義塾学事振興資金に基づく調査研究も反映されている）

Loss of NSD2 causes dysregulation of synaptic genes and altered H3K36 dimethylation in mice

Background: Epigenetic disruptions have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. NSD2 is associated with developmental delay/intellectual disability; however, its role in brain development and function remains unclear.Methods: We performed transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses using Nsd2 knockout mice to better understand the role of NSD2 in the brain.Results and discussion: Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the loss of NSD2 caused dysregulation of genes related to synaptic transmission and formation. By analyzing changes in H3 lysine 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2), NSD2-mediated H3K36me2 mainly marked quiescent state regions and the redistribution of H3K36me2 occurred at transcribed genes and enhancers. By integrating transcriptomic and epigenetic data, we observed that H3K36me2 changes in a subset of dysregulated genes related to synaptic transmission and formation. These results suggest that NSD2 is involved in the regulation of genes important for neural function through H3K36me2. Our findings provide insights into the role of NSD2 and improve our understanding of epigenetic regulation in the brain

Development of Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon for the treatment of hepatitis via inducing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions

Because of its multifaceted anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, delivering type-I interferon to Kupffer cells has the potential to function as a novel type of therapy for the treatment of various types of hepatitis. We report herein on the preparation of a Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon, an albumin-IFNα2b fusion protein that contains highly mannosylated N-linked oligosaccharide chains, Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b, attached by combining albumin fusion technology and site-directed mutagenesis. The presence of this unique oligosaccharide permits the protein to be efficiently, rapidly and preferentially distributed to Kupffer cells. Likewise IFNα2b, Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b caused a significant induction in the mRNA levels of IL-10, IL-1Ra, PD-L1 in RAW264.7 cells and mouse isolated Kupffer cells, and these inductions were largely inhibited by blocking the interferon receptor. These data indicate that Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b retained the biological activities of type-I interferon. Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b significantly inhibited liver injury in Concanavalin A (Con-A)-induced hepatitis model mice, and consequently improved their survival rate. Moreover, the post-administration of Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b at 2 h after the Con-A challenge also exerted hepato-protective effects. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates the therapeutic effectiveness and utility of Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon against hepatitis via its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions

スポーツ活動相談・指導室の活動について

2001（平成13）年4月よりリハビリテーション学科の創設に従い、リハビリテーション総合研究所が設立され、15年余活動が続けられた。その後、リハビリテーション総合研究所のあり方について検討が加えられ、新たに2016（平成28）年12月19日にスポーツ活動相談・指導室として改組された。スポーツ活動相談・指導室の目的は、急性スポーツ傷害に対する理解を深めさせ、適切に医療機関等の受診行動を促すこと、またスポーツ傷害発生の予防と再発予防の知識を高め、具体的な対処方法を指導し、実践させること、さらにこれらの介入を継続して経過を追うことである。The purposes of this report are to introduce the foundation of Advisory Institution for Sport Activitiesattached to Faculty of Rehabilitation, Shijonawate-gakuen University, and to report over the last 3 years records.This new institution is revised from Comprehensive Rehabilitation Center which was established in 2001,belonging to Shijonawate-gakuen College.The institution is open for high school students and community in order to enable them to enjoy sport activities in safety under consultation by the staff

高校における部活動内での傷害調査 : 四條畷学園大学リハビリテーション総合研究所の活動報告

四條畷学園大学内にあるリハビリテーション総合研究所ではアスリートサポート相談会(athlete support consultation以下、ASC)を実施している。ASCにおける開設当初の調査が可能であった2005年1月から2014年12月までのASCの利用者の実態について調査・検討を行った。その結果、6月と9月に相談件数が多かった。また、陸上部は下腿と足関節の相談でほぼ過半数を占め、バスケットボール部は足関節が54.1%と多かった。これに対し、水泳部は肩関節が56.1%と多い傾向であった。この結果から、春期を迎える前や長期休業に入る前に、セルフコンディショニングやトレーニングの指導を実施すること、競技特性に合わせたフィジカルチェックを実施する必要性が示唆された。The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual situation of Comprehensive Rehabilitation center in Shijonawate Gakuen University. Subjects were total number of users of the center from January 2005 to December 2014. Survey items are the total number of user number, the number of users per day, belonging club, the affected body part and the medical consultation. Number of the user was greater in June and September. In addition, the affected body parts were closely related with features of the belong club. Therefore, the content of guidance for self-conditioning and training are important before spring and the long-term holiday. The physical examination for each club member will lead to the prevention of injury

Yokukansan Inhibits Neuronal Death during ER Stress by Regulating the Unfolded Protein Response

Recently, several studies have reported Yokukansan (Tsumura TJ-54), a traditional Japanese medicine, as a potential new drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is known to play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD, particularly in neuronal death. Therefore, we examined the effect of Yokukansan on ER stress-induced neurotoxicity and on familial AD-linked presenilin-1 mutation-associated cell death.We employed the WST-1 assay and monitored morphological changes to evaluate cell viability following Yokukansan treatment or treatment with its components. Western blotting and PCR were used to observe the expression levels of GRP78/BiP, caspase-4 and C/EBP homologous protein.Yokukansan inhibited neuronal death during ER stress, with Cnidii Rhizoma (Senkyu), a component of Yokukansan, being particularly effective. We also showed that Yokukansan and Senkyu affect the unfolded protein response following ER stress and that these drugs inhibit the activation of caspase-4, resulting in the inhibition of ER stress-induced neuronal death. Furthermore, we found that the protective effect of Yokukansan and Senkyu against ER stress could be attributed to the ferulic acid content of these two drugs.Our results indicate that Yokukansan, Senkyu and ferulic acid are protective against ER stress-induced neuronal cell death and may provide a possible new treatment for AD

高校男子サッカー選手における入学年度別の体幹筋機能と運動時腰痛発生の経時的変化

我々はスポーツ活動時の腰痛発生予防を目的に高校サッカー選手に体幹筋トレーニングを継続して行っている。体幹機能検査にはKraus-Weber test変法大阪市大方式(以下、KW)とSide-Bridge test(以下、SB)を用い、体幹筋機能と運動時腰痛発生の経時的変化を入学年度別に調査し、検討を加えたので報告する。結果は2年以上の継続した指導によって平成19年度入学の選手はSBの点数向上に伴い運動時腰痛保有者は減少する傾向となった。20年度入学の選手はKW、SBともに点数の変化がなく運動時腰痛保有者は増加した。21年度入学の選手はKW、SBともに点数は向上し、運動時腰痛保有者は減少する傾向にあった。学年別に検討したところ、KWとSBの経時的な変化と運動時腰痛保有者の変化の傾向は異なるが、KWとSBの点数に反映される体幹筋機能を向上させることが腰痛保有者の減少や予防に関与する可能性が示唆された。We have been providing trunk muscle training for senior high school soccer players on a continuing basis for the purpose of preventing low back pain in sports activities. We report the results of our investigation and discussion on time-dependent change by school year in relation between trunk muscle function and occurrence of low back pain during exercise which are based on Kraus-Weber tests(KW) modified by the Osaka-City-University system and Side-Bridge tests(SB) as means to examine trunk muscle function. Our findings indicated a decreasing tendency of players with low back pain during exercise among students enrolled in 2007 along with improved SB scores attributable to more than 2 years of continuous coaching. Students enrolled in 2008 did not show change in KW or SB scores and the players with low back pain during exercise increased. Students enrolled in 2009 had a tendency to improve both in KW and SB scores and to decrease in the number of players with low back pain during exercise. Our examination of the results by school year suggested the potential association between improved trunk muscle function reflected in KW and SB scores, and reduction and prevention of players with low back pain despite the difference in the tendencies of time-dependent change in KW and SB scores and in the number of players with low back pain during exercise