Position of meristems and the angles of the cell division plane regulate the uniqueness of lateral organ shape

花びらの形が葉と違う仕組みを解明. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-12-12.Leaf meristem is a cell proliferative zone present in the lateral organ primordia. In this study, we examined how cell proliferative zones in primordia of planar floral organs and polar auxin transport inhibitor (PATI)-treated leaf organs differ from those of non-treated foliage leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana, with a focus on the accumulation pattern of ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3) protein, a key element for leaf meristem positioning. We found that PATI-induced leaf shape changes were correlated with cell division angle but not with meristem positioning/size or AN3 localisation. In contrast, different shapes between sepals and petals compared with foliage leaves were associated with both altered meristem position, due to altered AN3 expression patterns, and different distributions of cell division angles. A numerical simulation showed that meristem position majorly affected the final shape but biased cell division angles had a minor effect. Taken together, these results suggest that the unique shapes of different lateral organs depend on the position of the meristem in the case of floral organs and cell division angles in the case of leaf organs with different auxin flow

Intestinal Perforation by Ingested Foreign Bodies

Seven cases with intestinal perforation by ingested foreign bodies (IFBs) were surgically treated in our hospital between January 2000 and August 2009. We reviewed the preoperative mental conditions, awareness of ingestion, preoperative diagnosis, the type of foreign bodies, perforation site, treatment and morbidity for these patients. The ratio of males to females was 4 : 3, and patient age ranged from 27 years to 85 years. Three of 7 patients had an abnormal mental condition, including neurosis with medication in 1, severe mental retardation in 1 and dementia in 1. Six patients were not aware they had IFBs. Preoperative diagnoses were perforative peritonitis in 6 cases and ileus in 1 case. The ingested objects consisted of fish bones in 4 cases, toothpicks in 2 cases and a press-through package in 1 case. Computed tomography (CT) showed the ingested fish bones in all 4 cases, while plain abdominal radiography demonstrated fish bone in only one of these cases. Toothpicks and a press-through package were not detected on CT or by plain abdominal radiography. The perforation sites were the small intestine in 5 cases and the large intestine (transverse colon) in 2 cases. Treatments were intestinal resection with or without omentectomy in 5 cases, suture alone in 1 case and omentectomy alone in 1 case. Postoperative complications were seen in 2 patients, including hepatic failure and bleeding from gastroesophageal reflux disease in 1 case, and removal and reinsertion of a V-P shunt tube in 1 case. The mortality rate was 0%

Application of CO-oximeter for Forensic Samples

CO-oximeter is routinely used in clinical practice, and it has been applied in the field of forensic medicine. It is a simultaneous and nondestructive technique for the analysis of total hemoglobin (Hb) and various Hb species, such as oxyhemoglobin, reduced hemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and methemoglobin. It automatically measures the proportion of each species of Hb and oxygen contents. This is an easy, rapid, and convenient way as the laboratory test. Since there are many advantages such as no necessity of sample preparation, easy handling, and portability, it may provide valuable information for forensic diagnosis. In the present paper, we discuss about the diagnostic application of CO-oximeter in the field of forensic medicine

Simplified Analysis of Toxic Gaseous Substance in Forensic Practice: Experiences from Japan

Toxicological examination in forensic practice is important for the proper diagnosis of acute poisoning. We have discussed the properties and features of poisoning incidents due to gaseous substances and elaborated on the simplified analytical techniques and apparatus used for their identification and quantitation for forensic purposes. Briefly, we have explained the simplified analysis of toxic gaseous substances such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and helium in blood. The techniques used include color testing, gas chromatography, detector tube, oximeter, and spectrophotometric method. In doing so, we have shared our experiences and highlighted the fact that the analysis of gaseous substances can be performed using readily available laboratory tools and equipment. We have emphasized the need and usefulness of the reference data tables for guiding forensic diagnosis. We hope that the above overview will assist other colleagues to implement such simplified techniques for the advancement of forensic medicine practice

Preoperative simulation with a 3-dimensional printed solid model for one-step reconstruction of multiple hepatic veins during living donor liver transplantation

Meticulous preoperative volumetry of the partial liver graft is essential for both assessing the postoperative graft function and to ensure the donor safety in the field of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).We herein report the case of a 53-year-old patient who underwent LDLT for hepatitis C virusinfected liver cirrhosis complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Preoperative 3D images were obtained using a 3D image analysis system to evaluate the graft volume and possible congested volume after implantation in LDLT, which revealed that a large middle hepatic vein drained a vast area in the right lobe. The extended left graft was considered to be small for size of the recipient, with an estimated congested area of 407 ml, which was equivalent to 39% of the donor’s liver volume in the remnant right lobe.We decided to use a right lobe graft with the middle hepatic vein, because the volume was considered to be sufficient. A preoperative contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed a distance of 2 cm between the donor’s right hepatic vein and middle hepatic vein at the estimated Cantlie line. Because of the location, we planned to use autologous portal vein Y-graft interposition for the hepatic venous anastomosis. Three-dimensional printed solid models of the donor’s right lobe graft and the Y-graft from the recipient’s portal vein were also made for preoperative simulation using the Vincent program.Based on the estimation, we were able to evaluate whether to reconstruct the middle hepatic vein tributaries or anomalous hepatic veins in LDLT. The 3D solid model was effective for preoperative simulation and planning, which made it easy to imagine the reconstructed shape of the anastomosis with appropriate spatial perception

Effect of 3-methylcholanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene on the differentiation of PC12 cells to neuron-like cells.

研究ノー

Standardized less invasive living donor hemihepatectomy by the hybrid method through short upper midline incision

Recently, applications of less invasive liver surgery in living donor hepatectomy (LDH) have been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a hybrid method with a midline incision for LDH

Peritoneal Recurrence of Initially Controlled Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Living Donor Liver Transplantation

It is well known that the presence of end-stage liver disease increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver transplantation (LT) for patients within the Milan criteria has become a standard treatment for HCC in most developed centers worldwide. However, a major cause of death in cirrhotic patients with HCC after transplantation is tumor recurrence, including peritoneal recurrences, which develops rarely but presents a significant problem with regard to their management. Our experience includes two cases with HCC within the Milan criteria of peritoneal recurrences after living donor LT. Both patients had interventions for HCC in their medical history before LT, and we propose that these might have been a possible cause of the HCC peritoneal recurrence